{
  "alt": "Dot chart in five panels, one each for education, race and ethnicity, religion, age and gender. Every group has two dots with intervals, the Democratic share of the group's voters and the group's share of Democratic voters. White voters have a Democratic share below an even split and the largest share of Democratic voters of any racial or ethnic group, and Black voters have the highest Democratic share of any racial or ethnic group and a much smaller share of Democratic voters.",
  "caption": "The two dots in a row answer different questions and can sit far apart. {fact:den_black_v} of Black voters voted Democratic, and Black voters were {fact:den_black_c} of Democratic voters; {fact:den_white_v} of white voters voted Democratic, and white voters were {fact:den_white_c} of Democratic voters. The first dot divides by the group's voters and the second by the party's voters, and the group's share of all voters links them. The table gives that share and the group's share of Republican voters.",
  "data": [
    {
      "coal_rep": 11.9805,
      "conf_high": 63.39,
      "conf_low": 60.3239,
      "dimension": "Education",
      "estimate": 61.857,
      "group": "Postgraduate degree",
      "n": 6565,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 16.0315
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 11.9805,
      "conf_high": 21.0891,
      "conf_low": 19.4201,
      "dimension": "Education",
      "estimate": 20.2546,
      "group": "Postgraduate degree",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 16.0315
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 23.9543,
      "conf_high": 53.9371,
      "conf_low": 51.1866,
      "dimension": "Education",
      "estimate": 52.5618,
      "group": "College graduate",
      "n": 10429,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 25.7732
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 23.9543,
      "conf_high": 28.5984,
      "conf_low": 26.7406,
      "dimension": "Education",
      "estimate": 27.6695,
      "group": "College graduate",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 25.7732
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 32.2294,
      "conf_high": 48.4862,
      "conf_low": 45.8398,
      "dimension": "Education",
      "estimate": 47.163,
      "group": "Some college",
      "n": 14759,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 31.1335
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 32.2294,
      "conf_high": 30.9424,
      "conf_low": 29.0395,
      "dimension": "Education",
      "estimate": 29.9909,
      "group": "Some college",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 31.1335
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 31.8358,
      "conf_high": 41.6167,
      "conf_low": 38.2947,
      "dimension": "Education",
      "estimate": 39.9557,
      "group": "High school or less",
      "n": 10255,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 27.0618
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 31.8358,
      "conf_high": 22.9463,
      "conf_low": 21.2237,
      "dimension": "Education",
      "estimate": 22.085,
      "group": "High school or less",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 27.0618
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 79.984,
      "conf_high": 44.3559,
      "conf_low": 42.7121,
      "dimension": "Race and ethnicity",
      "estimate": 43.534,
      "group": "White",
      "n": 31857,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 72.2985
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 79.984,
      "conf_high": 65.2813,
      "conf_low": 63.2915,
      "dimension": "Race and ethnicity",
      "estimate": 64.2864,
      "group": "White",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 72.2985
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 3.29702,
      "conf_high": 84.0364,
      "conf_low": 79.7885,
      "dimension": "Race and ethnicity",
      "estimate": 81.9125,
      "group": "Black",
      "n": 3753,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 9.30369
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 3.29702,
      "conf_high": 16.3184,
      "conf_low": 14.8129,
      "dimension": "Race and ethnicity",
      "estimate": 15.5656,
      "group": "Black",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 9.30369
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 9.22153,
      "conf_high": 57.5756,
      "conf_low": 51.8946,
      "dimension": "Race and ethnicity",
      "estimate": 54.7351,
      "group": "Hispanic",
      "n": 3564,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 10.3981
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 9.22153,
      "conf_high": 12.2902,
      "conf_low": 10.9592,
      "dimension": "Race and ethnicity",
      "estimate": 11.6247,
      "group": "Hispanic",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 10.3981
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 2.64431,
      "conf_high": 67.4333,
      "conf_low": 58.617,
      "dimension": "Race and ethnicity",
      "estimate": 63.0251,
      "group": "Asian",
      "n": 1065,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 3.65022
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 2.64431,
      "conf_high": 5.13828,
      "conf_low": 4.25948,
      "dimension": "Race and ethnicity",
      "estimate": 4.69888,
      "group": "Asian",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 3.65022
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 4.85314,
      "conf_high": 47.0001,
      "conf_low": 39.099,
      "dimension": "Race and ethnicity",
      "estimate": 43.0495,
      "group": "Other",
      "n": 1769,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 4.34949
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 4.85314,
      "conf_high": 4.22266,
      "conf_low": 3.42621,
      "dimension": "Race and ethnicity",
      "estimate": 3.82444,
      "group": "Other",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 4.34949
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 48.5166,
      "conf_high": 34.0623,
      "conf_low": 31.7556,
      "dimension": "Religion",
      "estimate": 32.9089,
      "group": "Protestant",
      "n": 14201,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 36.909
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 48.5166,
      "conf_high": 25.7055,
      "conf_low": 23.9114,
      "dimension": "Religion",
      "estimate": 24.8084,
      "group": "Protestant",
      "n": 23506,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 36.909
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 20.577,
      "conf_high": 44.9916,
      "conf_low": 41.5772,
      "dimension": "Religion",
      "estimate": 43.2844,
      "group": "Catholic",
      "n": 7973,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 18.5177
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 20.577,
      "conf_high": 17.1394,
      "conf_low": 15.6024,
      "dimension": "Religion",
      "estimate": 16.3709,
      "group": "Catholic",
      "n": 23506,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 18.5177
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 1.67601,
      "conf_high": 72.0696,
      "conf_low": 63.9882,
      "dimension": "Religion",
      "estimate": 68.0289,
      "group": "Jewish",
      "n": 1219,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 2.67563
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 1.67601,
      "conf_high": 4.11064,
      "conf_low": 3.32476,
      "dimension": "Religion",
      "estimate": 3.7177,
      "group": "Jewish",
      "n": 23506,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 2.67563
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 11.5491,
      "conf_high": 48.2222,
      "conf_low": 43.1296,
      "dimension": "Religion",
      "estimate": 45.6759,
      "group": "Other religion",
      "n": 4287,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 10.8508
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 11.5491,
      "conf_high": 10.7493,
      "conf_low": 9.4964,
      "dimension": "Religion",
      "estimate": 10.1229,
      "group": "Other religion",
      "n": 23506,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 10.8508
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 17.6813,
      "conf_high": 72.1523,
      "conf_low": 69.7136,
      "dimension": "Religion",
      "estimate": 70.9329,
      "group": "No religion",
      "n": 14311,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 31.0469
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 17.6813,
      "conf_high": 46.0133,
      "conf_low": 43.9469,
      "dimension": "Religion",
      "estimate": 44.9801,
      "group": "No religion",
      "n": 23506,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 31.0469
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 9.06249,
      "conf_high": 63.6235,
      "conf_low": 57.5627,
      "dimension": "Age",
      "estimate": 60.5931,
      "group": "18 to 29",
      "n": 3082,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 11.7378
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 9.06249,
      "conf_high": 15.2585,
      "conf_low": 13.7952,
      "dimension": "Age",
      "estimate": 14.5269,
      "group": "18 to 29",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 11.7378
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 20.3318,
      "conf_high": 56.8184,
      "conf_low": 53.4639,
      "dimension": "Age",
      "estimate": 55.1411,
      "group": "30 to 44",
      "n": 7073,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 23.1335
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 20.3318,
      "conf_high": 26.9656,
      "conf_low": 25.1428,
      "dimension": "Age",
      "estimate": 26.0542,
      "group": "30 to 44",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 23.1335
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 38.8171,
      "conf_high": 45.0864,
      "conf_low": 42.7668,
      "dimension": "Age",
      "estimate": 43.9266,
      "group": "45 to 64",
      "n": 16848,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 35.3329
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 38.8171,
      "conf_high": 32.6669,
      "conf_low": 30.7345,
      "dimension": "Age",
      "estimate": 31.7007,
      "group": "45 to 64",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 35.3329
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 31.7886,
      "conf_high": 46.6834,
      "conf_low": 44.4085,
      "dimension": "Age",
      "estimate": 45.5459,
      "group": "65 and over",
      "n": 15005,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 29.7958
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 31.7886,
      "conf_high": 28.6476,
      "conf_low": 26.7888,
      "dimension": "Age",
      "estimate": 27.7182,
      "group": "65 and over",
      "n": 23517,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 29.7958
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 48.7157,
      "conf_high": 51.8134,
      "conf_low": 49.7644,
      "dimension": "Gender",
      "estimate": 50.7889,
      "group": "Women",
      "n": 21759,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 50.7362
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 48.7157,
      "conf_high": 53.9012,
      "conf_low": 51.82,
      "dimension": "Gender",
      "estimate": 52.8606,
      "group": "Women",
      "n": 23300,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 50.7362
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 51.2843,
      "conf_high": 47.7614,
      "conf_low": 45.53,
      "dimension": "Gender",
      "estimate": 46.6457,
      "group": "Men",
      "n": 19998,
      "series": "Democratic share of the group's voters",
      "share_all": 49.2638
    },
    {
      "coal_rep": 51.2843,
      "conf_high": 48.18,
      "conf_low": 46.0988,
      "dimension": "Gender",
      "estimate": 47.1394,
      "group": "Men",
      "n": 23300,
      "series": "Group's share of Democratic voters",
      "share_all": 49.2638
    }
  ],
  "id": "two_denominators",
  "notes": [
    "The CES is an opt-in online panel, so its intervals are model based and do not cover how respondents were recruited."
  ],
  "source": "Cooperative Election Study cumulative file, 2024; weighted (weight_cumulative); two-party presidential voters",
  "spec": {
    "colors": {
      "Democratic share of the group's voters": "accent",
      "Group's share of Democratic voters": "dem"
    },
    "facet": "dimension",
    "facetColumns": 2,
    "group": "series",
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "sort": "data",
    "x": "estimate",
    "xDomain": [
      0,
      100
    ],
    "xFormat": {
      "digits": 1
    },
    "xLabel": "Percent of two-party voters",
    "y": "group"
  },
  "subtitle": "Two shares for each group of two-party presidential voters in 2024: the Democratic share of the group's voters and the group's share of all Democratic voters, percent; 95% intervals from the Kish effective sample size",
  "table": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "dimension",
        "label": "Dimension"
      },
      {
        "key": "group",
        "label": "Group"
      },
      {
        "key": "series",
        "label": "Share"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "estimate",
        "label": "Estimate (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "conf_low",
        "label": "95% CI low"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "conf_high",
        "label": "95% CI high"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "thousands": true
        },
        "key": "n",
        "label": "n voters in the denominator"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "share_all",
        "label": "Group's share of all voters (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "coal_rep",
        "label": "Group's share of Republican voters (%)"
      }
    ]
  },
  "title": "In 2024 white voters leaned Republican and still made up most of the Democratic coalition",
  "type": "dot",
  "width": "wide"
}