{
  "alt": "Scatter plot of the smoking share against county median household income on a logarithmic axis. The dots form a cloud sloping down from the lowest-income counties on the left to the highest-income counties on the right, with a line of tenth-of-county shares that falls overall but is not smooth. Higher shares spread out among the lower-income counties.",
  "caption": "Dots drift down from left to right, and the line through the tenth-of-county shares falls but not at every step. Each dot is one of {fact:n_complete} large counties, with area in proportion to its births with a known answer. The line plots the pooled share in each tenth of counties ranked on income, with 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties.",
  "data": [
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      "births": 17160,
      "county": "Baldwin County, AL",
      "income": 71704,
      "share": 5.15
    },
    {
      "births": 9085,
      "county": "Calhoun County, AL",
      "income": 52772,
      "share": 11.61
    },
    {
      "births": 8291,
      "county": "Etowah County, AL",
      "income": 55487,
      "share": 9.2
    },
    {
      "births": 9150,
      "county": "Houston County, AL",
      "income": 56842,
      "share": 7.64
    },
    {
      "births": 56274,
      "county": "Jefferson County, AL",
      "income": 61996,
      "share": 2.81
    },
    {
      "births": 13383,
      "county": "Lee County, AL",
      "income": 59637,
      "share": 2.79
    },
    {
      "births": 30871,
      "county": "Madison County, AL",
      "income": 80426,
      "share": 4.14
    },
    {
      "births": 36143,
      "county": "Mobile County, AL",
      "income": 54315,
      "share": 5.4
    },
    {
      "births": 20991,
      "county": "Montgomery County, AL",
      "income": 56862,
      "share": 3.02
    },
    {
      "births": 10183,
      "county": "Morgan County, AL",
      "income": 62260,
      "share": 9.38
    },
    {
      "births": 16052,
      "county": "Shelby County, AL",
      "income": 98263,
      "share": 2.7
    },
    {
      "births": 17613,
      "county": "Tuscaloosa County, AL",
      "income": 60875,
      "share": 3.37
    },
    {
      "births": 25397,
      "county": "Anchorage Borough, AK",
      "income": 99162,
      "share": 5.15
    },
    {
      "births": 8855,
      "county": "Cochise County, AZ",
      "income": 55254,
      "share": 6.15
    },
    {
      "births": 9343,
      "county": "Coconino County, AZ",
      "income": 64016,
      "share": 2.24
    },
    {
      "births": 354234,
      "county": "Maricopa County, AZ",
      "income": 83668,
      "share": 2.41
    },
    {
      "births": 12222,
      "county": "Mohave County, AZ",
      "income": 54842,
      "share": 10.94
    },
    {
      "births": 8894,
      "county": "Navajo County, AZ",
      "income": 49948,
      "share": 5.73
    },
    {
      "births": 70533,
      "county": "Pima County, AZ",
      "income": 64007,
      "share": 4.14
    },
    {
      "births": 34615,
      "county": "Pinal County, AZ",
      "income": 76232,
      "share": 4.17
    },
    {
      "births": 12334,
      "county": "Yavapai County, AZ",
      "income": 64187,
      "share": 8.72
    },
    {
      "births": 20395,
      "county": "Yuma County, AZ",
      "income": 54209,
      "share": 1.73
    },
    {
      "births": 26446,
      "county": "Benton County, AR",
      "income": 86374,
      "share": 4.39
    },
    {
      "births": 10357,
      "county": "Faulkner County, AR",
      "income": 63429,
      "share": 7.01
    },
    {
      "births": 34300,
      "county": "Pulaski County, AR",
      "income": 57057,
      "share": 4.08
    },
    {
      "births": 9524,
      "county": "Saline County, AR",
      "income": 70330,
      "share": 6.72
    },
    {
      "births": 11184,
      "county": "Sebastian County, AR",
      "income": 52679,
      "share": 13.26
    },
    {
      "births": 22486,
      "county": "Washington County, AR",
      "income": 62100,
      "share": 4.57
    },
    {
      "births": 43713,
      "county": "Adams County, CO",
      "income": 89849,
      "share": 3.9
    },
    {
      "births": 52605,
      "county": "Arapahoe County, CO",
      "income": 93525,
      "share": 3.38
    },
    {
      "births": 17177,
      "county": "Boulder County, CO",
      "income": 96584,
      "share": 3.05
    },
    {
      "births": 63854,
      "county": "Denver County, CO",
      "income": 87619,
      "share": 2.94
    },
    {
      "births": 25857,
      "county": "Douglas County, CO",
      "income": 140768,
      "share": 1.44
    },
    {
      "births": 63657,
      "county": "El Paso County, CO",
      "income": 82248,
      "share": 2.95
    },
    {
      "births": 38524,
      "county": "Jefferson County, CO",
      "income": 102413,
      "share": 3.57
    },
    {
      "births": 21451,
      "county": "Larimer County, CO",
      "income": 88338,
      "share": 4.69
    },
    {
      "births": 10630,
      "county": "Mesa County, CO",
      "income": 69578,
      "share": 7.97
    },
    {
      "births": 11938,
      "county": "Pueblo County, CO",
      "income": 58314,
      "share": 8.55
    },
    {
      "births": 32098,
      "county": "Weld County, CO",
      "income": 90770,
      "share": 5.16
    },
    {
      "births": 69264,
      "county": "Fairfield County, CT",
      "income": 100703,
      "share": 0.8
    },
    {
      "births": 62361,
      "county": "Hartford County, CT",
      "income": 79958,
      "share": 2.61
    },
    {
      "births": 9943,
      "county": "Litchfield County, CT",
      "income": 84689,
      "share": 5
    },
    {
      "births": 9096,
      "county": "Middlesex County, CT",
      "income": 94735,
      "share": 2.86
    },
    {
      "births": 59057,
      "county": "New Haven County, CT",
      "income": 75094,
      "share": 3.15
    },
    {
      "births": 17367,
      "county": "New London County, CT",
      "income": 78552,
      "share": 4.35
    },
    {
      "births": 8040,
      "county": "Tolland County, CT",
      "income": 86430,
      "share": 3.4
    },
    {
      "births": 7251,
      "county": "Windham County, CT",
      "income": 71581,
      "share": 7.06
    },
    {
      "births": 14677,
      "county": "Kent County, DE",
      "income": 71866,
      "share": 7.02
    },
    {
      "births": 42417,
      "county": "New Castle County, DE",
      "income": 85427,
      "share": 4.37
    },
    {
      "births": 16347,
      "county": "Sussex County, DE",
      "income": 81188,
      "share": 7.18
    },
    {
      "births": 58922,
      "county": "District of Columbia, DC",
      "income": 99897,
      "share": 1.59
    },
    {
      "births": 18307,
      "county": "Alachua County, FL",
      "income": 58783,
      "share": 3.3
    },
    {
      "births": 14566,
      "county": "Bay County, FL",
      "income": 65521,
      "share": 4.82
    },
    {
      "births": 36399,
      "county": "Brevard County, FL",
      "income": 74899,
      "share": 5.84
    },
    {
      "births": 145116,
      "county": "Broward County, FL",
      "income": 70834,
      "share": 0.44
    },
    {
      "births": 7347,
      "county": "Charlotte County, FL",
      "income": 65040,
      "share": 7.51
    },
    {
      "births": 7206,
      "county": "Citrus County, FL",
      "income": 52534,
      "share": 12.14
    },
    {
      "births": 15562,
      "county": "Clay County, FL",
      "income": 84364,
      "share": 5.49
    },
    {
      "births": 88927,
      "county": "Duval County, FL",
      "income": 70203,
      "share": 3.97
    },
    {
      "births": 26002,
      "county": "Escambia County, FL",
      "income": 61634,
      "share": 7.33
    },
    {
      "births": 11396,
      "county": "Hernando County, FL",
      "income": 60582,
      "share": 6.9
    },
    {
      "births": 118938,
      "county": "Hillsborough County, FL",
      "income": 74091,
      "share": 2.68
    },
    {
      "births": 8688,
      "county": "Indian River County, FL",
      "income": 69462,
      "share": 4.52
    },
    {
      "births": 24964,
      "county": "Lake County, FL",
      "income": 67637,
      "share": 3.71
    },
    {
      "births": 50754,
      "county": "Lee County, FL",
      "income": 71607,
      "share": 2.27
    },
    {
      "births": 19699,
      "county": "Leon County, FL",
      "income": 61560,
      "share": 2.56
    },
    {
      "births": 25681,
      "county": "Manatee County, FL",
      "income": 72176,
      "share": 3.82
    },
    {
      "births": 25082,
      "county": "Marion County, FL",
      "income": 54517,
      "share": 6.04
    },
    {
      "births": 8810,
      "county": "Martin County, FL",
      "income": 80678,
      "share": 2.95
    },
    {
      "births": 203848,
      "county": "Miami-Dade County, FL",
      "income": 66952,
      "share": 0.33
    },
    {
      "births": 18394,
      "county": "Okaloosa County, FL",
      "income": 76663,
      "share": 6.73
    },
    {
      "births": 113897,
      "county": "Orange County, FL",
      "income": 72129,
      "share": 0.96
    },
    {
      "births": 32984,
      "county": "Osceola County, FL",
      "income": 63782,
      "share": 0.88
    },
    {
      "births": 103462,
      "county": "Palm Beach County, FL",
      "income": 76713,
      "share": 0.9
    },
    {
      "births": 37949,
      "county": "Pasco County, FL",
      "income": 65933,
      "share": 6.02
    },
    {
      "births": 52244,
      "county": "Pinellas County, FL",
      "income": 66427,
      "share": 5.59
    },
    {
      "births": 60104,
      "county": "Polk County, FL",
      "income": 61941,
      "share": 3.99
    },
    {
      "births": 16550,
      "county": "St. Johns County, FL",
      "income": 103757,
      "share": 2.76
    },
    {
      "births": 23841,
      "county": "St. Lucie County, FL",
      "income": 64038,
      "share": 3.04
    },
    {
      "births": 13753,
      "county": "Santa Rosa County, FL",
      "income": 82537,
      "share": 7.42
    },
    {
      "births": 20203,
      "county": "Sarasota County, FL",
      "income": 78309,
      "share": 3.2
    },
    {
      "births": 31335,
      "county": "Seminole County, FL",
      "income": 80296,
      "share": 1.63
    },
    {
      "births": 34159,
      "county": "Volusia County, FL",
      "income": 64601,
      "share": 5.03
    },
    {
      "births": 9290,
      "county": "Bartow County, GA",
      "income": 80017,
      "share": 5.87
    },
    {
      "births": 14374,
      "county": "Bibb County, GA",
      "income": 48539,
      "share": 5.57
    },
    {
      "births": 11113,
      "county": "Carroll County, GA",
      "income": 69924,
      "share": 6.63
    },
    {
      "births": 25199,
      "county": "Chatham County, GA",
      "income": 64029,
      "share": 2.04
    },
    {
      "births": 19635,
      "county": "Cherokee County, GA",
      "income": 99932,
      "share": 1.95
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    {
      "births": 9263,
      "county": "Clarke County, GA",
      "income": 49832,
      "share": 3.57
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    {
      "births": 24517,
      "county": "Clayton County, GA",
      "income": 57625,
      "share": 1.51
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    {
      "births": 61734,
      "county": "Cobb County, GA",
      "income": 96798,
      "share": 0.64
    },
    {
      "births": 11456,
      "county": "Columbia County, GA",
      "income": 94224,
      "share": 1.55
    },
    {
      "births": 11488,
      "county": "Coweta County, GA",
      "income": 87618,
      "share": 2.15
    },
    {
      "births": 70132,
      "county": "DeKalb County, GA",
      "income": 76736,
      "share": 0.55
    },
    {
      "births": 11749,
      "county": "Douglas County, GA",
      "income": 79242,
      "share": 2.55
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    {
      "births": 86437,
      "county": "Fulton County, GA",
      "income": 89798,
      "share": 0.81
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    {
      "births": 76767,
      "county": "Gwinnett County, GA",
      "income": 83918,
      "share": 0.53
    },
    {
      "births": 18680,
      "county": "Hall County, GA",
      "income": 76789,
      "share": 2.17
    },
    {
      "births": 19450,
      "county": "Henry County, GA",
      "income": 82379,
      "share": 1.84
    },
    {
      "births": 13798,
      "county": "Houston County, GA",
      "income": 71237,
      "share": 3.26
    },
    {
      "births": 11235,
      "county": "Lowndes County, GA",
      "income": 52623,
      "share": 3.9
    },
    {
      "births": 18898,
      "county": "Muscogee County, GA",
      "income": 53740,
      "share": 3.33
    },
    {
      "births": 12678,
      "county": "Paulding County, GA",
      "income": 87459,
      "share": 2.07
    },
    {
      "births": 18963,
      "county": "Richmond County, GA",
      "income": 50079,
      "share": 3.09
    },
    {
      "births": 8845,
      "county": "Whitfield County, GA",
      "income": 61680,
      "share": 8.64
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    {
      "births": 13721,
      "county": "Hawaii County, HI",
      "income": 71143,
      "share": 5.29
    },
    {
      "births": 78177,
      "county": "Honolulu County, HI",
      "income": 96304,
      "share": 0.98
    },
    {
      "births": 11460,
      "county": "Maui County, HI",
      "income": 89794,
      "share": 2.34
    },
    {
      "births": 35094,
      "county": "Ada County, ID",
      "income": 87748,
      "share": 3.21
    },
    {
      "births": 12619,
      "county": "Bonneville County, ID",
      "income": 74505,
      "share": 5.42
    },
    {
      "births": 22754,
      "county": "Canyon County, ID",
      "income": 70594,
      "share": 5.05
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    {
      "births": 13213,
      "county": "Kootenai County, ID",
      "income": 75583,
      "share": 5.87
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      "births": 14447,
      "county": "Champaign County, IL",
      "income": 61205,
      "share": 4.98
    },
    {
      "births": 383990,
      "county": "Cook County, IL",
      "income": 76614,
      "share": 1.23
    },
    {
      "births": 7336,
      "county": "DeKalb County, IL",
      "income": 71882,
      "share": 4.57
    },
    {
      "births": 68155,
      "county": "DuPage County, IL",
      "income": 102383,
      "share": 0.91
    },
    {
      "births": 40030,
      "county": "Kane County, IL",
      "income": 93475,
      "share": 1.52
    },
    {
      "births": 8124,
      "county": "Kankakee County, IL",
      "income": 70494,
      "share": 8.03
    },
    {
      "births": 47165,
      "county": "Lake County, IL",
      "income": 101621,
      "share": 1.47
    },
    {
      "births": 7651,
      "county": "LaSalle County, IL",
      "income": 64711,
      "share": 11.93
    },
    {
      "births": 21307,
      "county": "McHenry County, IL",
      "income": 99128,
      "share": 2.45
    },
    {
      "births": 11768,
      "county": "McLean County, IL",
      "income": 71825,
      "share": 6.26
    },
    {
      "births": 8211,
      "county": "Macon County, IL",
      "income": 60648,
      "share": 11.53
    },
    {
      "births": 18669,
      "county": "Madison County, IL",
      "income": 67441,
      "share": 8.96
    },
    {
      "births": 15369,
      "county": "Peoria County, IL",
      "income": 65421,
      "share": 9.19
    },
    {
      "births": 11015,
      "county": "Rock Island County, IL",
      "income": 62652,
      "share": 7.46
    },
    {
      "births": 19069,
      "county": "St. Clair County, IL",
      "income": 67185,
      "share": 8.16
    },
    {
      "births": 14427,
      "county": "Sangamon County, IL",
      "income": 73684,
      "share": 11.01
    },
    {
      "births": 9039,
      "county": "Tazewell County, IL",
      "income": 73285,
      "share": 9.55
    },
    {
      "births": 48876,
      "county": "Will County, IL",
      "income": 97076,
      "share": 2.09
    },
    {
      "births": 23007,
      "county": "Winnebago County, IL",
      "income": 62557,
      "share": 9.35
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    {
      "births": 36434,
      "county": "Allen County, IN",
      "income": 65967,
      "share": 6.36
    },
    {
      "births": 10024,
      "county": "Clark County, IN",
      "income": 68493,
      "share": 8.82
    },
    {
      "births": 7485,
      "county": "Delaware County, IN",
      "income": 54059,
      "share": 14.83
    },
    {
      "births": 20565,
      "county": "Elkhart County, IN",
      "income": 63777,
      "share": 6.54
    },
    {
      "births": 26730,
      "county": "Hamilton County, IN",
      "income": 117068,
      "share": 1.08
    },
    {
      "births": 12470,
      "county": "Hendricks County, IN",
      "income": 94760,
      "share": 3.7
    },
    {
      "births": 13190,
      "county": "Johnson County, IN",
      "income": 83036,
      "share": 7.22
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    {
      "births": 37599,
      "county": "Lake County, IN",
      "income": 66169,
      "share": 4.72
    },
    {
      "births": 7988,
      "county": "La Porte County, IN",
      "income": 66336,
      "share": 14.2
    },
    {
      "births": 9959,
      "county": "Madison County, IN",
      "income": 58926,
      "share": 14.33
    },
    {
      "births": 98302,
      "county": "Marion County, IN",
      "income": 62776,
      "share": 5.89
    },
    {
      "births": 7574,
      "county": "Monroe County, IN",
      "income": 64299,
      "share": 9.69
    },
    {
      "births": 11244,
      "county": "Porter County, IN",
      "income": 84352,
      "share": 5.55
    },
    {
      "births": 22894,
      "county": "St. Joseph County, IN",
      "income": 61028,
      "share": 6.36
    },
    {
      "births": 13904,
      "county": "Tippecanoe County, IN",
      "income": 56088,
      "share": 7.4
    },
    {
      "births": 14931,
      "county": "Vanderburgh County, IN",
      "income": 57997,
      "share": 9.65
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    {
      "births": 7850,
      "county": "Vigo County, IN",
      "income": 52286,
      "share": 14.76
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    {
      "births": 11181,
      "county": "Black Hawk County, IA",
      "income": 62020,
      "share": 10.06
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    {
      "births": 11741,
      "county": "Johnson County, IA",
      "income": 74909,
      "share": 2.67
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    {
      "births": 18297,
      "county": "Linn County, IA",
      "income": 74134,
      "share": 7.81
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    {
      "births": 45236,
      "county": "Polk County, IA",
      "income": 77369,
      "share": 6.53
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      "births": 13715,
      "county": "Scott County, IA",
      "income": 68576,
      "share": 8.09
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      "births": 9940,
      "county": "Woodbury County, IA",
      "income": 66830,
      "share": 11.03
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      "births": 7172,
      "county": "Douglas County, KS",
      "income": 67482,
      "share": 7.11
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      "births": 48396,
      "county": "Johnson County, KS",
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      "births": 46079,
      "county": "Sedgwick County, KS",
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      "county": "Taylor County, TX",
      "income": 61798,
      "share": 5.19
    },
    {
      "births": 10398,
      "county": "Tom Green County, TX",
      "income": 60348,
      "share": 3.65
    },
    {
      "births": 110483,
      "county": "Travis County, TX",
      "income": 95151,
      "share": 0.76
    },
    {
      "births": 10856,
      "county": "Wichita County, TX",
      "income": 56634,
      "share": 7.51
    },
    {
      "births": 53621,
      "county": "Williamson County, TX",
      "income": 101891,
      "share": 0.84
    },
    {
      "births": 14399,
      "county": "Cache County, UT",
      "income": 76631,
      "share": 1.11
    },
    {
      "births": 33922,
      "county": "Davis County, UT",
      "income": 103143,
      "share": 1.7
    },
    {
      "births": 105389,
      "county": "Salt Lake County, UT",
      "income": 91713,
      "share": 1.94
    },
    {
      "births": 83649,
      "county": "Utah County, UT",
      "income": 95085,
      "share": 0.77
    },
    {
      "births": 15947,
      "county": "Washington County, UT",
      "income": 75572,
      "share": 1.52
    },
    {
      "births": 24434,
      "county": "Weber County, UT",
      "income": 83465,
      "share": 3.07
    },
    {
      "births": 9528,
      "county": "Chittenden County, VT",
      "income": 86579,
      "share": 5.78
    },
    {
      "births": 28141,
      "county": "Chesterfield County, VA",
      "income": 100149,
      "share": 2.13
    },
    {
      "births": 25974,
      "county": "Henrico County, VA",
      "income": 82187,
      "share": 2.69
    },
    {
      "births": 43962,
      "county": "Prince William County, VA",
      "income": 119051,
      "share": 0.71
    },
    {
      "births": 11100,
      "county": "Spotsylvania County, VA",
      "income": 96322,
      "share": 4.94
    },
    {
      "births": 12619,
      "county": "Stafford County, VA",
      "income": 134456,
      "share": 2.6
    },
    {
      "births": 19782,
      "county": "Chesapeake city, VA",
      "income": 87127,
      "share": 2.85
    },
    {
      "births": 11050,
      "county": "Hampton city, VA",
      "income": 64086,
      "share": 4.24
    },
    {
      "births": 17847,
      "county": "Newport News city, VA",
      "income": 63350,
      "share": 4.93
    },
    {
      "births": 22033,
      "county": "Norfolk city, VA",
      "income": 60030,
      "share": 3.92
    },
    {
      "births": 20909,
      "county": "Richmond city, VA",
      "income": 58719,
      "share": 3.95
    },
    {
      "births": 36463,
      "county": "Virginia Beach city, VA",
      "income": 83066,
      "share": 2.65
    },
    {
      "births": 16984,
      "county": "Benton County, WA",
      "income": 85144,
      "share": 3.49
    },
    {
      "births": 37814,
      "county": "Clark County, WA",
      "income": 91149,
      "share": 4.94
    },
    {
      "births": 8288,
      "county": "Cowlitz County, WA",
      "income": 71847,
      "share": 11.17
    },
    {
      "births": 160419,
      "county": "King County, WA",
      "income": 116044,
      "share": 1.4
    },
    {
      "births": 18686,
      "county": "Kitsap County, WA",
      "income": 93794,
      "share": 4.59
    },
    {
      "births": 75556,
      "county": "Pierce County, WA",
      "income": 92793,
      "share": 4.9
    },
    {
      "births": 9428,
      "county": "Skagit County, WA",
      "income": 79118,
      "share": 4.38
    },
    {
      "births": 66529,
      "county": "Snohomish County, WA",
      "income": 101440,
      "share": 3.36
    },
    {
      "births": 39397,
      "county": "Spokane County, WA",
      "income": 69079,
      "share": 7.07
    },
    {
      "births": 20888,
      "county": "Thurston County, WA",
      "income": 88560,
      "share": 5.41
    },
    {
      "births": 13819,
      "county": "Whatcom County, WA",
      "income": 78796,
      "share": 3.99
    },
    {
      "births": 23695,
      "county": "Yakima County, WA",
      "income": 63058,
      "share": 2.95
    },
    {
      "births": 10628,
      "county": "Berkeley County, WV",
      "income": 70829,
      "share": 10.33
    },
    {
      "births": 11950,
      "county": "Kanawha County, WV",
      "income": 55160,
      "share": 18.63
    },
    {
      "births": 21072,
      "county": "Brown County, WI",
      "income": 72398,
      "share": 6.38
    },
    {
      "births": 39057,
      "county": "Dane County, WI",
      "income": 85189,
      "share": 3.19
    },
    {
      "births": 7094,
      "county": "Fond du Lac County, WI",
      "income": 71206,
      "share": 9.13
    },
    {
      "births": 11974,
      "county": "Kenosha County, WI",
      "income": 75067,
      "share": 6.31
    },
    {
      "births": 7870,
      "county": "La Crosse County, WI",
      "income": 70075,
      "share": 6.67
    },
    {
      "births": 10135,
      "county": "Marathon County, WI",
      "income": 70955,
      "share": 8.2
    },
    {
      "births": 83926,
      "county": "Milwaukee County, WI",
      "income": 58375,
      "share": 5.1
    },
    {
      "births": 14854,
      "county": "Outagamie County, WI",
      "income": 78808,
      "share": 6.01
    },
    {
      "births": 15141,
      "county": "Racine County, WI",
      "income": 72331,
      "share": 6.77
    },
    {
      "births": 12692,
      "county": "Rock County, WI",
      "income": 67430,
      "share": 9.05
    },
    {
      "births": 7883,
      "county": "Sheboygan County, WI",
      "income": 65008,
      "share": 7.41
    },
    {
      "births": 6319,
      "county": "Walworth County, WI",
      "income": 73723,
      "share": 6.31
    },
    {
      "births": 8771,
      "county": "Washington County, WI",
      "income": 90313,
      "share": 4.79
    },
    {
      "births": 26288,
      "county": "Waukesha County, WI",
      "income": 99525,
      "share": 2.48
    },
    {
      "births": 11894,
      "county": "Winnebago County, WI",
      "income": 69887,
      "share": 8.47
    }
  ],
  "id": "smoking_vs_income_counties",
  "notes": [
    "Large counties are the counties that CDC WONDER names individually: those with {fact:wonder_threshold} residents or more. WONDER pools the births of every smaller county in a state into one row, so smaller counties are not in these data. Of the {fact:n_named} large counties named in every year from 2018 to 2024, California ({fact:n_ca}) and {fact:n_dropped} counties with a withheld smoking count are left out, which leaves {fact:n_complete}.",
    "A county's smoking share is the births to mothers who reported smoking over the births with a known answer, Yes plus No. Births with an Unknown or Not Stated answer are left out of the denominator.",
    "County median household income is the County Health Rankings 2024 release, a Census Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates value for 2022. Its year differs from the births, which are from 2018 to 2024.",
    "Intervals are 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties (replicates and seed in the methods note). Births are full counts, so an interval shows how much a pooled share depends on which counties are in the group. Tenths hold equal numbers of counties."
  ],
  "source": "CDC WONDER natality, tobacco use during pregnancy, births in 2018-2024; full counts of births; counties ranked on County Health Rankings 2024 median household income (Census SAIPE 2022); tenths pooled by births, intervals from a bootstrap over counties",
  "spec": {
    "label": "county",
    "overlays": [
      {
        "hi": "hi",
        "kind": "line",
        "label": "Pooled share, tenths of counties by income",
        "lo": "lo",
        "n": "n_units",
        "rows": [
          {
            "hi": 8.01,
            "lo": 4.17,
            "n_units": 53,
            "x": 54059,
            "y": 5.7
          },
          {
            "hi": 7.35,
            "lo": 5.2,
            "n_units": 53,
            "x": 58719,
            "y": 6.16
          },
          {
            "hi": 6.67,
            "lo": 4.96,
            "n_units": 53,
            "x": 62412,
            "y": 5.74
          },
          {
            "hi": 7.01,
            "lo": 3.56,
            "n_units": 53,
            "x": 65779,
            "y": 5.1
          },
          {
            "hi": 5.84,
            "lo": 2.45,
            "n_units": 53,
            "x": 70594,
            "y": 3.72
          },
          {
            "hi": 4.5,
            "lo": 2.24,
            "n_units": 53,
            "x": 74206,
            "y": 3.13
          },
          {
            "hi": 4.43,
            "lo": 2.58,
            "n_units": 53,
            "x": 79524,
            "y": 3.39
          },
          {
            "hi": 3.91,
            "lo": 2.74,
            "n_units": 53,
            "x": 84689,
            "y": 3.22
          },
          {
            "hi": 2.78,
            "lo": 1.82,
            "n_units": 53,
            "x": 94760,
            "y": 2.27
          },
          {
            "hi": 2.06,
            "lo": 1.41,
            "n_units": 53,
            "x": 107649,
            "y": 1.7
          }
        ],
        "x": "x",
        "y": "y"
      }
    ],
    "size": "births",
    "sizeFormat": {
      "digits": 0,
      "thousands": true
    },
    "sizeLabel": "Births with a known answer, 2018 to 2024",
    "x": "income",
    "xDomain": [
      35000,
      150000
    ],
    "xFormat": {
      "digits": 0,
      "prefix": "$",
      "thousands": true
    },
    "xLabel": "County median household income (dollars, SAIPE 2022, log scale)",
    "xScale": "log",
    "y": "share",
    "yDomain": [
      0,
      22
    ],
    "yLabel": "Mothers who reported smoking (% of births with a known answer)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Share of births to mothers who reported smoking, 2018 to 2024, against county median household income (SAIPE 2022, log scale), one dot per county, with pooled shares for tenths of counties",
  "title": "Large counties with higher median household income have a lower share of births to mothers who smoked, from {fact:dec1_share} in the lowest-income tenth to {fact:dec10_share} in the highest",
  "type": "scatter",
  "width": "wide"
}