{
  "alt": "Dumbbell chart with one row per group of adults {fact:band_young}, in blocks for all adults, sex, household income, education and metro status. In every row the 2022 to 2024 dot is to the right of the 2014 to 2016 dot. The rise is larger for women than for men and larger in the second income bracket than in the lowest, and the metro-status rows have long intervals.",
  "caption": "In every row the 2022 to 2024 dot is to the right of the 2014 to 2016 dot, and the interval for the rise clears zero in every row except the metro-status rows, where it clears zero in {fact:metro_n_positive} of the four. The open dot is 2014 to 2016 and the filled dot 2022 to 2024, each with a 95% interval; the last column is the rise in points. The rise is larger for women than for men and larger in the second household income bracket than in the lowest, and the metro-status rows have wide intervals because few respondents carry a metro code in recent years.",
  "data": [
    {
      "dimension": "All",
      "early": 13.33,
      "early_high": 13.74,
      "early_low": 12.93,
      "label": "All adults 18 to 24",
      "late": 23.43,
      "late_high": 23.95,
      "late_low": 22.91,
      "n_early": 72087,
      "n_late": 79822,
      "rise": 10.1,
      "rise_high": 10.76,
      "rise_low": 9.44
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Sex",
      "early": 10.65,
      "early_high": 11.16,
      "early_low": 10.16,
      "label": "Men",
      "late": 18.14,
      "late_high": 18.77,
      "late_low": 17.52,
      "n_early": 37580,
      "n_late": 45502,
      "rise": 7.49,
      "rise_high": 8.29,
      "rise_low": 6.69
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Sex",
      "early": 16.16,
      "early_high": 16.82,
      "early_low": 15.52,
      "label": "Women",
      "late": 28.97,
      "late_high": 29.81,
      "late_low": 28.15,
      "n_early": 34499,
      "n_late": 34320,
      "rise": 12.82,
      "rise_high": 13.88,
      "rise_low": 11.76
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Household income",
      "early": 16.92,
      "early_high": 17.93,
      "early_low": 15.96,
      "label": "Under $20,000",
      "late": 25.74,
      "late_high": 27.58,
      "late_low": 23.98,
      "n_early": 13932,
      "n_late": 6442,
      "rise": 8.82,
      "rise_high": 10.86,
      "rise_low": 6.77
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Household income",
      "early": 13.24,
      "early_high": 14.17,
      "early_low": 12.37,
      "label": "$20,000 to $34,999",
      "late": 28.38,
      "late_high": 29.81,
      "late_low": 27,
      "n_early": 13656,
      "n_late": 12185,
      "rise": 15.14,
      "rise_high": 16.81,
      "rise_low": 13.48
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Household income",
      "early": 11.66,
      "early_high": 12.93,
      "early_low": 10.51,
      "label": "$35,000 to $49,999",
      "late": 24.35,
      "late_high": 25.88,
      "late_low": 22.88,
      "n_early": 7745,
      "n_late": 9476,
      "rise": 12.68,
      "rise_high": 14.61,
      "rise_low": 10.76
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Household income",
      "early": 11.9,
      "early_high": 13.31,
      "early_low": 10.62,
      "label": "$50,000 to $74,999",
      "late": 21.88,
      "late_high": 23.37,
      "late_low": 20.46,
      "n_early": 6523,
      "n_late": 9518,
      "rise": 9.97,
      "rise_high": 11.95,
      "rise_low": 7.99
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Household income",
      "early": 11.55,
      "early_high": 12.62,
      "early_low": 10.55,
      "label": "$75,000 or more",
      "late": 21.06,
      "late_high": 22.17,
      "late_low": 19.99,
      "n_early": 11152,
      "n_late": 17893,
      "rise": 9.51,
      "rise_high": 11.01,
      "rise_low": 8.01
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Education",
      "early": 17.28,
      "early_high": 18.81,
      "early_low": 15.85,
      "label": "Did not finish high school",
      "late": 23.82,
      "late_high": 25.7,
      "late_low": 22.03,
      "n_early": 5549,
      "n_late": 5785,
      "rise": 6.54,
      "rise_high": 8.89,
      "rise_low": 4.18
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Education",
      "early": 13.44,
      "early_high": 14.13,
      "early_low": 12.78,
      "label": "High school graduate",
      "late": 24.05,
      "late_high": 24.85,
      "late_low": 23.26,
      "n_early": 26802,
      "n_late": 34737,
      "rise": 10.61,
      "rise_high": 11.66,
      "rise_low": 9.57
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Education",
      "early": 13.29,
      "early_high": 13.95,
      "early_low": 12.66,
      "label": "Some college or technical school",
      "late": 24.42,
      "late_high": 25.36,
      "late_low": 23.51,
      "n_early": 27183,
      "n_late": 23430,
      "rise": 11.13,
      "rise_high": 12.27,
      "rise_low": 10
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Education",
      "early": 8.95,
      "early_high": 9.68,
      "early_low": 8.26,
      "label": "College graduate",
      "late": 18.62,
      "late_high": 19.64,
      "late_low": 17.64,
      "n_early": 12255,
      "n_late": 15515,
      "rise": 9.67,
      "rise_high": 10.9,
      "rise_low": 8.45
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Metro status (respondents with a code)",
      "early": 12.08,
      "early_high": 13.66,
      "early_low": 10.66,
      "label": "Center city of a metro area",
      "late": 16.25,
      "late_high": 23.34,
      "late_low": 11.01,
      "n_early": 4713,
      "n_late": 295,
      "rise": 4.18,
      "rise_high": 10.49,
      "rise_low": -2.13
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Metro status (respondents with a code)",
      "early": 15.06,
      "early_high": 17.95,
      "early_low": 12.57,
      "label": "Outside the center city, in its county",
      "late": 25.59,
      "late_high": 43.99,
      "late_low": 13.09,
      "n_early": 2311,
      "n_late": 103,
      "rise": 10.53,
      "rise_high": 26.48,
      "rise_low": -5.43
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Metro status (respondents with a code)",
      "early": 12.32,
      "early_high": 15.04,
      "early_low": 10.03,
      "label": "Suburban county of a metro area",
      "late": 19.55,
      "late_high": 30.57,
      "late_low": 11.82,
      "n_early": 1592,
      "n_late": 160,
      "rise": 7.23,
      "rise_high": 16.91,
      "rise_low": -2.45
    },
    {
      "dimension": "Metro status (respondents with a code)",
      "early": 13.39,
      "early_high": 15.71,
      "early_low": 11.36,
      "label": "Not in a metro area",
      "late": 22.89,
      "late_high": 31.79,
      "late_low": 15.9,
      "n_early": 3958,
      "n_late": 384,
      "rise": 9.5,
      "rise_high": 17.75,
      "rise_low": 1.24
    }
  ],
  "id": "young_rise_by_group",
  "notes": [
    "Respondents are adults in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Each survey year is a new sample, not the same people followed over time, and every interval is design-based (final weight, stratum and primary sampling unit).",
    "Household income brackets are in current dollars and are not adjusted for prices. Education is the highest level completed, so adults 18 to 24 are at different stages of schooling. Household income and education are missing for some respondents, who are left out of those rows.",
    "Metro status is coded for only part of the respondents, and the share falls over time: {fact:metro_cov_early} of adults in 2014 to 2016 and {fact:metro_cov_late} in 2022 to 2024. The recent metro-status rows rest on {fact:metro_n_min} to {fact:metro_n_max} respondents each."
  ],
  "source": "CDC BRFSS, 2014-2016 and 2022-2024, adults in the 50 states and DC; weighted (BRFSS final weight), design-based intervals",
  "spec": {
    "deltaLabel": "Rise (points)",
    "group": "dimension",
    "hi1": "early_high",
    "hi2": "late_high",
    "label1": "2014 to 2016",
    "label2": "2022 to 2024",
    "lo1": "early_low",
    "lo2": "late_low",
    "n1": "n_early",
    "n2": "n_late",
    "sort": "data",
    "x1": "early",
    "x2": "late",
    "xDomain": [
      0,
      46
    ],
    "xFormat": {
      "digits": 1
    },
    "xLabel": "Adults 18 to 24 with frequent mental distress (%)",
    "y": "label"
  },
  "subtitle": "Adults 18 to 24 reporting 14 or more of the past 30 days with mental health not good, percent, 2014 to 2016 and 2022 to 2024, by group, 50 states and DC",
  "table": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "dimension",
        "label": "Dimension"
      },
      {
        "key": "label",
        "label": "Group"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "early",
        "label": "2014 to 2016 (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "late",
        "label": "2022 to 2024 (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "rise",
        "label": "Rise (points)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "rise_low",
        "label": "Rise, lower limit"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "rise_high",
        "label": "Rise, upper limit"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "thousands": true
        },
        "key": "n_early",
        "label": "Respondents, 2014 to 2016"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "thousands": true
        },
        "key": "n_late",
        "label": "Respondents, 2022 to 2024"
      }
    ]
  },
  "title": "Frequent distress among adults {fact:band_young} rose from {fact:young_early_all} to {fact:young_late_all}, and rose in every group by sex, household income and education",
  "type": "dumbbell"
}