{
  "alt": "Dumbbell chart with five rows, one for each measure, joining a dot for the least deprived tenth of tracts to a dot for the most deprived tenth. Unemployment is higher in the most deprived tenth. Labor force participation, the share of workers who work from home and the share of resident jobs in the top earnings band are lower there. The share with a commute of an hour or more is also lower.",
  "caption": "Unemployment is higher in the most deprived tenth and the other four measures are lower, including the share of commuting workers with a commute of an hour or more. Each dot is a mean over the tracts of one tenth, weighted by tract population for the ACS rows and by jobs held by residents for the LODES row, with a 95% interval from a bootstrap over counties. The index includes tract unemployment, income, the white-collar share of employed people and the share of households without a vehicle, so every gradient here overlaps with it and is partly mechanical.",
  "data": [
    {
      "least": 4.92,
      "least_hi": 5.41,
      "least_lo": 4.35,
      "measure": "Unemployment rate (ACS 2019-2023)",
      "most": 8.65,
      "most_hi": 9.05,
      "most_lo": 8.25,
      "tracts_least": 8021,
      "tracts_most": 8103
    },
    {
      "least": 66.12,
      "least_hi": 66.72,
      "least_lo": 65.45,
      "measure": "Labor force participation (ACS 2019-2023)",
      "most": 54.82,
      "most_hi": 55.27,
      "most_lo": 54.35,
      "tracts_least": 8021,
      "tracts_most": 8103
    },
    {
      "least": 12.02,
      "least_hi": 14.28,
      "least_lo": 10.11,
      "measure": "Commuting workers with a commute of an hour or more (ACS 2019-2023)",
      "most": 7.29,
      "most_hi": 7.73,
      "most_lo": 6.88,
      "tracts_least": 8021,
      "tracts_most": 8103
    },
    {
      "least": 23.44,
      "least_hi": 25.27,
      "least_lo": 21.97,
      "measure": "Workers who work from home (ACS 2019-2023)",
      "most": 5.94,
      "most_hi": 6.19,
      "most_lo": 5.69,
      "tracts_least": 8021,
      "tracts_most": 8103
    },
    {
      "least": 60.07,
      "least_hi": 63.33,
      "least_lo": 57.06,
      "measure": "Jobs held by residents in the top earnings band (LODES 2019)",
      "most": 30.41,
      "most_hi": 30.94,
      "most_lo": 29.93,
      "tracts_least": 8014,
      "tracts_most": 8103
    }
  ],
  "id": "tract_measures_by_adi",
  "notes": [
    "The Area Deprivation Index (rank 1 least deprived, 100 most deprived) averages block-group ranks to tracts without population weights and understates deprivation in high-cost cities. Tenths hold near-equal numbers of the {fact:n_tracts_adi} tracts with a rank (tied ranks stay together); {fact:n_tracts_no_adi} tracts have none.",
    "The ACS rows describe residents: the unemployment rate is a share of the civilian labor force aged {fact:acs_age} and over, participation a share of people aged {fact:acs_age} and over, the commute row a share of workers who commute (workers who do not work from home) and the work-from-home row a share of all workers. The staged ACS file has no margins of error, so the intervals show variation across counties and not the precision of single tracts.",
    "The last row counts jobs held by residents, which LODES places at the worker's home tract. Alaska, Massachusetts and Puerto Rico are left out of the whole figure so that one set of tracts is compared; Connecticut tracts are matched through the tract crosswalk."
  ],
  "source": "American Community Survey 2019-2023 tracts, population-weighted, no margins of error; LEHD LODES residence table 2019, jobs-weighted; Area Deprivation Index 2023, national rank",
  "spec": {
    "deltaLabel": "Most deprived minus least deprived (points)",
    "hi1": "least_hi",
    "hi2": "most_hi",
    "label1": "Least deprived tenth of tracts",
    "label2": "Most deprived tenth of tracts",
    "lo1": "least_lo",
    "lo2": "most_lo",
    "sort": "data",
    "x1": "least",
    "x2": "most",
    "xDomain": [
      0,
      70
    ],
    "xFormat": {
      "digits": 1
    },
    "xLabel": "Percent (of the labor force, of people, of workers or of jobs, as named in each row)",
    "y": "measure"
  },
  "subtitle": "Five measures of the residents of tracts in the least and the most deprived tenth by Area Deprivation Index rank, percent; the index is built partly from income, employment and vehicle access, so all five gradients are partly mechanical",
  "title": "In the most deprived tenth of tracts, {fact:top_res_most} of jobs held by residents were in the top earnings band against {fact:top_res_least} in the least deprived tenth, and unemployment was {fact:ur_tract_most} against {fact:ur_tract_least}",
  "type": "dumbbell",
  "width": "wide"
}