{
  "alt": "Table of seven sample steps. ZIP code tabulation areas fall from {fact:n_zcta_file} in the vote file to {fact:n_zcta} in the analysis sample, and counties fall from {fact:n_cty_returns} with returns to {fact:n_cty} in the county sample.",
  "caption": "The ZIP-code sample holds {fact:n_zcta} of the {fact:n_zcta_file} areas in the vote file, with {fact:votes_sample} of its {fact:votes_all} votes in 2020; the county sample holds {fact:n_cty} of the {fact:n_cty_returns} counties with returns. Each row keeps the areas of the row above that meet one more condition, and areas with {fact:vote_floor} or fewer votes in 2020 are dropped at the second row. A row with no ZIP-code count applies only to counties.",
  "data": [
    {
      "counties": 3102,
      "step": "ZIP code tabulation areas with vote estimates for 2016 and 2020",
      "zcta": 32428
    },
    {
      "counties": 3100,
      "step": "With more than 100 votes in 2020",
      "zcta": 29420
    },
    {
      "counties": 3089,
      "step": "With both IRS shares and a swing",
      "zcta": 27170
    },
    {
      "counties": 3088,
      "step": "With the average tax rate and four ACS controls: the ZIP-code sample",
      "zcta": 27144
    },
    {
      "counties": 3113,
      "step": "Counties with a two-party return in 2016 and 2020",
      "zcta": null
    },
    {
      "counties": 3088,
      "step": "With ZIP-code shares",
      "zcta": null
    },
    {
      "counties": 3080,
      "step": "With county demographics: the county sample",
      "zcta": null
    }
  ],
  "id": "sample_counts",
  "notes": [
    "For the ZIP-code rows the last column counts the counties that contain the areas. Of the counties with returns that have no ZIP-code shares, the Hawaii counties are not covered by the vote file, Kansas City, Missouri, is coded as a county of its own in the returns file, and small counties and Virginia independent cities lose their ZIP codes at the vote or IRS step. The Connecticut counties have ZIP-code shares and no county demographics in the panel and drop out of the county sample. A retired county code in the vote file (Shannon County, South Dakota, now Oglala Lakota County) is matched to its current code when the county sample is built."
  ],
  "source": "Precinct votes allocated to ZIP code tabulation areas (Fekrazad 2025), 2016 and 2020; certified county returns, 2016 and 2020; full counts, no weights",
  "spec": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "step",
        "label": "Sample"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 0,
          "thousands": true
        },
        "key": "zcta",
        "label": "ZIP code tabulation areas"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 0,
          "thousands": true
        },
        "key": "counties",
        "label": "Counties containing these areas"
      }
    ]
  },
  "subtitle": "Counts of ZIP code tabulation areas and counties at each step from the vote file to the two analysis samples",
  "title": "The ZIP-code sample is {fact:n_zcta} areas in {fact:n_counties} counties and the county sample is {fact:n_cty} counties",
  "type": "table",
  "width": "body"
}