{
  "alt": "Three lines by election cycle from 1980 to 2024: reliable donors, candidates with a score and seated winners. The donor and candidate lines start at {fact:share_1980} and {fact:cand_1980}. The candidate line reaches {fact:cand_2020} in 2020 and rises to {fact:cand_2024} in 2024, while the donor line ends at {fact:share_2024}. The winners line stops in 2022 and is lowest in 2020.",
  "caption": "The candidate line is lower in 2020 than in 1980 and higher in 2022 and 2024 than in 2020, while the donor line keeps falling. Among candidates with a score the share was {fact:cand_1980} in 1980, {fact:cand_2020} in 2020, its lowest value, {fact:cand_2022} in 2022 and {fact:cand_2024} in 2024. Among seated winners it was {fact:seated_1980} in 1980, {fact:seated_2020} in 2020 and {fact:seated_2022} in 2022, the last cycle with winners coded.",
  "data": [
    {
      "cycle": 1980,
      "n": 31138,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 11.8119
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1982,
      "n": 25207,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 12.2625
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1984,
      "n": 39460,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 12.0451
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1986,
      "n": 45211,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 12.9548
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1988,
      "n": 70902,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 12.7359
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1990,
      "n": 111512,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 11.3477
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1992,
      "n": 167283,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 10.9987
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1994,
      "n": 197604,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 10.6956
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1996,
      "n": 297838,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 10.6954
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1998,
      "n": 470028,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 10.1137
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2000,
      "n": 598971,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 10.0412
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2002,
      "n": 794413,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 9.57625
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2004,
      "n": 1033327,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 7.71053
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2006,
      "n": 1142451,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 7.84357
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2008,
      "n": 1425885,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 6.23164
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2010,
      "n": 1409984,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 6.55759
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2012,
      "n": 1805776,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 4.5978
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2014,
      "n": 1597010,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 4.80968
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2016,
      "n": 1978112,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 3.41022
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2018,
      "n": 2161252,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 2.52391
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2020,
      "n": 3483649,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 1.5468
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2022,
      "n": 3082400,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 1.39288
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2024,
      "n": 2533588,
      "series": "Donors",
      "share": 1.16223
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1980,
      "n": 1265,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 13.2806
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1982,
      "n": 1349,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 9.78503
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1984,
      "n": 1271,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 10.7002
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1986,
      "n": 1240,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 10.7258
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1988,
      "n": 1271,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 10.4642
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1990,
      "n": 1290,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 12.8682
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1992,
      "n": 1793,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 12.3815
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1994,
      "n": 1787,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 11.4158
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1996,
      "n": 1762,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 9.36436
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1998,
      "n": 1402,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 9.27247
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2000,
      "n": 1443,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 8.31601
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2002,
      "n": 1474,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 9.97286
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2004,
      "n": 1472,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 7.8125
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2006,
      "n": 1525,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 7.54098
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2008,
      "n": 1635,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 8.25688
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2010,
      "n": 2113,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 6.81496
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2012,
      "n": 1957,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 5.31426
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2014,
      "n": 1780,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 4.32584
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2016,
      "n": 1750,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 4.68571
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2018,
      "n": 2336,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 2.86815
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2020,
      "n": 2543,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 2.00551
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2022,
      "n": 2745,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 2.62295
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2024,
      "n": 2329,
      "series": "Candidates",
      "share": 3.09146
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1980,
      "n": 451,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 16.1863
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1982,
      "n": 461,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 12.1475
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1984,
      "n": 459,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 13.2898
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1986,
      "n": 456,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 13.8158
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1988,
      "n": 463,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 13.1749
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1990,
      "n": 470,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 16.1702
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1992,
      "n": 468,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 13.8889
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1994,
      "n": 464,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 13.3621
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1996,
      "n": 452,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 9.29204
    },
    {
      "cycle": 1998,
      "n": 481,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 10.8108
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2000,
      "n": 470,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 10
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2002,
      "n": 478,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 9.62343
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2004,
      "n": 469,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 8.95522
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2006,
      "n": 476,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 8.40336
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2008,
      "n": 474,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 11.3924
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2010,
      "n": 476,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 7.56303
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2012,
      "n": 471,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 4.67091
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2014,
      "n": 468,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 4.05983
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2016,
      "n": 468,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 3.84615
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2018,
      "n": 459,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 3.05011
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2020,
      "n": 469,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 1.49254
    },
    {
      "cycle": 2022,
      "n": 469,
      "series": "Winners",
      "share": 2.77186
    }
  ],
  "id": "candidate_center",
  "notes": [
    "Candidate scores are the dynamic CFscore, estimated from the donors who give to each candidate, so the candidate and donor lines rest on the same giving records. The candidate lines cover federal House and Senate candidates only, and the donor line covers gifts to federal and state recipients.",
    "The rise after 2020 rests on small counts: {fact:n_cand_near_2020} of {fact:n_cand_2020} candidates in 2020 and {fact:n_cand_near_2024} of {fact:n_cand_2024} in 2024, and among seated winners {fact:n_seat_near_2020} of {fact:n_seat_2020} in 2020 and {fact:n_seat_near_2022} of {fact:n_seat_2022} in 2022.",
    "Candidates with a score are {fact:cand_cov_min} to {fact:cand_cov_max} of the major-party House and Senate candidates in the file, by cycle. Candidates without a score are not plotted.",
    "General-election winners are not coded for 2024 in this DIME release. Full counts: no sampling interval."
  ],
  "source": "Stanford DIME v4.0 (Bonica), election cycles 1980-2024; full counts of federal House and Senate candidates, no weights",
  "spec": {
    "colors": {
      "Candidates": "cat2",
      "Donors": "cat1",
      "Winners": "cat3"
    },
    "n": "n",
    "series": "series",
    "x": "cycle",
    "xDomain": [
      1980,
      2024
    ],
    "xLabel": "Election cycle",
    "y": "share",
    "yDomain": [
      0,
      18
    ],
    "yFormat": {
      "digits": 1,
      "suffix": "%"
    },
    "yLabel": "Share within 0.25 of zero (%)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Percent with a CFscore within 0.25 of zero: reliable donors, House and Senate candidates with a score, and seated winners, by election cycle",
  "table": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "cycle",
        "label": "Election cycle"
      },
      {
        "key": "series",
        "label": "Series"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "share",
        "label": "Share within 0.25 of zero (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "thousands": true
        },
        "key": "n",
        "label": "Donors or candidates"
      }
    ]
  },
  "title": "The share of federal candidates near the center fell from {fact:cand_1980} in 1980 to {fact:cand_2020} in 2020 and was {fact:cand_2024} in 2024",
  "type": "line",
  "width": "wide"
}