{
  "alt": "A figure with three tabs. The first is a bar chart of the share of residents in small-town and rural tracts by deprivation decile, rising to a peak in the ninth decile. The second is a set of line charts of four pollution percentiles by deprivation decile for all tracts and for metropolitan tracts, falling for traffic and diesel PM in both and little for NO₂ and PM₂.₅ among metropolitan tracts. The third is a dot plot of correlations that are negative for deprivation across tracts and positive within counties.",
  "caption": "The first tab shows small-town and rural tracts holding a larger share of residents as deprivation rises, up to {fact:rural_peak} in the ninth decile. The second compares metropolitan tracts with all tracts for four indicators: the traffic and diesel PM percentiles keep falling, and the NO₂ and PM₂.₅ percentiles fall little. The third compares correlations across all tracts, across metropolitan tracts and within counties.",
  "data": [],
  "id": "rural_share_and_pm25",
  "source": "EPA EJScreen 2024, Area Deprivation Index 2023 and ACS 2019-2023; population-weighted means, modeled estimates",
  "spec": {
    "panels": [
      {
        "figure": {
          "alt": "Bar chart of the share of residents in small-town and rural tracts across ten deprivation deciles. The bars start near zero in the least deprived decile, rise to a peak in the ninth decile and are slightly lower in the tenth.",
          "caption": "Bars rise through the ninth decile and ease in the tenth. Each bar is the share of residents in tracts that the USDA codes as small town or rural, with 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties; Connecticut has no code and is left out.",
          "data": [
            {
              "conf_high": 1.1,
              "conf_low": 0.4,
              "decile": "1",
              "n_units": 8077,
              "rural": 0.6
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 1.4,
              "conf_low": 0.7,
              "decile": "2",
              "n_units": 8222,
              "rural": 1
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 1.7,
              "conf_low": 1,
              "decile": "3",
              "n_units": 8064,
              "rural": 1.3
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 2.8,
              "conf_low": 1.8,
              "decile": "4",
              "n_units": 8050,
              "rural": 2.2
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 4.2,
              "conf_low": 2.9,
              "decile": "5",
              "n_units": 8271,
              "rural": 3.5
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 6.9,
              "conf_low": 5,
              "decile": "6",
              "n_units": 7946,
              "rural": 5.9
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 10.3,
              "conf_low": 7.8,
              "decile": "7",
              "n_units": 8077,
              "rural": 8.9
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 15.5,
              "conf_low": 12.5,
              "decile": "8",
              "n_units": 8207,
              "rural": 13.9
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 22.3,
              "conf_low": 18.4,
              "decile": "9",
              "n_units": 8214,
              "rural": 20.3
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 21,
              "conf_low": 16.2,
              "decile": "10",
              "n_units": 8194,
              "rural": 18.5
            }
          ],
          "id": "rural_share",
          "notes": [
            "Small-town and rural tracts are the two least dense classes of the USDA commuting-area scheme, and the Connecticut tracts, which have no code, are left out."
          ],
          "spec": {
            "category": "decile",
            "categoryLabel": "Decile of the Area Deprivation Index national rank (1 = least deprived, 10 = most deprived)",
            "domain": [
              0,
              30
            ],
            "format": {
              "digits": 1
            },
            "hi": "conf_high",
            "lo": "conf_low",
            "n": "n_units",
            "orientation": "v",
            "value": "rural",
            "valueLabel": "Share of residents in small-town and rural tracts (%)"
          },
          "subtitle": "Share of residents living in small-town and rural tracts by decile of the Area Deprivation Index national rank, population-weighted",
          "title": "The share of residents in small-town and rural tracts rises from {fact:rural_lo} in the least deprived decile to {fact:rural_peak} in the ninth and {fact:rural_hi} in the tenth",
          "type": "bar"
        },
        "label": "Rural share"
      },
      {
        "figure": {
          "alt": "Four small line charts, one for each air indicator, each with a solid line for all tracts and a dashed line for metropolitan tracts across deprivation deciles. In the traffic and diesel PM charts both lines fall from the first decile to the ninth, the dashed line by less. In the NO₂ and PM₂.₅ charts the dashed line falls over the first few deciles and is then nearly level.",
          "caption": "Dashed lines leave out small-town, rural and micropolitan tracts. The traffic and diesel PM lines fall by less than the solid lines but still fall from the first decile to the ninth. The dashed NO₂ and PM₂.₅ lines come down mostly across the first three deciles, and their correlations with the ADI rank have intervals that include zero. The deciles are those of all tracts, and the bands are 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties.",
          "data": [
            {
              "conf_high": 79.18,
              "conf_low": 68.05,
              "decile": 1,
              "estimate": 74.7,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 8149,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 71.29,
              "conf_low": 58.96,
              "decile": 2,
              "estimate": 65.23,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 8293,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 60.23,
              "conf_low": 53.49,
              "decile": 3,
              "estimate": 56.92,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 8205,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 53.77,
              "conf_low": 48.87,
              "decile": 4,
              "estimate": 51.45,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 8184,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 50.34,
              "conf_low": 44.93,
              "decile": 5,
              "estimate": 47.72,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 8416,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 47.13,
              "conf_low": 41.66,
              "decile": 6,
              "estimate": 44.43,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 8052,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 44.32,
              "conf_low": 38.17,
              "decile": 7,
              "estimate": 41.19,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 8161,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 40.55,
              "conf_low": 35.39,
              "decile": 8,
              "estimate": 38.01,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 8288,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 37.53,
              "conf_low": 32.2,
              "decile": 9,
              "estimate": 34.92,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 8247,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 42.13,
              "conf_low": 35.42,
              "decile": 10,
              "estimate": 38.99,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 8203,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 79.79,
              "conf_low": 69.4,
              "decile": 1,
              "estimate": 75.65,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 7879,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 71.89,
              "conf_low": 60.29,
              "decile": 2,
              "estimate": 66.37,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 7945,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 61.48,
              "conf_low": 54.76,
              "decile": 3,
              "estimate": 58.28,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 7676,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 55.86,
              "conf_low": 50.82,
              "decile": 4,
              "estimate": 53.44,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 7427,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 53.17,
              "conf_low": 47.75,
              "decile": 5,
              "estimate": 50.4,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 7330,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 51.12,
              "conf_low": 45.58,
              "decile": 6,
              "estimate": 48.42,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 6665,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 50.69,
              "conf_low": 44.36,
              "decile": 7,
              "estimate": 47.6,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 6166,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 49.78,
              "conf_low": 44.36,
              "decile": 8,
              "estimate": 47.14,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 5549,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 50.34,
              "conf_low": 44.52,
              "decile": 9,
              "estimate": 47.55,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 4817,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 56.28,
              "conf_low": 49.08,
              "decile": 10,
              "estimate": 52.93,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "n_units": 5139,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 75.36,
              "conf_low": 62.13,
              "decile": 1,
              "estimate": 69.69,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 8149,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 71.11,
              "conf_low": 59.7,
              "decile": 2,
              "estimate": 65.61,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 8293,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 61.41,
              "conf_low": 54.39,
              "decile": 3,
              "estimate": 58.14,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 8205,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 56.45,
              "conf_low": 50.53,
              "decile": 4,
              "estimate": 53.64,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 8184,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 52.62,
              "conf_low": 46.7,
              "decile": 5,
              "estimate": 49.71,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 8416,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 49.53,
              "conf_low": 43.5,
              "decile": 6,
              "estimate": 46.55,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 8052,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 46.27,
              "conf_low": 39.94,
              "decile": 7,
              "estimate": 43.07,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 8161,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 42.12,
              "conf_low": 36.95,
              "decile": 8,
              "estimate": 39.46,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 8288,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 38.91,
              "conf_low": 33.8,
              "decile": 9,
              "estimate": 36.35,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 8247,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 42,
              "conf_low": 35.94,
              "decile": 10,
              "estimate": 39.13,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 8203,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 76.27,
              "conf_low": 63.75,
              "decile": 1,
              "estimate": 70.76,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 7879,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 72.08,
              "conf_low": 61.58,
              "decile": 2,
              "estimate": 67.05,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 7945,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 63.41,
              "conf_low": 56.48,
              "decile": 3,
              "estimate": 60.05,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 7676,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 59.21,
              "conf_low": 53.22,
              "decile": 4,
              "estimate": 56.28,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 7427,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 56.03,
              "conf_low": 50.15,
              "decile": 5,
              "estimate": 53.15,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 7330,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 54.05,
              "conf_low": 48.05,
              "decile": 6,
              "estimate": 51.04,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 6665,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 52.79,
              "conf_low": 46.25,
              "decile": 7,
              "estimate": 49.48,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 6166,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 50.75,
              "conf_low": 45.1,
              "decile": 8,
              "estimate": 47.96,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 5549,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 50.21,
              "conf_low": 44.25,
              "decile": 9,
              "estimate": 47.41,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 4817,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 54.37,
              "conf_low": 46.45,
              "decile": 10,
              "estimate": 50.87,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "n_units": 5139,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 67.58,
              "conf_low": 54.21,
              "decile": 1,
              "estimate": 61.37,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 8146,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 63.92,
              "conf_low": 51.85,
              "decile": 2,
              "estimate": 58.08,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 8292,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 56.05,
              "conf_low": 48.39,
              "decile": 3,
              "estimate": 52.3,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 8204,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 53.46,
              "conf_low": 47.2,
              "decile": 4,
              "estimate": 50.45,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 8184,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 51.82,
              "conf_low": 45.39,
              "decile": 5,
              "estimate": 48.71,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 8416,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 50.96,
              "conf_low": 44.17,
              "decile": 6,
              "estimate": 47.59,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 8052,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 49.47,
              "conf_low": 42.09,
              "decile": 7,
              "estimate": 45.71,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 8161,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 46.95,
              "conf_low": 40.92,
              "decile": 8,
              "estimate": 43.89,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 8288,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 45.25,
              "conf_low": 39.68,
              "decile": 9,
              "estimate": 42.52,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 8247,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 50.71,
              "conf_low": 44.27,
              "decile": 10,
              "estimate": 47.64,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 8203,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 67.98,
              "conf_low": 55.13,
              "decile": 1,
              "estimate": 62.3,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 7876,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 64.62,
              "conf_low": 53.25,
              "decile": 2,
              "estimate": 59.2,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 7944,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 57.75,
              "conf_low": 49.76,
              "decile": 3,
              "estimate": 53.86,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 7675,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 55.46,
              "conf_low": 49.3,
              "decile": 4,
              "estimate": 52.47,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 7427,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 54.41,
              "conf_low": 47.81,
              "decile": 5,
              "estimate": 51.1,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 7330,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 54.38,
              "conf_low": 47.18,
              "decile": 6,
              "estimate": 50.78,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 6665,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 54.58,
              "conf_low": 46.54,
              "decile": 7,
              "estimate": 50.48,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 6166,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 54.22,
              "conf_low": 47.16,
              "decile": 8,
              "estimate": 50.68,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 5549,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 55.82,
              "conf_low": 48.8,
              "decile": 9,
              "estimate": 52.48,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 4817,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 62.79,
              "conf_low": 55.61,
              "decile": 10,
              "estimate": 59.35,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "n_units": 5139,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 73.24,
              "conf_low": 52.34,
              "decile": 1,
              "estimate": 64.27,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 8149,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 65.84,
              "conf_low": 47.61,
              "decile": 2,
              "estimate": 56.82,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 8293,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 56.99,
              "conf_low": 47.69,
              "decile": 3,
              "estimate": 52.29,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 8205,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 54.11,
              "conf_low": 47.2,
              "decile": 4,
              "estimate": 50.75,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 8184,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 51.99,
              "conf_low": 46.09,
              "decile": 5,
              "estimate": 49.21,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 8416,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 51.28,
              "conf_low": 44.87,
              "decile": 6,
              "estimate": 48.16,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 8052,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 50.7,
              "conf_low": 44.2,
              "decile": 7,
              "estimate": 47.4,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 8161,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 47.38,
              "conf_low": 41.64,
              "decile": 8,
              "estimate": 44.47,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 8288,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 46.62,
              "conf_low": 41.5,
              "decile": 9,
              "estimate": 44.06,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 8247,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 50.97,
              "conf_low": 44.29,
              "decile": 10,
              "estimate": 47.76,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 8203,
              "series": "All tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 73.63,
              "conf_low": 53.27,
              "decile": 1,
              "estimate": 65.02,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 7879,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 66.11,
              "conf_low": 48.04,
              "decile": 2,
              "estimate": 57.46,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 7945,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 57.63,
              "conf_low": 48.12,
              "decile": 3,
              "estimate": 52.91,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 7676,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 55.43,
              "conf_low": 48.45,
              "decile": 4,
              "estimate": 52.03,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 7427,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 54.2,
              "conf_low": 48.03,
              "decile": 5,
              "estimate": 51.2,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 7330,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 54.48,
              "conf_low": 48.07,
              "decile": 6,
              "estimate": 51.2,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 6665,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 55.59,
              "conf_low": 48.8,
              "decile": 7,
              "estimate": 52.08,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 6166,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 54.13,
              "conf_low": 47.55,
              "decile": 8,
              "estimate": 50.83,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 5549,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 55.03,
              "conf_low": 48.33,
              "decile": 9,
              "estimate": 51.78,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 4817,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            },
            {
              "conf_high": 59.38,
              "conf_low": 50.89,
              "decile": 10,
              "estimate": 55.33,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "n_units": 5139,
              "series": "Metropolitan tracts"
            }
          ],
          "id": "percentile_metro",
          "notes": [
            "Metropolitan tracts are those the USDA codes as part of a metropolitan area, and the small-town, rural and micropolitan tracts are left out of the dashed lines."
          ],
          "spec": {
            "colors": {
              "All tracts": "total",
              "Metropolitan tracts": "highlight"
            },
            "dashed": [
              "Metropolitan tracts"
            ],
            "facet": "hazard",
            "facetColumns": 2,
            "hi": "conf_high",
            "lo": "conf_low",
            "n": "n_units",
            "series": "series",
            "x": "decile",
            "xDomain": [
              1,
              10
            ],
            "xLabel": "Decile of the Area Deprivation Index national rank (1 = least deprived, 10 = most deprived)",
            "xTicks": "data",
            "y": "estimate",
            "yDomain": [
              20,
              90
            ],
            "yFormat": {
              "digits": 0
            },
            "yLabel": "Mean national percentile of the tract (0 to 100)"
          },
          "subtitle": "Mean national percentile of four air indicators by decile of the Area Deprivation Index national rank, all tracts and metropolitan tracts only, population-weighted",
          "title": "Among metropolitan tracts alone the traffic percentile still falls from {fact:ptraf_metro_d1} to {fact:ptraf_metro_d9} and diesel PM from {fact:dslpm_metro_d1} to {fact:dslpm_metro_d9}, while the correlations for NO₂ and PM₂.₅ shrink to {fact:no2_adi_metro} and {fact:pm25_adi_metro}",
          "type": "line"
        },
        "label": "Metropolitan tracts only"
      },
      {
        "figure": {
          "alt": "Four small dot plots, one for each pollution indicator, with correlations on the horizontal axis. In each plot the dot for the deprivation index is left of zero for all tracts and for metropolitan tracts and right of zero within counties, and the dots for the poverty rate are right of zero in all three comparisons.",
          "caption": "For the ADI rank the dots sit left of zero across all tracts and among metropolitan tracts and right of zero within counties, though the whiskers for NO₂ and PM₂.₅ among metropolitan tracts include zero. For the poverty rate the dots sit right of zero in all three comparisons. Within counties, each tract is compared with the other tracts of its county, and counties with fewer than five tracts are left out. Whiskers are 95% intervals from a bootstrap over counties.",
          "data": [
            {
              "comparison": "All tracts",
              "conf_high": -0.331,
              "conf_low": -0.492,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 82198,
              "r": -0.413
            },
            {
              "comparison": "All tracts",
              "conf_high": 0.112,
              "conf_low": 0.037,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 82818,
              "r": 0.075
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Metropolitan tracts",
              "conf_high": -0.208,
              "conf_low": -0.398,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 66593,
              "r": -0.306
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Metropolitan tracts",
              "conf_high": 0.2,
              "conf_low": 0.123,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 67063,
              "r": 0.162
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Within counties",
              "conf_high": 0.225,
              "conf_low": 0.149,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 79730,
              "r": 0.188
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Within counties",
              "conf_high": 0.288,
              "conf_low": 0.244,
              "hazard": "Traffic proximity",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 80353,
              "r": 0.267
            },
            {
              "comparison": "All tracts",
              "conf_high": -0.301,
              "conf_low": -0.452,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 82198,
              "r": -0.377
            },
            {
              "comparison": "All tracts",
              "conf_high": 0.098,
              "conf_low": 0.025,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 82818,
              "r": 0.064
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Metropolitan tracts",
              "conf_high": -0.192,
              "conf_low": -0.364,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 66593,
              "r": -0.28
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Metropolitan tracts",
              "conf_high": 0.18,
              "conf_low": 0.098,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 67063,
              "r": 0.141
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Within counties",
              "conf_high": 0.226,
              "conf_low": 0.147,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 79730,
              "r": 0.188
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Within counties",
              "conf_high": 0.272,
              "conf_low": 0.226,
              "hazard": "Diesel PM",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 80353,
              "r": 0.25
            },
            {
              "comparison": "All tracts",
              "conf_high": -0.103,
              "conf_low": -0.266,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 82193,
              "r": -0.182
            },
            {
              "comparison": "All tracts",
              "conf_high": 0.209,
              "conf_low": 0.145,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 82816,
              "r": 0.178
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Metropolitan tracts",
              "conf_high": 0.004,
              "conf_low": -0.173,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 66588,
              "r": -0.085
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Metropolitan tracts",
              "conf_high": 0.277,
              "conf_low": 0.215,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 67060,
              "r": 0.247
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Within counties",
              "conf_high": 0.305,
              "conf_low": 0.252,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 79725,
              "r": 0.279
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Within counties",
              "conf_high": 0.34,
              "conf_low": 0.301,
              "hazard": "NO₂",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 80350,
              "r": 0.321
            },
            {
              "comparison": "All tracts",
              "conf_high": -0.06,
              "conf_low": -0.289,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 82198,
              "r": -0.176
            },
            {
              "comparison": "All tracts",
              "conf_high": 0.072,
              "conf_low": 0.003,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 82821,
              "r": 0.038
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Metropolitan tracts",
              "conf_high": 0.029,
              "conf_low": -0.222,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 66593,
              "r": -0.102
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Metropolitan tracts",
              "conf_high": 0.103,
              "conf_low": 0.025,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 67065,
              "r": 0.064
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Within counties",
              "conf_high": 0.112,
              "conf_low": 0.008,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "measure": "Area Deprivation Index rank",
              "n": 79730,
              "r": 0.063
            },
            {
              "comparison": "Within counties",
              "conf_high": 0.105,
              "conf_low": 0.035,
              "hazard": "PM₂.₅",
              "measure": "Poverty rate",
              "n": 80355,
              "r": 0.073
            }
          ],
          "id": "correlation_by_comparison",
          "notes": [
            "The Area Deprivation Index descends from an index that includes median home value and median gross rent, so it rates dense, high-cost metropolitan tracts as less deprived than their incomes suggest.",
            "Within a county, both variables are measured from the county's population-weighted mean before the correlation is taken."
          ],
          "spec": {
            "colors": {
              "Area Deprivation Index rank": "highlight",
              "Poverty rate": "accent"
            },
            "facet": "hazard",
            "facetColumns": 2,
            "group": "measure",
            "hi": "conf_high",
            "legend": true,
            "lo": "conf_low",
            "reference": 0,
            "referenceLabel": "No correlation",
            "sort": "data",
            "x": "r",
            "xDomain": [
              -0.6,
              0.6
            ],
            "xFormat": {
              "digits": 2,
              "signed": true
            },
            "xLabel": "Correlation with the tract's national percentile",
            "y": "comparison"
          },
          "subtitle": "Population-weighted correlation of four national pollution percentiles with the ADI national rank and with the tract poverty rate, in three comparisons",
          "title": "The correlation of the traffic percentile with the ADI rank is {fact:ptraf_adi} across the tracts that have both and {fact:ptraf_adi_within} within counties",
          "type": "dot"
        },
        "label": "Correlations by comparison"
      }
    ]
  },
  "subtitle": "Three views of the link between the Area Deprivation Index and national pollution percentiles: rural share, metropolitan tracts only, and correlations by comparison",
  "title": "The fall in traffic and diesel PM percentiles with deprivation persists among metropolitan tracts, and the sign reverses when tracts are compared within a county",
  "type": "tabs"
}