{
  "alt": "Line chart of the mean ladder score by year of age. The line starts high at age {fact:age_18}, drops by age {fact:age_25}, changes little from ages {fact:band_2534} to ages {fact:band_3544}, falls to its lowest values in midlife and then rises steadily to its highest values at the oldest ages, with narrow intervals except at the oldest ages.",
  "caption": "The line drops from age {fact:age_18} to age {fact:age_25}, changes little from ages {fact:band_2534} to ages {fact:band_3544}, reaches its lowest five-year average near age {fact:ladder_turn}, then rises to its highest values among the oldest adults. Each point is the unweighted mean ladder score for one year of age with a 95% interval clustered by county; the vertical rule marks the lowest point of the five-year moving average.",
  "data": [
    {
      "age": 18,
      "conf_high": 7.277,
      "conf_low": 7.231,
      "estimate": 7.254,
      "n": 25104
    },
    {
      "age": 19,
      "conf_high": 7.162,
      "conf_low": 7.112,
      "estimate": 7.137,
      "n": 20764
    },
    {
      "age": 20,
      "conf_high": 7.059,
      "conf_low": 7.006,
      "estimate": 7.033,
      "n": 20566
    },
    {
      "age": 21,
      "conf_high": 7.035,
      "conf_low": 6.984,
      "estimate": 7.009,
      "n": 21404
    },
    {
      "age": 22,
      "conf_high": 6.989,
      "conf_low": 6.934,
      "estimate": 6.962,
      "n": 20267
    },
    {
      "age": 23,
      "conf_high": 6.931,
      "conf_low": 6.879,
      "estimate": 6.905,
      "n": 20868
    },
    {
      "age": 24,
      "conf_high": 6.906,
      "conf_low": 6.849,
      "estimate": 6.878,
      "n": 20651
    },
    {
      "age": 25,
      "conf_high": 6.958,
      "conf_low": 6.905,
      "estimate": 6.932,
      "n": 22756
    },
    {
      "age": 26,
      "conf_high": 6.945,
      "conf_low": 6.89,
      "estimate": 6.918,
      "n": 20582
    },
    {
      "age": 27,
      "conf_high": 6.967,
      "conf_low": 6.915,
      "estimate": 6.941,
      "n": 21275
    },
    {
      "age": 28,
      "conf_high": 7.008,
      "conf_low": 6.955,
      "estimate": 6.982,
      "n": 22607
    },
    {
      "age": 29,
      "conf_high": 7.02,
      "conf_low": 6.967,
      "estimate": 6.993,
      "n": 21955
    },
    {
      "age": 30,
      "conf_high": 7.039,
      "conf_low": 6.988,
      "estimate": 7.013,
      "n": 26817
    },
    {
      "age": 31,
      "conf_high": 7.051,
      "conf_low": 6.995,
      "estimate": 7.023,
      "n": 21509
    },
    {
      "age": 32,
      "conf_high": 7.029,
      "conf_low": 6.978,
      "estimate": 7.003,
      "n": 25123
    },
    {
      "age": 33,
      "conf_high": 7.05,
      "conf_low": 7,
      "estimate": 7.025,
      "n": 22981
    },
    {
      "age": 34,
      "conf_high": 7.037,
      "conf_low": 6.984,
      "estimate": 7.01,
      "n": 23449
    },
    {
      "age": 35,
      "conf_high": 7.061,
      "conf_low": 7.013,
      "estimate": 7.037,
      "n": 27289
    },
    {
      "age": 36,
      "conf_high": 7.064,
      "conf_low": 7.011,
      "estimate": 7.038,
      "n": 23837
    },
    {
      "age": 37,
      "conf_high": 7.038,
      "conf_low": 6.985,
      "estimate": 7.012,
      "n": 24074
    },
    {
      "age": 38,
      "conf_high": 7.024,
      "conf_low": 6.972,
      "estimate": 6.998,
      "n": 25474
    },
    {
      "age": 39,
      "conf_high": 7.049,
      "conf_low": 6.998,
      "estimate": 7.024,
      "n": 25043
    },
    {
      "age": 40,
      "conf_high": 7.011,
      "conf_low": 6.963,
      "estimate": 6.987,
      "n": 33427
    },
    {
      "age": 41,
      "conf_high": 7.016,
      "conf_low": 6.962,
      "estimate": 6.989,
      "n": 24465
    },
    {
      "age": 42,
      "conf_high": 6.968,
      "conf_low": 6.917,
      "estimate": 6.943,
      "n": 30521
    },
    {
      "age": 43,
      "conf_high": 6.932,
      "conf_low": 6.88,
      "estimate": 6.906,
      "n": 28188
    },
    {
      "age": 44,
      "conf_high": 6.94,
      "conf_low": 6.889,
      "estimate": 6.914,
      "n": 27722
    },
    {
      "age": 45,
      "conf_high": 6.937,
      "conf_low": 6.885,
      "estimate": 6.911,
      "n": 34003
    },
    {
      "age": 46,
      "conf_high": 6.885,
      "conf_low": 6.833,
      "estimate": 6.859,
      "n": 31175
    },
    {
      "age": 47,
      "conf_high": 6.863,
      "conf_low": 6.811,
      "estimate": 6.837,
      "n": 33763
    },
    {
      "age": 48,
      "conf_high": 6.868,
      "conf_low": 6.818,
      "estimate": 6.843,
      "n": 34633
    },
    {
      "age": 49,
      "conf_high": 6.862,
      "conf_low": 6.809,
      "estimate": 6.835,
      "n": 34790
    },
    {
      "age": 50,
      "conf_high": 6.872,
      "conf_low": 6.828,
      "estimate": 6.85,
      "n": 49187
    },
    {
      "age": 51,
      "conf_high": 6.869,
      "conf_low": 6.819,
      "estimate": 6.844,
      "n": 35575
    },
    {
      "age": 52,
      "conf_high": 6.843,
      "conf_low": 6.795,
      "estimate": 6.819,
      "n": 43598
    },
    {
      "age": 53,
      "conf_high": 6.819,
      "conf_low": 6.771,
      "estimate": 6.795,
      "n": 41271
    },
    {
      "age": 54,
      "conf_high": 6.844,
      "conf_low": 6.797,
      "estimate": 6.821,
      "n": 42032
    },
    {
      "age": 55,
      "conf_high": 6.864,
      "conf_low": 6.82,
      "estimate": 6.842,
      "n": 47470
    },
    {
      "age": 56,
      "conf_high": 6.848,
      "conf_low": 6.804,
      "estimate": 6.826,
      "n": 43108
    },
    {
      "age": 57,
      "conf_high": 6.873,
      "conf_low": 6.831,
      "estimate": 6.852,
      "n": 44152
    },
    {
      "age": 58,
      "conf_high": 6.887,
      "conf_low": 6.845,
      "estimate": 6.866,
      "n": 45107
    },
    {
      "age": 59,
      "conf_high": 6.935,
      "conf_low": 6.891,
      "estimate": 6.913,
      "n": 44432
    },
    {
      "age": 60,
      "conf_high": 7.001,
      "conf_low": 6.961,
      "estimate": 6.981,
      "n": 54582
    },
    {
      "age": 61,
      "conf_high": 7.03,
      "conf_low": 6.986,
      "estimate": 7.008,
      "n": 41935
    },
    {
      "age": 62,
      "conf_high": 7.087,
      "conf_low": 7.051,
      "estimate": 7.069,
      "n": 51583
    },
    {
      "age": 63,
      "conf_high": 7.117,
      "conf_low": 7.075,
      "estimate": 7.096,
      "n": 46017
    },
    {
      "age": 64,
      "conf_high": 7.176,
      "conf_low": 7.135,
      "estimate": 7.155,
      "n": 46280
    },
    {
      "age": 65,
      "conf_high": 7.225,
      "conf_low": 7.186,
      "estimate": 7.206,
      "n": 53072
    },
    {
      "age": 66,
      "conf_high": 7.284,
      "conf_low": 7.242,
      "estimate": 7.263,
      "n": 43111
    },
    {
      "age": 67,
      "conf_high": 7.296,
      "conf_low": 7.256,
      "estimate": 7.276,
      "n": 44121
    },
    {
      "age": 68,
      "conf_high": 7.313,
      "conf_low": 7.269,
      "estimate": 7.291,
      "n": 42066
    },
    {
      "age": 69,
      "conf_high": 7.345,
      "conf_low": 7.301,
      "estimate": 7.323,
      "n": 38080
    },
    {
      "age": 70,
      "conf_high": 7.369,
      "conf_low": 7.326,
      "estimate": 7.347,
      "n": 46117
    },
    {
      "age": 71,
      "conf_high": 7.358,
      "conf_low": 7.307,
      "estimate": 7.332,
      "n": 33149
    },
    {
      "age": 72,
      "conf_high": 7.366,
      "conf_low": 7.319,
      "estimate": 7.343,
      "n": 35737
    },
    {
      "age": 73,
      "conf_high": 7.367,
      "conf_low": 7.319,
      "estimate": 7.343,
      "n": 32279
    },
    {
      "age": 74,
      "conf_high": 7.382,
      "conf_low": 7.332,
      "estimate": 7.357,
      "n": 29803
    },
    {
      "age": 75,
      "conf_high": 7.383,
      "conf_low": 7.335,
      "estimate": 7.359,
      "n": 32359
    },
    {
      "age": 76,
      "conf_high": 7.377,
      "conf_low": 7.325,
      "estimate": 7.351,
      "n": 26175
    },
    {
      "age": 77,
      "conf_high": 7.382,
      "conf_low": 7.329,
      "estimate": 7.356,
      "n": 25447
    },
    {
      "age": 78,
      "conf_high": 7.389,
      "conf_low": 7.334,
      "estimate": 7.361,
      "n": 24365
    },
    {
      "age": 79,
      "conf_high": 7.4,
      "conf_low": 7.347,
      "estimate": 7.373,
      "n": 21647
    },
    {
      "age": 80,
      "conf_high": 7.438,
      "conf_low": 7.387,
      "estimate": 7.412,
      "n": 26170
    },
    {
      "age": 81,
      "conf_high": 7.436,
      "conf_low": 7.375,
      "estimate": 7.406,
      "n": 18844
    },
    {
      "age": 82,
      "conf_high": 7.417,
      "conf_low": 7.354,
      "estimate": 7.385,
      "n": 19071
    },
    {
      "age": 83,
      "conf_high": 7.38,
      "conf_low": 7.314,
      "estimate": 7.347,
      "n": 17079
    },
    {
      "age": 84,
      "conf_high": 7.422,
      "conf_low": 7.353,
      "estimate": 7.387,
      "n": 14958
    },
    {
      "age": 85,
      "conf_high": 7.394,
      "conf_low": 7.323,
      "estimate": 7.358,
      "n": 14462
    },
    {
      "age": 86,
      "conf_high": 7.41,
      "conf_low": 7.331,
      "estimate": 7.37,
      "n": 10947
    },
    {
      "age": 87,
      "conf_high": 7.414,
      "conf_low": 7.32,
      "estimate": 7.367,
      "n": 9423
    },
    {
      "age": 88,
      "conf_high": 7.423,
      "conf_low": 7.334,
      "estimate": 7.379,
      "n": 8210
    },
    {
      "age": 89,
      "conf_high": 7.472,
      "conf_low": 7.362,
      "estimate": 7.417,
      "n": 5902
    },
    {
      "age": 90,
      "conf_high": 7.58,
      "conf_low": 7.467,
      "estimate": 7.523,
      "n": 5455
    },
    {
      "age": 91,
      "conf_high": 7.572,
      "conf_low": 7.434,
      "estimate": 7.503,
      "n": 3335
    },
    {
      "age": 92,
      "conf_high": 7.534,
      "conf_low": 7.36,
      "estimate": 7.447,
      "n": 2641
    },
    {
      "age": 93,
      "conf_high": 7.561,
      "conf_low": 7.359,
      "estimate": 7.46,
      "n": 1754
    },
    {
      "age": 94,
      "conf_high": 7.607,
      "conf_low": 7.347,
      "estimate": 7.477,
      "n": 1243
    }
  ],
  "id": "ladder_by_age",
  "notes": [
    "Each age is a different group of people interviewed in the same years, so a profile mixes age with birth cohort and does not follow anyone through life.",
    "Cells at the oldest ages hold fewer interviews, so their intervals are wider; the extract has no interviews above age {fact:age_94}.",
    "The ladder of 2008 is not used. Political questions that came before the ladder lowered it in 2008 and in the first months of 2009, and the extract has no interview month, so early 2009 interviews may carry part of the effect. Scores averaged {fact:ladder_year_2008} in 2008 and {fact:ladder_year_2009} in 2009, and the 2009 minus 2008 difference is between {fact:gap2008_lo} and {fact:gap2008_hi} ladder points in every age band.",
    "The ladder was asked of {fact:ladder_share_2009} of interviews in 2009, of nearly all in 2010 to 2012 and of {fact:ladder_share_late} from 2013 to 2017.",
    "Gallup's extract has no survey weights, so every estimate is unweighted and levels can differ from the weighted figures Gallup publishes. County comes from the respondent's ZIP code and is approximate near county lines."
  ],
  "source": "Gallup U.S. Daily, ladder 2009-2017; unweighted, intervals clustered by county",
  "spec": {
    "annotations": [
      {
        "label": "Lowest five-year average",
        "type": "x-rule",
        "x": 54
      }
    ],
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "x": "age",
    "xDomain": [
      18,
      94
    ],
    "xLabel": "Age at interview (years)",
    "xTicks": [
      20,
      30,
      40,
      50,
      60,
      70,
      80,
      90
    ],
    "y": "estimate",
    "yDomain": [
      6.7,
      7.7
    ],
    "yFormat": {
      "digits": 1
    },
    "yLabel": "Mean ladder score (0 to 10)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Unweighted mean Cantril ladder score by year of age, adults aged {fact:age_18} to {fact:age_94} interviewed by Gallup, 2009 to 2017",
  "title": "Mean life evaluation falls from {fact:ladder_18_24} among adults {fact:band_1824} to {fact:ladder_45_54} among adults {fact:band_4554} and is {fact:ladder_75_94} among adults {fact:band_7594}",
  "type": "line",
  "width": "wide"
}