{
  "alt": "Dot plot of differences in percentage points between the most and least deprived tenth of counties, with three dots for each of seven feelings: as interviewed, at the same characteristics and nominal income, and with county rent added. Physical pain is far to the right of zero as interviewed and much closer to zero, but still right of it, in the other two. Sadness is slightly right of zero as interviewed, and stress is left of zero in the first two. The other feelings sit within a few points of zero.",
  "caption": "Pain and sadness are more common in the most deprived tenth, stress is less common, and the pain gap shrinks to a fraction of the raw one but stays above zero when characteristics and county rent are allowed for. Each dot is a difference in unweighted shares with a 95% interval clustered by county; the other two dots per feeling compare respondents within cells of five-year age band, sex, race, three-level education and household income bracket, and then add a quintile of county rent.",
  "data": [
    {
      "basis": "As interviewed",
      "conf_high": -0.35,
      "conf_low": -2.1,
      "estimate": -1.23,
      "feeling": "Enjoyment",
      "n": 525461,
      "n_units": 1250
    },
    {
      "basis": "Same age, sex, race, education and nominal income",
      "conf_high": 2.16,
      "conf_low": 0.99,
      "estimate": 1.58,
      "feeling": "Enjoyment",
      "n": 412511,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "Plus county rent level",
      "conf_high": -0.09,
      "conf_low": -1.23,
      "estimate": -0.66,
      "feeling": "Enjoyment",
      "n": 412511,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "As interviewed",
      "conf_high": 0.2,
      "conf_low": -1.41,
      "estimate": -0.61,
      "feeling": "Happiness",
      "n": 493755,
      "n_units": 1250
    },
    {
      "basis": "Same age, sex, race, education and nominal income",
      "conf_high": 2.43,
      "conf_low": 1.17,
      "estimate": 1.76,
      "feeling": "Happiness",
      "n": 385768,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "Plus county rent level",
      "conf_high": 0.15,
      "conf_low": -1.09,
      "estimate": -0.49,
      "feeling": "Happiness",
      "n": 385768,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "As interviewed",
      "conf_high": 0.19,
      "conf_low": -2.33,
      "estimate": -1.07,
      "feeling": "Worry",
      "n": 526425,
      "n_units": 1250
    },
    {
      "basis": "Same age, sex, race, education and nominal income",
      "conf_high": -2.78,
      "conf_low": -4.62,
      "estimate": -3.72,
      "feeling": "Worry",
      "n": 413010,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "Plus county rent level",
      "conf_high": 1.48,
      "conf_low": -0.4,
      "estimate": 0.52,
      "feeling": "Worry",
      "n": 413010,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "As interviewed",
      "conf_high": -1.19,
      "conf_low": -3.08,
      "estimate": -2.13,
      "feeling": "Stress",
      "n": 526330,
      "n_units": 1250
    },
    {
      "basis": "Same age, sex, race, education and nominal income",
      "conf_high": -1.58,
      "conf_low": -3,
      "estimate": -2.33,
      "feeling": "Stress",
      "n": 412916,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "Plus county rent level",
      "conf_high": 1.18,
      "conf_low": -0.31,
      "estimate": 0.37,
      "feeling": "Stress",
      "n": 412916,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "As interviewed",
      "conf_high": 3.19,
      "conf_low": 0.66,
      "estimate": 1.93,
      "feeling": "Sadness",
      "n": 494753,
      "n_units": 1250
    },
    {
      "basis": "Same age, sex, race, education and nominal income",
      "conf_high": -0.96,
      "conf_low": -2.4,
      "estimate": -1.73,
      "feeling": "Sadness",
      "n": 386323,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "Plus county rent level",
      "conf_high": 1.25,
      "conf_low": -0.19,
      "estimate": 0.48,
      "feeling": "Sadness",
      "n": 386323,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "As interviewed",
      "conf_high": 0.25,
      "conf_low": -1.67,
      "estimate": -0.71,
      "feeling": "Anger",
      "n": 421120,
      "n_units": 1250
    },
    {
      "basis": "Same age, sex, race, education and nominal income",
      "conf_high": -0.63,
      "conf_low": -1.87,
      "estimate": -1.29,
      "feeling": "Anger",
      "n": 326006,
      "n_units": 1248
    },
    {
      "basis": "Plus county rent level",
      "conf_high": 1.1,
      "conf_low": -0.23,
      "estimate": 0.4,
      "feeling": "Anger",
      "n": 326006,
      "n_units": 1248
    },
    {
      "basis": "As interviewed",
      "conf_high": 9.68,
      "conf_low": 7.87,
      "estimate": 8.77,
      "feeling": "Physical pain",
      "n": 526330,
      "n_units": 1250
    },
    {
      "basis": "Same age, sex, race, education and nominal income",
      "conf_high": 2.26,
      "conf_low": 1.38,
      "estimate": 1.81,
      "feeling": "Physical pain",
      "n": 412916,
      "n_units": 1249
    },
    {
      "basis": "Plus county rent level",
      "conf_high": 1.7,
      "conf_low": 0.82,
      "estimate": 1.23,
      "feeling": "Physical pain",
      "n": 412916,
      "n_units": 1249
    }
  ],
  "id": "feelings_by_deprivation",
  "notes": [
    "Gallup's extract has no survey weights, so every estimate is unweighted and levels can differ from the weighted figures Gallup publishes. County comes from the respondent's ZIP code and is approximate near county lines. The ladder is the evaluative measure and the feelings are experiential measures; they are never combined into one index.",
    "Each feeling is counted in the years its item was asked (see the table of items). The two adjusted dots use one sample, the interviews that report every characteristic and a county rent, so it is smaller. Deprivation is the county Area Deprivation Index, in deciles cut on all interviews. The rent is the FY2025 HUD two-bedroom Fair Market Rent of the county, a stand-in for relative price levels in 2008 to 2017."
  ],
  "source": "Gallup U.S. Daily, 2008-2017; unweighted, intervals clustered by county; Area Deprivation Index 2023 and ACS 2019-2023 tract population joined on the respondent's county or ZIP code",
  "spec": {
    "colors": {
      "As interviewed": "accent",
      "Plus county rent level": "highlight",
      "Same age, sex, race, education and nominal income": "muted"
    },
    "group": "basis",
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "reference": 0,
    "referenceLabel": "No difference",
    "sort": "data",
    "x": "estimate",
    "xDomain": [
      -6,
      12
    ],
    "xFormat": {
      "digits": 1,
      "signed": true
    },
    "xLabel": "Difference, most minus least deprived tenth (percentage points)",
    "y": "feeling"
  },
  "subtitle": "Difference in the share reporting each feeling a lot of the day yesterday, most deprived minus least deprived tenth of interviews by county deprivation, Gallup U.S. Daily 2008 to 2017",
  "title": "Physical pain is {fact:gap_physical_pain} percentage points more common in the most deprived tenth of counties, the largest gap of the seven feelings, and {fact:gap_adj_physical_pain} at the same characteristics and {fact:gap_rent_physical_pain} with county rent also allowed for",
  "type": "dot",
  "width": "wide"
}