{
  "alt_adi_least": {
    "ci": [
      3.3,
      4.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.7%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean of the tract incarceration share of Black children from low-income families (2010 tract population as the weight), over the tracts where Black and white children are both estimated; 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties",
    "n": 2585,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the least deprived tenth of tracts ranked by Area Deprivation Index, among the tracts with all four rankings",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "Percent incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 3.7051,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "alt_adi_most": {
    "ci": [
      6,
      6.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "6.3%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean of the tract incarceration share of Black children from low-income families (2010 tract population as the weight), over the tracts where Black and white children are both estimated; 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties",
    "n": 2567,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the most deprived tenth of tracts ranked by Area Deprivation Index, among the tracts with all four rankings",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "Percent incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 6.34555,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "alt_adi_rho": {
    "display": "+1.00",
    "estimand": "Spearman rank correlation between bin order and bin mean, each bin counted once",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the bins of tracts ranked by Area Deprivation Index",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "rank correlation",
    "value": 1,
    "weights": "each bin counted once"
  },
  "alt_degree_least": {
    "ci": [
      3.7,
      4.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "4.1%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean of the tract incarceration share of Black children from low-income families (2010 tract population as the weight), over the tracts where Black and white children are both estimated; 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties",
    "n": 2582,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the least deprived tenth of tracts ranked by Bachelor's degree share, among the tracts with all four rankings",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "Percent incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 4.09799,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "alt_degree_most": {
    "ci": [
      5.9,
      6.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "6.2%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean of the tract incarceration share of Black children from low-income families (2010 tract population as the weight), over the tracts where Black and white children are both estimated; 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties",
    "n": 2583,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the most deprived tenth of tracts ranked by Bachelor's degree share, among the tracts with all four rankings",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "Percent incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 6.15925,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "alt_degree_rho": {
    "display": "+1.00",
    "estimand": "Spearman rank correlation between bin order and bin mean, each bin counted once",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the bins of tracts ranked by Bachelor's degree share",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "rank correlation",
    "value": 1,
    "weights": "each bin counted once"
  },
  "alt_income_least": {
    "ci": [
      3.5,
      4.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.8%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean of the tract incarceration share of Black children from low-income families (2010 tract population as the weight), over the tracts where Black and white children are both estimated; 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties",
    "n": 2582,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the least deprived tenth of tracts ranked by Median household income, among the tracts with all four rankings",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "Percent incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 3.79528,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "alt_income_most": {
    "ci": [
      5.9,
      6.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "6.2%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean of the tract incarceration share of Black children from low-income families (2010 tract population as the weight), over the tracts where Black and white children are both estimated; 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties",
    "n": 2583,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the most deprived tenth of tracts ranked by Median household income, among the tracts with all four rankings",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "Percent incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 6.17422,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "alt_income_rho": {
    "display": "+1.00",
    "estimand": "Spearman rank correlation between bin order and bin mean, each bin counted once",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the bins of tracts ranked by Median household income",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "rank correlation",
    "value": 1,
    "weights": "each bin counted once"
  },
  "alt_n_places": {
    "display": "25,827",
    "estimand": "count of tracts in the common sample of the ranking comparison",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "tracts with the outcome and all four rankings",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "tracts",
    "value": 25827,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "alt_rho_cut": {
    "display": "0.9",
    "estimand": "threshold between a steady and an uneven gradient",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the rule for changed gradients (docs/RANKING_SWITCH_RULE.md)",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "absolute rank correlation",
    "value": 0.9,
    "weights": "none (a fixed rule)"
  },
  "alt_rho_margin": {
    "display": "0.1",
    "estimand": "smallest move in the rank correlation that counts as a change of shape",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the rule for changed gradients (docs/RANKING_SWITCH_RULE.md)",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "absolute rank correlation",
    "value": 0.1,
    "weights": "none (a fixed rule)"
  },
  "alt_std_least": {
    "ci": [
      3.6,
      4.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.9%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean of the tract incarceration share of Black children from low-income families (2010 tract population as the weight), over the tracts where Black and white children are both estimated; 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties",
    "n": 2582,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the least deprived tenth of tracts ranked by Standardized index, among the tracts with all four rankings",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "Percent incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 3.92039,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "alt_std_most": {
    "ci": [
      6.1,
      6.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "6.4%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean of the tract incarceration share of Black children from low-income families (2010 tract population as the weight), over the tracts where Black and white children are both estimated; 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties",
    "n": 2583,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the most deprived tenth of tracts ranked by Standardized index, among the tracts with all four rankings",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "Percent incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 6.42558,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "alt_std_rho": {
    "display": "+0.98",
    "estimand": "Spearman rank correlation between bin order and bin mean, each bin counted once",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "the bins of tracts ranked by Standardized index",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "rank correlation",
    "value": 0.975758,
    "weights": "each bin counted once"
  },
  "arr_mid_x": {
    "ci": [
      1.5,
      3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.1",
    "estimand": "ratio of pooled rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the 10181 districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported count for all four stages",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "ratio of the school-related arrest rate in the middle third of districts to the rate in the least deprived third",
    "value": 2.10082,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "arr_terc_x": {
    "ci": [
      1.2,
      2.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.8",
    "estimand": "ratio of pooled rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the 10181 districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported count for all four stages",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "ratio of the school-related arrest rate in the most deprived third of districts to the rate in the least deprived third",
    "value": 1.78601,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "bw_black_cover": {
    "display": "71.3%",
    "estimand": "share of all Black enrollment that sits in the districts of the comparison",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "Black students in the reporting districts",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of Black students enrolled",
    "value": 71.3049,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "bw_equal_u": {
    "ci": [
      9.7,
      20.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "14.7%",
    "estimand": "share of districts, bootstrap interval over states",
    "n": 5156,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the Black-white comparison",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of districts in which the two rates are equal",
    "value": 14.7013,
    "weights": "none (each district counts once)"
  },
  "bw_floor": {
    "display": "50",
    "estimand": "minimum Black and minimum white enrollment (a rule, not an estimate)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the comparison",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students enrolled in each group",
    "value": 50,
    "weights": "none (inclusion rule)"
  },
  "bw_n": {
    "display": "5,156",
    "estimand": "count of districts with at least 50 Black and as many white students and a reported count for each",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "school districts (local education agencies) that reported to the Civil Rights Data Collection",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "school districts",
    "value": 5156,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "bw_students": {
    "display": "33.3 million",
    "estimand": "sum of total enrollment in the districts of the comparison",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "all students in the districts of the comparison",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students enrolled",
    "value": 33261648,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "bw_white_higher_u": {
    "ci": [
      17.3,
      22.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "19.9%",
    "estimand": "share of districts, bootstrap interval over states",
    "n": 5156,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the Black-white comparison",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of districts in which the white rate is higher than the Black rate",
    "value": 19.9185,
    "weights": "none (each district counts once)"
  },
  "cloud_above": {
    "display": "20",
    "estimand": "districts with a rate above the top of the scatter's vertical axis, which are in every estimate but not drawn",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the dose",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "school districts",
    "value": 20,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "cov_floor": {
    "display": "75%",
    "estimand": "minimum share of students in the districts that report a count (a rule, not an estimate)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties drawn and states ranked on the map",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of enrolled students",
    "value": 75,
    "weights": "none (inclusion rule)"
  },
  "exp_terc_x": {
    "ci": [
      1.9,
      3.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.7",
    "estimand": "ratio of pooled rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the 10181 districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported count for all four stages",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "ratio of the expulsion rate in the most deprived third of districts to the rate in the least deprived third",
    "value": 2.71629,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "fn_arr": {
    "ci": [
      0.22,
      0.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "0.26",
    "estimand": "enrollment-weighted mean of district rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the 10181 districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported count for all four stages",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students per 1,000 enrolled: school-related arrest",
    "value": 0.260204,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "fn_exp": {
    "ci": [
      0.65,
      0.84
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "0.74",
    "estimand": "enrollment-weighted mean of district rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the 10181 districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported count for all four stages",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students per 1,000 enrolled: expulsion",
    "value": 0.739587,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "fn_n": {
    "display": "10,181",
    "estimand": "count of districts in the funnel",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the dose with all four counts reported",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "school districts",
    "value": 10181,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "fn_oss": {
    "ci": [
      15,
      17.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "16.3",
    "estimand": "enrollment-weighted mean of district rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the 10181 districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported count for all four stages",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students per 1,000 enrolled: out-of-school suspension",
    "value": 16.2725,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "fn_ref": {
    "ci": [
      1.55,
      1.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.73",
    "estimand": "enrollment-weighted mean of district rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the 10181 districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported count for all four stages",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students per 1,000 enrolled: referral to law enforcement",
    "value": 1.72503,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "fn_zero_arr": {
    "display": "88.1%",
    "estimand": "share of districts (each counted once) whose count is zero",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the funnel",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of districts reporting a count of zero for school-related arrest",
    "value": 88.0856,
    "weights": "none (each district counts once)"
  },
  "fn_zero_exp": {
    "display": "75.5%",
    "estimand": "share of districts (each counted once) whose count is zero",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the funnel",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of districts reporting a count of zero for expulsion",
    "value": 75.5427,
    "weights": "none (each district counts once)"
  },
  "fn_zero_ref": {
    "display": "61.4%",
    "estimand": "share of districts (each counted once) whose count is zero",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the funnel",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of districts reporting a count of zero for referral to law enforcement",
    "value": 61.3594,
    "weights": "none (each district counts once)"
  },
  "inc_black": {
    "ci": [
      5,
      5.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "5.2%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 27795,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "Counting each tract once gives a similar mean.",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "Black children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in tracts where the Atlas also estimates the other group",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 5.17334,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_black_d1": {
    "ci": [
      3.4,
      4.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.8%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties; tenths hold equal numbers of tracts",
    "n": 2742,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "Black children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in the least deprived tenth of tracts that have both estimates and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 3.80228,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_black_d10": {
    "ci": [
      6.1,
      6.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "6.4%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties; tenths hold equal numbers of tracts",
    "n": 2769,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "Black children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in the most deprived tenth of tracts that have both estimates and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 6.36457,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_cross_diff": {
    "ci": [
      0.7,
      1.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.2",
    "estimand": "difference of two population-weighted tenth means, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 27690,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in tracts where the Atlas estimates both Black and white children and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percentage points of incarceration: Black children in the least deprived tenth of tracts minus white children in the most deprived tenth",
    "value": 1.20838,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_d1": {
    "ci": [
      1,
      1.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.1%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties; tenths hold equal numbers of tracts",
    "n": 7147,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), races pooled, in tracts that have an incarceration estimate and a deprivation rank, in the least deprived tenth of tracts",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 1.06474,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_d10": {
    "ci": [
      3.1,
      3.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.3%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties; tenths hold equal numbers of tracts",
    "n": 7233,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), races pooled, in tracts that have an incarceration estimate and a deprivation rank, in the most deprived tenth of tracts",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 3.29006,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_gap": {
    "ci": [
      3.1,
      3.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.2",
    "estimand": "mean over tracts of the Black minus white difference, population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 27795,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in tracts where the Atlas estimates both Black and white children",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percentage points of incarceration, Black minus white",
    "value": 3.23279,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_gap_d1": {
    "ci": [
      2.2,
      2.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.6",
    "estimand": "mean over tracts of the Black minus white difference, population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 2742,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in the least deprived tenth of tracts that have both estimates and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percentage points of incarceration, Black minus white",
    "value": 2.56838,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_gap_d10": {
    "ci": [
      3.4,
      4.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.8",
    "estimand": "mean over tracts of the Black minus white difference, population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 2769,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in the most deprived tenth of tracts that have both estimates and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percentage points of incarceration, Black minus white",
    "value": 3.77066,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_mean": {
    "ci": [
      2,
      2.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.1%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 71478,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "Counting each tract once gives a similar mean.",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), races pooled, in tracts that have an incarceration estimate and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 2.0742,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_n_shared": {
    "display": "27,795",
    "estimand": "count of tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "2010 census tracts with an incarceration estimate for Black and for white children and a positive 2010 population",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "tracts",
    "value": 27795,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "inc_n_tracts": {
    "display": "71,478",
    "estimand": "count of tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "2010 census tracts with an incarceration estimate, a deprivation rank and a positive 2010 population",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "tracts",
    "value": 71478,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "inc_r_adi": {
    "ci": [
      0.25,
      0.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+0.28",
    "estimand": "population-weighted correlation of the tract incarceration share with the tract deprivation rank, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 71478,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), races pooled, in tracts that have an incarceration estimate and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "correlation coefficient",
    "value": 0.278361,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      2.5,
      2.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.7",
    "estimand": "ratio of the population-weighted means over tracts, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 27795,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in tracts where the Atlas estimates both Black and white children",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "ratio of the Black to the white incarceration share",
    "value": 2.66592,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_ratio_d1": {
    "ci": [
      2.6,
      3.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.1",
    "estimand": "ratio of the population-weighted tenth means, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 2742,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in the least deprived tenth of tracts that have both estimates and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "ratio of the Black to the white incarceration share",
    "value": 3.0815,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_ratio_d10": {
    "ci": [
      2.2,
      2.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.5",
    "estimand": "ratio of the population-weighted tenth means, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 2769,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in the most deprived tenth of tracts that have both estimates and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "ratio of the Black to the white incarceration share",
    "value": 2.45366,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_ratio_fall": {
    "ci": [
      0.1,
      1.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "0.6",
    "estimand": "difference of two ratios of population-weighted tenth means, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 27690,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in tracts where the Atlas estimates both Black and white children and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "ratio of the Black to the white incarceration share in the least deprived tenth of tracts minus the ratio in the most deprived tenth",
    "value": 0.627835,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_share_bw": {
    "ci": [
      72.9,
      74.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "73.8%",
    "estimand": "share of tracts (each counted once), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 27795,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "Weighting tracts by 2010 population gives a similar share. Privacy noise pulls a share like this toward an even split.",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in tracts where the Atlas estimates both Black and white children",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of tracts in which the Black incarceration share is higher than the white share",
    "value": 73.8046,
    "weights": "none (each tract counts once)"
  },
  "inc_shared_counties": {
    "display": "1,468",
    "estimand": "count of counties",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "counties with at least one tract in the comparison",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "counties",
    "value": 1468,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "inc_shared_pop": {
    "display": "130.5 million",
    "estimand": "sum of 2010 census tract population",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2010 census",
    "population": "residents of the tracts in the same-tract comparison",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "people",
    "value": 130503887,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "inc_shared_pop_share": {
    "display": "42.3%",
    "estimand": "population of the same-tract comparison tracts as a share of the U.S. population",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2010 census",
    "population": "residents of the United States",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of the 2010 U.S. population",
    "value": 42.2691,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "inc_white": {
    "ci": [
      1.8,
      2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.9%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 27795,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "Counting each tract once gives a similar mean.",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "white children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in tracts where the Atlas also estimates the other group",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 1.94054,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_white_d1": {
    "ci": [
      1.1,
      1.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.2%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties; tenths hold equal numbers of tracts",
    "n": 2742,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "white children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in the least deprived tenth of tracts that have both estimates and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 1.23391,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "inc_white_d10": {
    "ci": [
      2.4,
      2.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.6%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties; tenths hold equal numbers of tracts",
    "n": 2769,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "white children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in the most deprived tenth of tracts that have both estimates and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 2.5939,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "map_floor": {
    "display": "500",
    "estimand": "minimum enrollment in a county's districts for the county to be drawn (a rule, not an estimate)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties on the map",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students enrolled",
    "value": 500,
    "weights": "none (inclusion rule)"
  },
  "map_key_top": {
    "display": "61",
    "estimand": "top of the map key, the 95th percentile of county rates rounded to a whole number; higher rates take the top color",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties drawn",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended per 1,000 enrolled",
    "value": 61,
    "weights": "none (each county counts once)"
  },
  "map_n_above_key": {
    "display": "143",
    "estimand": "count of counties with a rate above the top of the key",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties drawn",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "counties",
    "value": 143,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "map_n_below_floor": {
    "display": "240",
    "estimand": "count of counties whose assigned districts enroll fewer students than the floor",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties and county equivalents on the map",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "counties",
    "value": 240,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "map_n_drawn": {
    "display": "2,812",
    "estimand": "count of counties with a rate",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties and county equivalents on the map",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "counties",
    "value": 2812,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "map_n_no_district": {
    "display": "50",
    "estimand": "count of counties to which no district is assigned",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties and county equivalents on the map",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "counties",
    "value": 50,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "map_n_not_drawn": {
    "display": "331",
    "estimand": "count of counties with no rate",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties and county equivalents on the map",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "counties",
    "value": 331,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "map_n_partial": {
    "display": "8",
    "estimand": "count of counties whose assigned districts that report no count hold a quarter or more of the students",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties and county equivalents on the map",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "counties",
    "value": 8,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "map_n_unreported": {
    "display": "33",
    "estimand": "count of counties whose assigned districts all report no suspension count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties and county equivalents on the map",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "counties",
    "value": 33,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "map_top_cut": {
    "display": "48.0",
    "estimand": "90th percentile of county rates; counties at or above it are the highest tenth",
    "n": 2812,
    "nUnit": "counties",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties drawn",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended out of school at least once per 1,000 students enrolled",
    "value": 47.9932,
    "weights": "none (each county counts once)"
  },
  "map_top_min": {
    "display": "15",
    "estimand": "minimum number of counties in the highest tenth for a state to be named (a rule, not an estimate)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "states named on the map",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "counties in the highest tenth",
    "value": 15,
    "weights": "none (inclusion rule)"
  },
  "map_top_n": {
    "display": "282",
    "estimand": "count of counties at or above the 90th percentile",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties in the highest tenth of county rates",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "counties",
    "value": 282,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "map_top_states_min_share": {
    "display": "25.3%",
    "estimand": "the smallest, over those states, of the share of the state's drawn counties in the highest tenth",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "drawn counties in the states that meet the rule",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of a state's drawn counties that are in the highest tenth of rates",
    "value": 25.3333,
    "weights": "none (each county counts once)"
  },
  "map_top_states_n": {
    "display": "6",
    "estimand": "count of states that meet the rule",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "states with at least the minimum number of counties in the highest tenth",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "states",
    "value": 6,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "map_top_states_share": {
    "display": "61.0%",
    "estimand": "share of those counties that lie in the states that meet the rule",
    "n": 282,
    "nUnit": "counties",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "counties in the highest tenth of county rates",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of counties in the highest tenth of rates",
    "value": 60.9929,
    "weights": "none (each county counts once)"
  },
  "n_big_blackhi": {
    "display": "20",
    "estimand": "count of districts whose Black suspension rate is higher than the white rate",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "the 24 districts with the most Black students among those compared",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "school districts",
    "value": 20,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "n_dumbbell": {
    "display": "24",
    "estimand": "count of districts drawn (chosen by Black enrollment, not by their rates)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts with the most Black students among those compared",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "school districts",
    "value": 24,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "n_lea": {
    "display": "17,821",
    "estimand": "count of reporting districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "school districts (local education agencies) that reported to the Civil Rights Data Collection",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "school districts",
    "value": 17821,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "n_states_ranked": {
    "display": "38",
    "estimand": "count of states ranked on state rates (DC and Puerto Rico left out)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "states where the districts in the analysis hold at least the coverage floor of enrolled students",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "states",
    "value": 38,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "oss_black": {
    "ci": [
      22.7,
      39.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "30.7",
    "estimand": "Black students suspended over Black students enrolled, pooled over districts, bootstrap interval over states",
    "n": 5156,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "Black students enrolled in the 5156 districts with at least 50 Black and as many white students and a reported suspension count for each group",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended out of school at least once per 1,000 students enrolled",
    "value": 30.7455,
    "weights": "Black enrollment"
  },
  "oss_cover_districts": {
    "display": "57.6%",
    "estimand": "share of reporting districts that enter the dose",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "school districts (local education agencies) that reported to the Civil Rights Data Collection",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of reporting districts",
    "value": 57.5557,
    "weights": "none (each district counts once)"
  },
  "oss_cover_enrollment": {
    "display": "78.4%",
    "estimand": "share of all enrollment that sits in the districts of the dose",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in reporting districts",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of enrolled students",
    "value": 78.434,
    "weights": "enrollment (full count)"
  },
  "oss_d1": {
    "ci": [
      2.4,
      4.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.1",
    "estimand": "enrollment-weighted mean of district rates (students suspended over students enrolled), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 1025,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in school districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported suspension count in the least deprived tenth of districts by deprivation rank",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended out of school at least once per 1,000 students enrolled",
    "value": 3.12118,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_d10": {
    "ci": [
      20.2,
      27.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "23.6",
    "estimand": "enrollment-weighted mean of district rates (students suspended over students enrolled), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 1022,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in school districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported suspension count in the most deprived tenth of districts by deprivation rank",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended out of school at least once per 1,000 students enrolled",
    "value": 23.6427,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_d4": {
    "ci": [
      17.3,
      23.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "20.1",
    "estimand": "enrollment-weighted mean of district rates (students suspended over students enrolled), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 1025,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in school districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported suspension count in the fourth most deprived tenth of districts by deprivation rank",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended out of school at least once per 1,000 students enrolled",
    "value": 20.0869,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_enrollment": {
    "display": "38.7 million",
    "estimand": "sum of enrollment in the districts of the dose",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "school districts (local education agencies) that reported to the Civil Rights Data Collection in the dose",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students enrolled",
    "value": 38717005,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "oss_floor": {
    "display": "100",
    "estimand": "minimum enrollment for a district to enter (a rule, not an estimate)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the dose, funnel and map",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students enrolled",
    "value": 100,
    "weights": "none (inclusion rule)"
  },
  "oss_fold": {
    "ci": [
      5.5,
      10.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "7.6",
    "estimand": "ratio of pooled rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10257,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in school districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported suspension count",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "ratio of the suspension rate in the most deprived tenth of districts to the rate in the least deprived tenth",
    "value": 7.57495,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_missing_n": {
    "display": "38",
    "estimand": "count of districts left out of the dose, funnel and map for want of a count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts that have a deprivation rank and at least 100 students but report no suspension count",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "school districts",
    "value": 38,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "oss_missing_students": {
    "display": "6.2 million",
    "estimand": "sum of enrollment in those districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students in the districts that report no suspension count",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students enrolled",
    "value": 6164544,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "oss_n": {
    "display": "10,257",
    "estimand": "count of districts in the dose, funnel and map",
    "n": 10257,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported suspension count",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "school districts",
    "value": 10257,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "oss_peak": {
    "ci": [
      24.1,
      29.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "26.9",
    "estimand": "enrollment-weighted mean of district rates (students suspended over students enrolled), bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 1026,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in school districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported suspension count in the tenth of districts with the highest mean rate",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended out of school at least once per 1,000 students enrolled",
    "value": 26.8881,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_peak_decile": {
    "display": "8",
    "estimand": "decile with the highest enrollment-weighted mean rate",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the dose",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "decile of the district deprivation rank (1 = least deprived, 10 = most)",
    "value": 8,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_peak_vs_d10": {
    "ci": [
      -0.9,
      7.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+3.2",
    "estimand": "difference of two enrollment-weighted decile means, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10257,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in school districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported suspension count",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended per 1,000 enrolled: the highest tenth's rate minus the most deprived tenth's rate",
    "value": 3.24533,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_r": {
    "ci": [
      0.37,
      0.46
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+0.42",
    "estimand": "enrollment-weighted correlation of the district suspension rate with the district deprivation rank, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10257,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in school districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported suspension count",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "correlation coefficient",
    "value": 0.418544,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_r_state": {
    "ci": [
      0.31,
      0.51
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+0.42",
    "estimand": "the same correlation with a bootstrap interval that resamples whole states",
    "n": 10257,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in school districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported suspension count",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "correlation coefficient",
    "value": 0.418544,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      2.1,
      2.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.2",
    "estimand": "observed Black suspensions over expected suspensions at the district's white rate, pooled, bootstrap interval over states",
    "n": 5156,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "Black students enrolled in the 5156 districts with at least 50 Black and as many white students and a reported suspension count for each group",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "ratio of Black students suspended to the number expected if each district's Black students were suspended at its white rate",
    "value": 2.24017,
    "weights": "Black enrollment"
  },
  "oss_share_unwt": {
    "ci": [
      57.5,
      72.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "65.4%",
    "estimand": "share of districts, bootstrap interval over states",
    "n": 5156,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the Black-white comparison",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of districts in which the Black rate is higher than the white rate",
    "value": 65.3801,
    "weights": "none (each district counts once)"
  },
  "oss_share_wt": {
    "ci": [
      77.1,
      88.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "84.0%",
    "estimand": "share of districts, weighted by Black enrollment, bootstrap interval over states",
    "n": 5156,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "districts in the Black-white comparison",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of districts in which the Black rate is higher than the white rate",
    "value": 83.9611,
    "weights": "Black enrollment"
  },
  "oss_slope_fe": {
    "ci": [
      1.3,
      2.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.9",
    "estimand": "enrollment-weighted regression of the district rate on the deprivation rank with state fixed effects, errors clustered by state",
    "n": 10257,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in school districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported suspension count",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended per 1,000 enrolled, for each ten-point step in the district deprivation rank",
    "value": 1.94864,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_students_total": {
    "display": "651,832",
    "estimand": "sum of the schools' counts over all districts; a student suspended at two schools counts at each, and school cells coded as suppressed or not reported add nothing",
    "note": "Districts report their own counts. The sum counts a student once for each school where they were suspended.",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students in the reporting districts",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended out of school at least once, counted once for each school",
    "value": 651832,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "oss_terc_x": {
    "ci": [
      2.2,
      3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.6",
    "estimand": "ratio of pooled rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the 10181 districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported count for all four stages",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "ratio of the suspension rate in the most deprived third of districts to the rate in the least deprived third",
    "value": 2.59726,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "oss_white_same": {
    "ci": [
      10.1,
      17
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "13.7",
    "estimand": "mean of district white rates weighted by Black enrollment, bootstrap interval over states",
    "n": 5156,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "white students, at the white rate of each district weighted by that district's Black enrollment",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended out of school at least once per 1,000 students enrolled",
    "value": 13.7247,
    "weights": "Black enrollment"
  },
  "ref_mid_x": {
    "ci": [
      1.3,
      2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.7",
    "estimand": "ratio of pooled rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the 10181 districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported count for all four stages",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "ratio of the referral to law enforcement rate in the middle third of districts to the rate in the least deprived third",
    "value": 1.65093,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "ref_terc_x": {
    "ci": [
      1.2,
      1.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.5",
    "estimand": "ratio of pooled rates, bootstrap interval over counties",
    "n": 10181,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the 10181 districts that have a deprivation rank, at least 100 students and a reported count for all four stages",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "ratio of the referral to law enforcement rate in the most deprived third of districts to the rate in the least deprived third",
    "value": 1.46304,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "state_high": {
    "display": "43.6",
    "estimand": "pooled students suspended over students enrolled in the state's districts of the dose",
    "n": 218,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the state with the highest rate among the ranked states, in districts of the dose",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended out of school at least once per 1,000 students enrolled",
    "value": 43.567,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "state_high_cov": {
    "display": "93.2%",
    "estimand": "enrollment of the state's districts in the dose over enrollment of all its reporting districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the state's reporting districts",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of the state's enrolled students in the districts of the dose",
    "value": 93.1864,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "state_low": {
    "display": "3.1",
    "estimand": "pooled students suspended over students enrolled in the state's districts of the dose",
    "n": 225,
    "nUnit": "districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the state with the lowest rate among the ranked states, in districts of the dose",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "students suspended out of school at least once per 1,000 students enrolled",
    "value": 3.06796,
    "weights": "district enrollment"
  },
  "state_low_cov": {
    "display": "96.4%",
    "estimand": "enrollment of the state's districts in the dose over enrollment of all its reporting districts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-21 school year",
    "population": "students enrolled in the state's reporting districts",
    "source": "crdc",
    "unit": "percent of the state's enrolled students in the districts of the dose",
    "value": 96.3521,
    "weights": "none (full count)"
  },
  "us_inc_black": {
    "ci": [
      5,
      5.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "5.2%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties; all ten tenths pooled",
    "n": 27690,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "Black children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in all the tracts that have both estimates and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 5.1735,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  },
  "us_inc_white": {
    "ci": [
      1.8,
      2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.9%",
    "estimand": "population-weighted mean over tracts (2010 tract population as the weight), bootstrap interval over counties; all ten tenths pooled",
    "n": 27690,
    "nUnit": "tracts",
    "note": "",
    "period": "children born 1978 to 1983, incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "population": "white children raised in low-income families (parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution), in all the tracts that have both estimates and a deprivation rank",
    "source": "opportunity-atlas",
    "unit": "percent of children incarcerated on April 1, 2010",
    "value": 1.94293,
    "weights": "2010 census tract population"
  }
}