Volume 1Labels, sorting and partisan feeling

Party identification and ideological labels drew closer together in American surveys. The volume asks what the labels contain, in the United States and about 100 countries, how the alignment changed across birth cohorts, and how it differs from partisans' feelings toward the other party.

Volume 2Coalitions and political differences

Participation, group coalitions, issues and attitudes toward institutions and democracy, 1948 to 2024. Party gaps on these measures differ in size and timing, and some reverse with control of the presidency, so no single trend describes them.

Volume 3Votes, giving and places

Election returns, donor records and county data count different populations at different scales. The volume follows the vote from counties to precincts and down the ballot, compares donors with voters, and returns from places to the people who live in them.

Reading path

Education and the vote

6 chapters in reading order. A path is a way through the book that follows one question; every chapter also stands alone.

1
The diploma divide
Chapter 3.4 in Part III, Participation and coalitions
In the ANES, college graduates went from voting less Democratic than other voters to voting more Democratic, a gap of +23.3 points of the two-party presidential vote in 2024.
DraftIndividualsanescesgssstate-returns
2
Political knowledge and constraint
Planned in Part I, Labels and beliefs
Is ideological constraint concentrated among the politically informed?
PlannedIndividualsanes
3
Education and ideology
Planned in Part I, Labels and beliefs
Is the link between ideology and political action stronger among the educated?
PlannedCountrieswvsanes2024
4
The diploma map
Companion 8.1a in Part VIII, Places and the people in them
Counting counties by their votes, a county with 10 more points of college share had a Democratic share of the two-party presidential vote 9.2 points higher in 2024, against 3.9 points in 2000.
DraftPlacescounty-returnscounty-demographics
5
Income and the county vote
Planned in Part VIII, Places and the people in them
Do richer counties vote more Democratic once education is held constant?
PlannedPlacescounty-returnscounty-demographicsces
6
Education, ethnicity and the county shift, 2016 to 2024
Chapter 8.2 in Part VIII, Places and the people in them
In 2020 to 2024, counties with more Hispanic residents moved further toward the Republicans than other counties did, a vote-weighted correlation of −0.66 with the swing, against +0.45 in 2012 to 2016.
DraftPlacescounty-returnscounty-demographicsces

All chapters