{
  "adj_age65_2024": {
    "ci": [
      17,
      19.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "18.2",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with age, race and ethnicity, education and family income together: Ages 65 and older minus ages 25 to 44",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 18.2377,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "adj_asian_2024": {
    "ci": [
      13,
      16.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "14.6",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with age, race and ethnicity, education and family income together: White minus Asian",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 14.5637,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "adj_ba_lths_2024": {
    "ci": [
      30.8,
      38.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "34.5",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with age, race and ethnicity, education and family income together: Bachelor's degree minus less than high school",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 34.4919,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "adj_black_2016": {
    "ci": [
      -5.2,
      -0.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−2.6",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with age, race and ethnicity, education and family income together: White minus Black",
    "n": 83819,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons.",
    "period": "2016 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": -2.64172,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "adj_black_2020": {
    "ci": [
      -1,
      2.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "0.9",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with age, race and ethnicity, education and family income together: White minus Black",
    "n": 73633,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons.",
    "period": "2020 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 0.932878,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "adj_black_2024": {
    "ci": [
      1.6,
      5.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.4",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with age, race and ethnicity, education and family income together: White minus Black",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 3.4464,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "adj_hisp_2024": {
    "ci": [
      8.1,
      12.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "10.5",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with age, race and ethnicity, education and family income together: White minus Hispanic",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 10.5023,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "adj_inc_2024": {
    "ci": [
      12.3,
      14.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "13.6",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with age, race and ethnicity, education and family income together: Highest minus lowest third of family income",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 13.601,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "amgdiff_age_2022": {
    "ci": [
      26.7,
      29.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "28.2",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share of the registered who voted: citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 22584,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2022",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older and citizens aged 18 to 29 who were registered",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 28.154,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "amgdiff_age_2024": {
    "ci": [
      9.7,
      11.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "10.8",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share of the registered who voted: citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 24507,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older and citizens aged 18 to 29 who were registered",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 10.7831,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "amgdiff_educ_2024": {
    "ci": [
      16,
      20.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "18.1",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share of the registered who voted: citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more minus those without a high school diploma",
    "n": 24064,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more and without a high school diploma who were registered",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 18.1131,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "anes_2020": {
    "ci": [
      75.9,
      78.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "77.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting",
    "n": 7446,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "ANES respondents who answered the turnout item and have a post-election weight",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 77.2585,
    "weights": "weight_postelection (VCF9999)"
  },
  "anes_2024": {
    "ci": [
      77.3,
      80.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "78.9%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting",
    "n": 4954,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "ANES respondents who answered the turnout item and have a post-election weight",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 78.9028,
    "weights": "weight_postelection (VCF9999)"
  },
  "censuscit_1992": {
    "display": "67.7%",
    "estimand": "published weighted share who reported voting (Census Bureau Table A-1), nonresponse counted as not voting",
    "note": "A published figure with no interval; the extract has no citizenship item before 1994 and cannot reproduce it.",
    "period": "1992 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older, as the Census Bureau defines them from the supplement's own citizenship item",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 67.7,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT, as published by the Census Bureau"
  },
  "chg_age_1996_2008": {
    "ci": [
      -11.9,
      -8.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−10.3",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 67347,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1996 to 2008",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": -10.2891,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "chg_age_2014_2018": {
    "ci": [
      -10.5,
      -7.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−9.0",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 76514,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2014 to 2018",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": -8.97905,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "chg_age_2018_2022": {
    "ci": [
      3.5,
      6.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+5.1",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 70196,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2018 to 2022",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 5.10234,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "chg_asian_2004_2024": {
    "ci": [
      -12.5,
      -6.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−9.6",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = White non-Hispanic minus Asian or Pacific Islander non-Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 135208,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2004 to 2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": -9.61815,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "chg_ba_hs_1996_2024": {
    "ci": [
      0.1,
      2.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+1.4",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = bachelor's degree or more minus high school diploma only",
    "n": 88026,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1996 to 2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 1.44602,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "chg_ba_lths_1996_2024": {
    "ci": [
      2.3,
      6.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+4.5",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = bachelor's degree or more minus no high school diploma",
    "n": 59518,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1996 to 2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 4.46355,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "chg_ba_lths_2020_2024": {
    "ci": [
      1.8,
      6.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+4.3",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = bachelor's degree or more minus no high school diploma",
    "n": 61880,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020 to 2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 4.2671,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "chg_black_2012_2024": {
    "ci": [
      11.1,
      14.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+12.9",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 139565,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 to 2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 12.9191,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "chg_hisp_1996_2024": {
    "ci": [
      1,
      5.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+3.1",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = White non-Hispanic minus Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 133388,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1996 to 2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 3.11436,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "chg_inc_1996_2008": {
    "ci": [
      -4.2,
      -1.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−2.9",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = highest minus lowest third of family income",
    "n": 110752,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1996 to 2008",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": -2.89081,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "chg_inc_2012_2024": {
    "ci": [
      -1.1,
      1.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+0.2",
    "estimand": "change in the turnout gap between the two years (difference of two differences), gap = highest minus lowest third of family income",
    "n": 128364,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 to 2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 0.152675,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_1994": {
    "ci": [
      48,
      48.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "48.4%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 95272,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1994 midterm election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 48.4002,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_1996": {
    "ci": [
      58,
      58.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "58.4%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 84090,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1996 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 58.3637,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_2004": {
    "ci": [
      63.5,
      64.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "63.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 96452,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2004 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 63.8236,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_2008": {
    "ci": [
      63.3,
      64
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "63.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 92360,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2008 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 63.6397,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_2012": {
    "ci": [
      61.5,
      62.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "61.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 94311,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 61.8131,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_2014": {
    "ci": [
      41.6,
      42.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "41.9%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 96267,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2014 midterm election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 41.9437,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_2016": {
    "ci": [
      61,
      61.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "61.4%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 93794,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 61.3841,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_2018": {
    "ci": [
      53.1,
      53.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "53.4%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 88749,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2018 midterm election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 53.4369,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_2020": {
    "ci": [
      66.4,
      67.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "66.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 81898,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 66.7671,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_2022": {
    "ci": [
      51.8,
      52.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "52.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 73083,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2022 midterm election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 52.2023,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "cit_2024": {
    "ci": [
      64.9,
      65.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "65.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 72590,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 65.3463,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "early_2004": {
    "ci": [
      7.5,
      8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "7.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (in person before election day)",
    "n": 63052,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2004 presidential election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 7.7774,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "early_2016": {
    "ci": [
      18.6,
      19.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "18.9%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (in person before election day)",
    "n": 58533,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016 presidential election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 18.9263,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "early_2020": {
    "ci": [
      25.6,
      26.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "26.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (in person before election day)",
    "n": 55170,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020 presidential election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 26.0129,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "early_2022": {
    "ci": [
      17.6,
      18.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "18.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (in person before election day)",
    "n": 39280,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2022 midterm election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 18.0254,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "early_2024": {
    "ci": [
      30.3,
      31.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "30.7%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (in person before election day)",
    "n": 48387,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 30.729,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "ed_2004": {
    "ci": [
      78.7,
      79.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "79.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (in person on election day)",
    "n": 63052,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2004 presidential election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 79.0353,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "ed_2016": {
    "ci": [
      59.1,
      60
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "59.5%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (in person on election day)",
    "n": 58533,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016 presidential election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 59.5221,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "ed_2020": {
    "ci": [
      29.9,
      30.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "30.4%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (in person on election day)",
    "n": 55170,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020 presidential election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 30.3649,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "ed_2024": {
    "ci": [
      39.1,
      40.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "39.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (in person on election day)",
    "n": 48387,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
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    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: White non-Hispanic minus Asian or Pacific Islander non-Hispanic citizens",
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
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    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
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    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
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    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
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    "unit": "percentage points",
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    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: White non-Hispanic minus Hispanic citizens",
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    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
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    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout, White non-Hispanic minus Hispanic residents (noncitizens counted as not voting)",
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    "population": "all residents 18 and older",
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "n": 55003,
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    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 19.0661,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: highest minus lowest third of family income",
    "n": 60697,
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    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
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    "value": 20.9005,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "n": 73012,
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    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
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    "n": 69720,
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    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
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    "estimand": "weighted share who did not report a family-income bracket",
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    "value": 20.5954,
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    "value": 47.2994,
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    "value": 67.878,
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    "population": "persons who voted",
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    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (by mail)",
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    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 23.133,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
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    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (by mail)",
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    "population": "persons who voted",
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      32.3
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    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (by mail)",
    "n": 39280,
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    "period": "2022 midterm election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 31.7562,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "mail_2024": {
    "ci": [
      28.5,
      29.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "29.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by method (by mail)",
    "n": 48387,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 28.9562,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "mail_a1824_2020": {
    "ci": [
      38.2,
      41.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "39.9%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by mail",
    "n": 4190,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020 presidential election",
    "population": "persons aged 18 to 24 who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 39.9209,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "mail_a1824_2024": {
    "ci": [
      24.7,
      28
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "26.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by mail",
    "n": 3419,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "persons aged 18 to 24 who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 26.3472,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "mail_a65_2020": {
    "ci": [
      52.7,
      54.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "53.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by mail",
    "n": 15856,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020 presidential election",
    "population": "persons aged 65 and older who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 53.607,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "mail_a65_2024": {
    "ci": [
      35.9,
      37.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "36.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by mail",
    "n": 15714,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "persons aged 65 and older who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 36.7768,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "n_adults": {
    "display": "2,494,218",
    "estimand": "count of person records",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1976 to 2024",
    "population": "adults 18 and older with a positive supplement weight",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 2494218,
    "weights": "none (count of records)"
  },
  "n_citizens": {
    "display": "1,422,311",
    "estimand": "count of person records",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1994 to 2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 1422311,
    "weights": "none (count of records)"
  },
  "noncit_1994": {
    "ci": [
      6.7,
      7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "6.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who are not US citizens",
    "n": 101630,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1994",
    "population": "adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 6.83631,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "noncit_2024": {
    "ci": [
      9.1,
      9.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "9.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who are not US citizens",
    "n": 78650,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 9.30428,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "noncit_asian_2024": {
    "display": "27.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who are not US citizens",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "Asian or Pacific Islander non-Hispanic adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 27.3453,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "noncit_hisp_1994": {
    "display": "40.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who are not US citizens",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1994",
    "population": "Hispanic adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 40.7769,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "noncit_hisp_2024": {
    "display": "30.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who are not US citizens",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "Hispanic adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 30.3321,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "noncit_white_1994": {
    "display": "1.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who are not US citizens",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1994",
    "population": "White non-Hispanic adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 1.84053,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "noncit_white_2024": {
    "display": "1.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who are not US citizens",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "White non-Hispanic adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 1.77901,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nr_2004": {
    "display": "10.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who did not answer the voting question (refused, did not know, no response)",
    "n": 96452,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2004",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 10.8378,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nr_2008": {
    "display": "13.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who did not answer the voting question (refused, did not know, no response)",
    "n": 92360,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2008",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 13.7724,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nr_2018": {
    "display": "17.7%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who did not answer the voting question (refused, did not know, no response)",
    "n": 88749,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2018",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 17.6734,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nr_2020": {
    "display": "15.7%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who did not answer the voting question (refused, did not know, no response)",
    "n": 81898,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 15.719,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nr_2024": {
    "display": "14.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who did not answer the voting question (refused, did not know, no response)",
    "n": 72590,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 14.1234,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nr_a1829_2024": {
    "ci": [
      17.3,
      18.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "18.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who did not answer the voting question (refused, did not know, no response)",
    "n": 12303,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens aged 18 to 29",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 18.0362,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nr_a65_2024": {
    "ci": [
      11.6,
      12.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "12.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who did not answer the voting question (refused, did not know, no response)",
    "n": 20905,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 12.0713,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nr_black_2024": {
    "ci": [
      16.5,
      18.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "17.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who did not answer the voting question (refused, did not know, no response)",
    "n": 6636,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "Black non-Hispanic citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 17.5827,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nr_hisp_2024": {
    "ci": [
      16.1,
      17.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "17.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who did not answer the voting question (refused, did not know, no response)",
    "n": 8064,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "Hispanic citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 17.0371,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nr_white_2024": {
    "ci": [
      12.2,
      12.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "12.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who did not answer the voting question (refused, did not know, no response)",
    "n": 52237,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "White non-Hispanic citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 12.5619,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nt_2020": {
    "ci": [
      68.5,
      69.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "69.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by mail or in person before Election Day",
    "n": 55170,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020 presidential election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 68.9725,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "nt_2024": {
    "ci": [
      59.2,
      60.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "59.7%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of all persons who reported voting, by mail or in person before Election Day",
    "n": 48387,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "persons who voted",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 59.6852,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "over_1988": {
    "ci": [
      10.9,
      12.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+11.6%",
    "estimand": "CPS weighted count of persons who reported voting, relative to the certified presidential total",
    "n": 102945,
    "note": "The interval treats the adult population total as fixed and uses the Kish interval on the share who voted.",
    "period": "1988",
    "population": "voters in the CPS estimate, all residents 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of ballots counted for president",
    "value": 11.613,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "over_2004": {
    "ci": [
      2.2,
      3.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+2.8%",
    "estimand": "CPS weighted count of persons who reported voting, relative to the certified presidential total",
    "n": 103696,
    "note": "The interval treats the adult population total as fixed and uses the Kish interval on the share who voted.",
    "period": "2004",
    "population": "voters in the CPS estimate, all residents 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of ballots counted for president",
    "value": 2.76787,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "over_2020": {
    "ci": [
      -3,
      -1.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−2.5%",
    "estimand": "CPS weighted count of persons who reported voting, relative to the certified presidential total",
    "n": 87589,
    "note": "The interval treats the adult population total as fixed and uses the Kish interval on the share who voted.",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "voters in the CPS estimate, all residents 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of ballots counted for president",
    "value": -2.46061,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "over_absmax_0424": {
    "display": "3%",
    "estimand": "largest absolute difference between the CPS count of reported voters and the certified presidential total",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2004 to 2024 presidential elections",
    "population": "voters in the CPS estimate, all residents 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of ballots counted for president",
    "value": 2.94892,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "over_max_7600": {
    "display": "11.6%",
    "estimand": "largest excess of the CPS count over the certified presidential total",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1976 to 2000 presidential elections",
    "population": "voters in the CPS estimate, all residents 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of ballots counted for president",
    "value": 11.613,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "over_min_7600": {
    "display": "6.0%",
    "estimand": "smallest excess of the CPS count over the certified presidential total",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1976 to 2000 presidential elections",
    "population": "voters in the CPS estimate, all residents 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of ballots counted for president",
    "value": 5.98274,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "pm_1996": {
    "ci": [
      12.5,
      13.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "13.1",
    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout, presidential year minus the next midterm",
    "n": 168166,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1996 presidential minus 1998 midterm",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 13.0668,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "pm_2012": {
    "ci": [
      19.4,
      20.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "19.9",
    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout, presidential year minus the next midterm",
    "n": 190578,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 presidential minus 2014 midterm",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 19.8694,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "pm_2016": {
    "ci": [
      7.4,
      8.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "7.9",
    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout, presidential year minus the next midterm",
    "n": 182543,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016 presidential minus 2018 midterm",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 7.94715,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "pm_2020": {
    "ci": [
      14,
      15.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "14.6",
    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout, presidential year minus the next midterm",
    "n": 154981,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020 presidential minus 2022 midterm",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 14.5648,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "pre_na_hisp_1980": {
    "display": "32.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of adults outside the voting-question universe",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980",
    "population": "Hispanic adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 32.2213,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "pre_na_hisp_1992": {
    "display": "40.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of adults outside the voting-question universe",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1992",
    "population": "Hispanic adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 40.2193,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "pre_na_white_1980": {
    "display": "1.7%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of adults outside the voting-question universe",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980",
    "population": "White non-Hispanic adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 1.7181,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "pre_na_white_1992": {
    "display": "1.9%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of adults outside the voting-question universe",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1992",
    "population": "White non-Hispanic adults 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 1.85823,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "raw_age65_2024": {
    "ci": [
      13.2,
      15.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "14.5",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with this characteristic alone: Ages 65 and older minus ages 25 to 44",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons; the models use more rows because a person whose income bracket straddles a cut-off enters as two rows with fractional weights.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 14.4676,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "raw_asian_2024": {
    "ci": [
      11.4,
      14.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "13.1",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with this characteristic alone: White minus Asian",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons; the models use more rows because a person whose income bracket straddles a cut-off enters as two rows with fractional weights.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 13.0802,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "raw_ba_lths_2024": {
    "ci": [
      36.5,
      44.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "40.5",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with this characteristic alone: Bachelor's degree minus less than high school",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons; the models use more rows because a person whose income bracket straddles a cut-off enters as two rows with fractional weights.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 40.5407,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "raw_black_2024": {
    "ci": [
      7.6,
      11.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "9.7",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with this characteristic alone: White minus Black",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons; the models use more rows because a person whose income bracket straddles a cut-off enters as two rows with fractional weights.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 9.70616,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "raw_hisp_2024": {
    "ci": [
      16.5,
      21.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "18.8",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with this characteristic alone: White minus Hispanic",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons; the models use more rows because a person whose income bracket straddles a cut-off enters as two rows with fractional weights.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 18.8376,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "raw_inc_2024": {
    "ci": [
      18.6,
      22
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "20.3",
    "estimand": "difference in turnout from a weighted linear probability model with this characteristic alone: Highest minus lowest third of family income",
    "n": 65471,
    "note": "Interval from standard errors clustered by state (51 clusters), a normal approximation. The size is the number of persons; the models use more rows because a person whose income bracket straddles a cut-off enters as two rows with fractional weights.",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 20.2699,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "reg_ba_2024": {
    "ci": [
      84,
      85
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "84.5%",
    "estimand": "weighted share registered (voted, or reported being registered; nonresponse counted as not registered)",
    "n": 25742,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 84.517,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "reg_lths_2024": {
    "ci": [
      49.6,
      53.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "51.4%",
    "estimand": "weighted share registered (voted, or reported being registered; nonresponse counted as not registered)",
    "n": 4008,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older without a high school diploma",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 51.3539,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regdiff_educ_2024": {
    "ci": [
      31.3,
      35
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "33.2",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted registered share: citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more minus those without a high school diploma",
    "n": 29750,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more and without a high school diploma",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 33.1631,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regorder_hi_educ_2024": {
    "display": "77%",
    "estimand": "upper end of the registration share across the two orders of the split, citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more minus those without a high school diploma",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more and without a high school diploma",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 77.0558,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regorder_lo_educ_2024": {
    "display": "62%",
    "estimand": "lower end of the registration share across the two orders of the split, citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more minus those without a high school diploma",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more and without a high school diploma",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 62.2389,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_age_2020": {
    "ci": [
      69,
      74
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "72%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration (symmetric split of the product of the registered share and turnout among the registered), citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 35593,
    "note": "Seeded percentile bootstrap over respondents (500 replicates); it omits the CPS design effect and is too narrow by an unknown factor. The share depends on the order of the split and on how nonresponse is coded.",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older and citizens aged 18 to 29",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 71.5127,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_age_2022": {
    "ci": [
      46,
      50
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "48%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration (symmetric split of the product of the registered share and turnout among the registered), citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 32796,
    "note": "Seeded percentile bootstrap over respondents (500 replicates); it omits the CPS design effect and is too narrow by an unknown factor. The share depends on the order of the split and on how nonresponse is coded.",
    "period": "2022",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older and citizens aged 18 to 29",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 48.3366,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_age_2024": {
    "ci": [
      65,
      71
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "68%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration (symmetric split of the product of the registered share and turnout among the registered), citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 33208,
    "note": "Seeded percentile bootstrap over respondents (500 replicates); it omits the CPS design effect and is too narrow by an unknown factor. The share depends on the order of the split and on how nonresponse is coded.",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older and citizens aged 18 to 29",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 68.0191,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_black_2020": {
    "ci": [
      76,
      91
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "83%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration (symmetric split of the product of the registered share and turnout among the registered), White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 67974,
    "note": "Seeded percentile bootstrap over respondents (500 replicates); it omits the CPS design effect and is too narrow by an unknown factor. The share depends on the order of the split and on how nonresponse is coded.",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "White and Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 83.0704,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_black_2022": {
    "ci": [
      47,
      60
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "53%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration (symmetric split of the product of the registered share and turnout among the registered), White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 59816,
    "note": "Seeded percentile bootstrap over respondents (500 replicates); it omits the CPS design effect and is too narrow by an unknown factor. The share depends on the order of the split and on how nonresponse is coded.",
    "period": "2022",
    "population": "White and Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 53.2722,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_black_2024": {
    "ci": [
      55,
      68
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "62%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration (symmetric split of the product of the registered share and turnout among the registered), White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 58873,
    "note": "Seeded percentile bootstrap over respondents (500 replicates); it omits the CPS design effect and is too narrow by an unknown factor. The share depends on the order of the split and on how nonresponse is coded.",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "White and Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 62.0832,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_educ_2024": {
    "ci": [
      67,
      73
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "70%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration (symmetric split of the product of the registered share and turnout among the registered), citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more minus those without a high school diploma",
    "n": 29750,
    "note": "Seeded percentile bootstrap over respondents (500 replicates); it omits the CPS design effect and is too narrow by an unknown factor. The share depends on the order of the split and on how nonresponse is coded.",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more and without a high school diploma",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 69.6474,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_hisp_2024": {
    "ci": [
      67,
      74
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "70%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration (symmetric split of the product of the registered share and turnout among the registered), White non-Hispanic minus Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 60301,
    "note": "Seeded percentile bootstrap over respondents (500 replicates); it omits the CPS design effect and is too narrow by an unknown factor. The share depends on the order of the split and on how nonresponse is coded.",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "White non-Hispanic and Hispanic citizens",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 70.376,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_inc_2022": {
    "ci": [
      59,
      64
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "62%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration (symmetric split of the product of the registered share and turnout among the registered), highest minus lowest third of family income",
    "n": 55565,
    "note": "Seeded percentile bootstrap over respondents (500 replicates); it omits the CPS design effect and is too narrow by an unknown factor. The share depends on the order of the split and on how nonresponse is coded.",
    "period": "2022",
    "population": "citizens in the highest and lowest thirds of family income",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 61.6684,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_inc_2024": {
    "ci": [
      67,
      71
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "69%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration (symmetric split of the product of the registered share and turnout among the registered), highest minus lowest third of family income",
    "n": 55352,
    "note": "Seeded percentile bootstrap over respondents (500 replicates); it omits the CPS design effect and is too narrow by an unknown factor. The share depends on the order of the split and on how nonresponse is coded.",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens in the highest and lowest thirds of family income",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 68.846,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_sr_age_2024": {
    "display": "65%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration among respondents only (nonrespondents dropped from the registered share and from turnout), citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 28718,
    "note": "A point estimate without an interval.",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older and citizens aged 18 to 29 who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 65.3288,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_sr_black_2020": {
    "display": "61%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration among respondents only (nonrespondents dropped from the registered share and from turnout), White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 57946,
    "note": "A point estimate without an interval.",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "White and Black non-Hispanic citizens who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 60.9873,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_sr_black_2022": {
    "display": "38%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration among respondents only (nonrespondents dropped from the registered share and from turnout), White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 50856,
    "note": "A point estimate without an interval.",
    "period": "2022",
    "population": "White and Black non-Hispanic citizens who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 38.0097,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_sr_black_2024": {
    "display": "44%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration among respondents only (nonrespondents dropped from the registered share and from turnout), White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 51535,
    "note": "A point estimate without an interval.",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "White and Black non-Hispanic citizens who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 44.1908,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_sr_educ_2024": {
    "display": "67%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration among respondents only (nonrespondents dropped from the registered share and from turnout), citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more minus those without a high school diploma",
    "n": 26343,
    "note": "A point estimate without an interval.",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more and without a high school diploma who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 67.1158,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_sr_hisp_2024": {
    "display": "67%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration among respondents only (nonrespondents dropped from the registered share and from turnout), White non-Hispanic minus Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 52800,
    "note": "A point estimate without an interval.",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "White non-Hispanic and Hispanic citizens who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 66.9168,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "regshare_sr_inc_2024": {
    "display": "65%",
    "estimand": "share of the turnout difference that arises at registration among respondents only (nonrespondents dropped from the registered share and from turnout), highest minus lowest third of family income",
    "n": 48044,
    "note": "A point estimate without an interval.",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens in the highest and lowest thirds of family income who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent of the turnout difference",
    "value": 64.6135,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "res_1976": {
    "ci": [
      58.8,
      59.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "59.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting; persons outside the voting-question universe count as not voting",
    "n": 89090,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1976",
    "population": "all residents 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 59.1549,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "res_1996": {
    "ci": [
      53.9,
      54.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "54.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting; persons outside the voting-question universe count as not voting",
    "n": 89609,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1996",
    "population": "all residents 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 54.23,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "res_2024": {
    "ci": [
      58.9,
      59.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "59.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting; persons outside the voting-question universe count as not voting",
    "n": 78650,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "all residents 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 59.2663,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "sr_2020": {
    "display": "79.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting; nonresponse excluded (self-report convention)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 79.2196,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "sr_2024": {
    "display": "76.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting; nonresponse excluded (self-report convention)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 76.0933,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "srgap_age_2024": {
    "ci": [
      21.8,
      24.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "23.0",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share who reported voting among respondents (self-report convention): citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 28718,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 23.0289,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "srgap_black_2024": {
    "ci": [
      6.3,
      9.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "7.7",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share who reported voting among respondents (self-report convention): White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 51535,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 7.72439,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "srgap_educ_2024": {
    "ci": [
      40.9,
      44.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "42.9",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share who reported voting among respondents (self-report convention): bachelor's degree or more minus no high school diploma",
    "n": 26343,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 42.9013,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "srgap_hisp_2024": {
    "ci": [
      18.3,
      21
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "19.6",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share who reported voting among respondents (self-report convention): White non-Hispanic minus Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 52800,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 19.6184,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "srgap_inc_2024": {
    "ci": [
      19.8,
      21.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "20.7",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share who reported voting among respondents (self-report convention): highest minus lowest third of family income",
    "n": 48044,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older who answered the voting question",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 20.7125,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "totdiff_age_2024": {
    "ci": [
      22.7,
      25.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "23.9",
    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: citizens 65 and older minus citizens 18 to 29",
    "n": 33208,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older and citizens aged 18 to 29",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 23.9423,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "totdiff_black_2024": {
    "ci": [
      9,
      11.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "10.4",
    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: White non-Hispanic minus Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 58873,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "White and Black non-Hispanic citizens",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 10.4123,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "totdiff_educ_2024": {
    "ci": [
      38.7,
      42.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "40.5",
    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more minus those without a high school diploma",
    "n": 29750,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more and without a high school diploma",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 40.5407,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "totdiff_hisp_2024": {
    "ci": [
      18.6,
      21.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "19.9",
    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: White non-Hispanic minus Hispanic citizens",
    "n": 60301,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "White non-Hispanic and Hispanic citizens",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 19.8824,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "totdiff_inc_2024": {
    "ci": [
      19.3,
      21.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "20.2",
    "estimand": "difference in weighted turnout: highest minus lowest third of family income",
    "n": 55352,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "citizens in the highest and lowest thirds of family income",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 20.216,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "treg_ba_2024": {
    "ci": [
      93.8,
      94.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "94.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of the registered who voted",
    "n": 21949,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more who were registered",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 94.198,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "treg_lths_2024": {
    "ci": [
      74,
      78.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "76.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share of the registered who voted",
    "n": 2115,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older without a high school diploma who were registered",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 76.085,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_a1829_1996": {
    "ci": [
      38.8,
      40.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "39.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 17234,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1996 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens aged 18 to 29",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 39.5932,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_a1829_2008": {
    "ci": [
      50.2,
      51.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "51.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 17867,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2008 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens aged 18 to 29",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 51.0564,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_a1829_2024": {
    "ci": [
      49.7,
      51.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "50.7%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 12303,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens aged 18 to 29",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 50.7489,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_a65_1996": {
    "ci": [
      68.3,
      70
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "69.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 15076,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1996 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 69.1381,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_a65_2008": {
    "ci": [
      69.5,
      71.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "70.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 17170,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2008 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 70.3122,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_a65_2024": {
    "ci": [
      74,
      75.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "74.7%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 20905,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens aged 65 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 74.6911,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_asian_2024": {
    "ci": [
      55.9,
      59.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "57.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 3853,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "Asian or Pacific Islander non-Hispanic citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 57.6134,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_ba_2024": {
    "ci": [
      79,
      80.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "79.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 25742,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older with a bachelor's degree or more",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 79.6133,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_black_2024": {
    "ci": [
      58.7,
      61.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "60.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 6636,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "Black non-Hispanic citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 60.0514,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_hisp_2024": {
    "ci": [
      49.4,
      51.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "50.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 8064,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "Hispanic citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 50.5813,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_inc_hi_2024": {
    "ci": [
      73.9,
      75.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "74.5%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 28984,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older in the highest third of family income that year",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 74.5244,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_inc_lo_2024": {
    "ci": [
      53.6,
      55
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "54.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 26368,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 18 and older in the lowest third of family income that year",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 54.3084,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_lths_2024": {
    "ci": [
      37.4,
      40.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "39.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 4008,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "citizens 25 and older without a high school diploma",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 39.0726,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  },
  "v_white_2024": {
    "ci": [
      70,
      70.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "70.5%",
    "estimand": "weighted share who reported voting (Census convention: nonresponse counted as not voting)",
    "n": 52237,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024 presidential election",
    "population": "White non-Hispanic citizens 18 and older",
    "source": "cps",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 70.4637,
    "weights": "VOSUPPWT"
  }
}