Volume 1Labels, sorting and partisan feeling

Party identification and ideological labels drew closer together in American surveys. The volume asks what the labels contain, in the United States and about 100 countries, how the alignment changed across birth cohorts, and how it differs from partisans' feelings toward the other party.

Volume 2Coalitions and political differences

Participation, group coalitions, issues and attitudes toward institutions and democracy, 1948 to 2024. Party gaps on these measures differ in size and timing, and some reverse with control of the presidency, so no single trend describes them.

Volume 3Votes, giving and places

Election returns, donor records and county data count different populations at different scales. The volume follows the vote from counties to precincts and down the ballot, compares donors with voters, and returns from places to the people who live in them.

Reading path

Trust and democracy

8 chapters in reading order. A path is a way through the book that follows one question; every chapter also stands alone.

1
Confidence in thirteen institutions
Chapter 5.1 in Part V, Institutions and democratic attitudes
Among respondents interviewed in person, the average size of the gap between Democrats and Republicans in confidence across thirteen institutions was 4.8 points in 1973-1980 and 9.4 points in 2022-2024.
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2
Trust in government
Planned in Part V, Institutions and democratic attitudes
Does partisans' trust in the federal government follow the party in the White House?
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3
Trust in science
Planned in Part V, Institutions and democratic attitudes
When did confidence in science become a partisan divide, and what did COVID change?
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4
Generalized and institutional trust
Planned in Part V, Institutions and democratic attitudes
Have trust in other people and confidence in institutions fallen together?
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5
Institutional trust outside the United States
Planned in Part V, Institutions and democratic attitudes
Are partisan or ideological gaps in institutional confidence widening in other democracies?
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6
Tolerance of speech
Chapter 5.2 in Part V, Institutions and democratic attitudes
In 2008 to 2018 Democrats allowed a racist speaker 6.8 points less often than Republicans did, while the party gaps on four speakers that conservatives are expected to object to were within 2.1 points of zero.
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7
Support for democracy
Chapter 5.3 in Part V, Institutions and democratic attitudes
In a fixed set of countries, support for a democratic system changed by +1.2 points between 1995 to 1998 and 2017 to 2023, while approval of a strong leader rose by 9.9 points and army rule by 7.6 points.
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8
Political violence and democratic norms
Chapter 5.4 in Part V, Institutions and democratic attitudes
In the 2024 ANES, 17.2% of adult citizens said violence to pursue political goals is justified at least a little, with no party gap that the data separate from zero.
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All chapters