{
  "alt": "Map of New York City census tracts shaded by life expectancy at birth in classes of years, from the low end to the high end of the key, with gray tracts that have no value. Every borough holds tracts in several classes of the key, and the borough means lie closer together than the tracts within any one borough do.",
  "caption": "Tracts in several classes of the key appear inside every borough: the tracts of each span at least {fact:nyc_borough_range_min} years between the 5th and 95th percentile, {fact:nyc_borough_range_min_net} years net of estimation error, and the five borough means lie within {fact:nyc_borough_mean_range} years of one another. Each tract is shaded by a modeled estimate with a median standard error of {fact:nyc_se_median} years, so part of every difference between shades is estimation error; the tooltip gives the 95% interval, the standard error and the ADI national percentile. Gray tracts have no value, and the tooltip says why.",
  "data": [],
  "id": "nyc_le_map",
  "notes": [
    "The unit is the 2020 census tract. Life expectancy is the USALEEP estimate for deaths in 2010 to 2015, which the National Center for Health Statistics built on 2010 tracts and which is area-weighted onto 2020 tracts here, so the estimate for a 2020 tract blends the 2010 tracts that overlap it and its standard error is mapping grade, which understates the error. Every shade is a modeled estimate with a standard error (the median is {fact:nyc_se_median} years), and the interval in the tooltip is a normal-approximation 95% interval built from the standard error.",
    "Taking the published standard errors at face value, estimation error makes up {fact:nyc_noise} of the variance of these estimates. If the errors of neighboring tracts are independent, the difference between two neighbors carries the sum of their error variances, so a map of noisy estimates exaggerates the contrast between neighbors. That is why the pairs figure chooses its pairs on the ADI, which shares no sampling error with life expectancy. This map marks no tract.",
    "{fact:nyc_n_shaded} tracts are shaded: the non-institutional tracts of the five counties of New York City (Bronx, Kings, New York, Queens and Richmond) that have a life expectancy estimate, an ACS 2019-2023 population above zero and an ADI rank, which is the sample of the gradient. {fact:nyc_n_gray} are gray because the tract has no residents in the survey, no published estimate, an institutional population or no ADI rank; the tooltip names which.",
    "Ranges are population-weighted 5th and 95th percentiles of tract estimates, and borough means are population-weighted. A range of tract estimates and a spread of borough means are not the same kind of contrast, and the range includes estimation error. The range net of error shrinks each tract estimate toward its borough mean by the square root of one minus the borough's share of variance that is estimation error, as in the county spread figure, and is an upper bound because the 2020-tract errors are mapping grade."
  ],
  "source": "USALEEP life expectancy at birth, 2010-2015, area-weighted onto 2020 tracts; Area Deprivation Index, 2023; ACS 2019-2023 population; population-weighted ranges; modeled estimates",
  "spec": {
    "geoid": "geoid",
    "legendLabel": "Life expectancy at birth (years), deaths in 2010 to 2015",
    "payload": "nyc_le_map.json",
    "region": "nyc",
    "scale": {
      "ends": [
        "Lower life expectancy",
        "Higher life expectancy"
      ],
      "palette": "seq",
      "thresholds": [
        75,
        78,
        80,
        82,
        84,
        87
      ],
      "type": "threshold"
    },
    "tooltipKeys": [
      "se",
      "adi"
    ],
    "tooltipLabels": {
      "adi": "Deprivation rank (ADI national percentile, 1 least, 100 most deprived)",
      "se": "Standard error (years)"
    },
    "value": "le",
    "valueFormat": {
      "digits": 1
    }
  },
  "subtitle": "Life expectancy at birth of {fact:nyc_n_shaded} census tracts in the five boroughs of New York City, deaths in 2010 to 2015, on 2020 tracts; {fact:nyc_n_gray} tracts are gray because they have no value",
  "title": "Within every New York City borough, the 5th to 95th percentile of tract life expectancy spans at least {fact:nyc_borough_range_min} years, while the borough means lie within {fact:nyc_borough_mean_range} years of one another",
  "type": "tract-map",
  "width": "full"
}