Scene 17 of 19, Neighborhood types line up on outcomes but blur into one another. Step 1 of 2, Outcomes by type.
Census tracts, sorted on seven census measures and land area
Neighborhood types line up on outcomes but blur into one another Life expectancy and adult income rank are highest and teen births and incarceration lowest among high-income owners, and the reverse holds in the high-poverty, single-parent type
Life expectancy at birth (years)
82.1 80.4 79.6 77.8 80.3 77.3 75.3 74.7 High-income owners Older owners Middle-income owners Low-density owners Dense, college-educated renters Moderate-income, mixed-tenure Lower-income renters High-poverty, single-parent 74 76 78 80 82 84
Adult income rank of children from low-income families (percentile)
49.7 44.9 44.7 42.6 44.4 40.6 37.9 35.8 High-income owners Older owners Middle-income owners Low-density owners Dense, college-educated renters Moderate-income, mixed-tenure Lower-income renters High-poverty, single-parent 35 40 45 50
Teen births among daughters of low-income parents (%)
13.9 19.1 22.4 27.5 20.5 29.8 33.8 38.9 High-income owners Older owners Middle-income owners Low-density owners Dense, college-educated renters Moderate-income, mixed-tenure Lower-income renters High-poverty, single-parent 10 20 30 40
Incarcerated on Census Day 2010, children of low-income parents (%)
1.3 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.5 3.0 3.5 High-income owners Older owners Middle-income owners Low-density owners Dense, college-educated renters Moderate-income, mixed-tenure Lower-income renters High-poverty, single-parent 1 2 3 4
Population-weighted mean of tract values (units in each panel title)
Step 1 of 2 · Outcomes by type
The types were built from income, poverty, education, family structure, homeownership, age and density, with no health or mobility measure. Their outcomes still line up from the high-income owners to the high-poverty, single-parent type.
Notes, source and chapter
Scenes
Neighborhood types line up on outcomes but blur into one another Scene 17 of 19, step 1 of 2: Outcomes by type. Census tracts, sorted on seven census measures and land area.
What to say The names label groups of tracts, not the people who live in them. The chapter compares the fit of the types with the same fit on simulated data that has no clusters.
About the chart Life expectancy and adult income rank are highest and teen births and incarceration lowest among high-income owners, and the reverse holds in the high-poverty, single-parent type
Life expectancy and adult income rank are highest and teen births and incarceration lowest among high-income owners, and the reverse holds in the high-poverty, single-parent type. The order across the other types differs by outcome.
No outcome is an input to the typology. PLACES estimates are modeled partly from ACS covariates such as poverty and education, so the agreement between the types and the adult health measures is partly mechanical. The Opportunity Atlas measures share no file with any input. Opportunity Atlas measures are for children born 1978 to 1983 raised in families at the 25th income percentile, interpolated from 2010 to 2020 tracts by land area, and tract population stands in for the number of children. Life expectancy is for deaths in 2010 to 2015 and covers 77,763 of the typed tracts. PLACES values are modeled crude prevalence for adults, with BRFSS 2022 data. Each panel uses the typed tracts that have the measure. Intervals show how the means would vary with the sample of counties, given the types; they do not include uncertainty about the typology itself (a bootstrap over counties; replicates and seed in the methods note). Source ACS 2019-2023, USALEEP life expectancy 2010-2015, Opportunity Atlas (children born 1978 to 1983), PLACES 2024 release and ADI 2023; tract values weighted by ACS population; population-weighted, modeled estimates for the PLACES measures
Keys Right, Space, Page Down Next step, then the next scene Left, Page Up Previous step, then the previous scene Home First scene O Overview of the scenes Click or tap Next step; on the left fifth of the screen, the previous one N Notes: what to say, the chart’s caption and source, and the chapter F Fullscreen Escape Close a panel