{
  "alt": "Line chart of the party gap by survey year for three surveys. In the abortion view the ANES and GSS lines both start near zero, rise together, and end near one standard deviation; the CES line starts in 2014 near {fact:ces_abortion_first} standard deviations and rises. The racial resentment and religion views show the ANES and GSS lines rising and, for religion, the CES line starting above the rule.",
  "caption": "The GSS abortion-for-any-reason gap stays above the rule from {fact:gss_abortion_point} by the point estimate and {fact:gss_abortion_bound} by the lower bound, against {fact:abortion_point} and {fact:abortion_bound} in the ANES. The GSS gap is {fact:gss_abortion_gap_1977} SD in 1977 and {fact:gss_abortion_gap_2024} in 2024, against {fact:abortion_gap_1980} and {fact:abortion_gap_2024} in the ANES, and the CES starts in 2014 at {fact:ces_abortion_first}. The items differ across surveys, so compare the timing and not the height. Use the views to switch attitude.",
  "data": [
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.0844717,
      "conf_low": -0.13184,
      "estimate": -0.023684,
      "n": 1313,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.0266585,
      "conf_low": -0.205277,
      "estimate": -0.089309,
      "n": 1173,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.208307,
      "conf_low": 0.0296274,
      "estimate": 0.118967,
      "n": 1888,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.0608355,
      "conf_low": -0.121756,
      "estimate": -0.0304603,
      "n": 1818,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.137063,
      "conf_low": -0.0504043,
      "estimate": 0.0433292,
      "n": 1751,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.15507,
      "conf_low": -0.0363393,
      "estimate": 0.0593652,
      "n": 1692,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.34419,
      "conf_low": 0.171899,
      "estimate": 0.258045,
      "n": 2097,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.303034,
      "conf_low": 0.0841069,
      "estimate": 0.19357,
      "n": 1537,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.359146,
      "conf_low": 0.134377,
      "estimate": 0.246762,
      "n": 1521,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.447475,
      "conf_low": 0.191538,
      "estimate": 0.319506,
      "n": 1106,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.375809,
      "conf_low": 0.156537,
      "estimate": 0.266173,
      "n": 1532,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.50708,
      "conf_low": 0.230196,
      "estimate": 0.368638,
      "n": 931,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.583597,
      "conf_low": 0.259343,
      "estimate": 0.42147,
      "n": 893,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.71902,
      "conf_low": 0.576536,
      "estimate": 0.647778,
      "n": 5068,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.775696,
      "conf_low": 0.627538,
      "estimate": 0.701617,
      "n": 3630,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 1.02113,
      "conf_low": 0.908791,
      "estimate": 0.964958,
      "n": 7002,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 1.13629,
      "conf_low": 0.992743,
      "estimate": 1.06452,
      "n": 4666,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": -0.00583065,
      "conf_low": -0.261466,
      "estimate": -0.133648,
      "n": 1299,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1977
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.0628548,
      "conf_low": -0.224067,
      "estimate": -0.0806063,
      "n": 1263,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1978
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.192669,
      "conf_low": -0.092756,
      "estimate": 0.0499563,
      "n": 1165,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.118898,
      "conf_low": -0.156031,
      "estimate": -0.0185665,
      "n": 1532,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": -0.017385,
      "conf_low": -0.297886,
      "estimate": -0.157636,
      "n": 1322,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1983
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.0447965,
      "conf_low": -0.240068,
      "estimate": -0.0976357,
      "n": 1245,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.174131,
      "conf_low": -0.0949452,
      "estimate": 0.039593,
      "n": 1322,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1985
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.0773777,
      "conf_low": -0.176792,
      "estimate": -0.0497074,
      "n": 1527,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1987
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.342084,
      "conf_low": 0.0377996,
      "estimate": 0.189942,
      "n": 817,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.242743,
      "conf_low": -0.058205,
      "estimate": 0.0922689,
      "n": 861,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1989
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.288425,
      "conf_low": -0.031759,
      "estimate": 0.128333,
      "n": 766,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.209653,
      "conf_low": -0.0998522,
      "estimate": 0.0549002,
      "n": 816,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1991
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.457837,
      "conf_low": 0.158176,
      "estimate": 0.308006,
      "n": 872,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1993
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.282238,
      "conf_low": 0.0639414,
      "estimate": 0.17309,
      "n": 1647,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.339114,
      "conf_low": 0.116021,
      "estimate": 0.227568,
      "n": 1513,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.411675,
      "conf_low": 0.181561,
      "estimate": 0.296618,
      "n": 1449,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.368592,
      "conf_low": 0.133229,
      "estimate": 0.250911,
      "n": 1378,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.551655,
      "conf_low": 0.219913,
      "estimate": 0.385784,
      "n": 719,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.525846,
      "conf_low": 0.188324,
      "estimate": 0.357085,
      "n": 700,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.527304,
      "conf_low": 0.284828,
      "estimate": 0.406066,
      "n": 1486,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2006
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.386116,
      "conf_low": 0.0975467,
      "estimate": 0.241831,
      "n": 1051,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.541464,
      "conf_low": 0.235084,
      "estimate": 0.388274,
      "n": 968,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2010
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.63731,
      "conf_low": 0.329521,
      "estimate": 0.483415,
      "n": 966,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.596358,
      "conf_low": 0.346015,
      "estimate": 0.471187,
      "n": 1290,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.556148,
      "conf_low": 0.306208,
      "estimate": 0.431178,
      "n": 1465,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.759666,
      "conf_low": 0.478745,
      "estimate": 0.619205,
      "n": 1189,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.882855,
      "conf_low": 0.593071,
      "estimate": 0.737963,
      "n": 1044,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2021
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 1.25794,
      "conf_low": 0.902209,
      "estimate": 1.08007,
      "n": 831,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 1.08573,
      "conf_low": 0.840057,
      "estimate": 0.962891,
      "n": 1534,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.880818,
      "conf_low": 0.829296,
      "estimate": 0.855057,
      "n": 44398,
      "series": "CES",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 0.93894,
      "conf_low": 0.895557,
      "estimate": 0.917249,
      "n": 51939,
      "series": "CES",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 1.0913,
      "conf_low": 1.04759,
      "estimate": 1.06944,
      "n": 49255,
      "series": "CES",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Abortion",
      "conf_high": 1.12826,
      "conf_low": 1.08619,
      "estimate": 1.10723,
      "n": 49758,
      "series": "CES",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.494487,
      "conf_low": 0.24268,
      "estimate": 0.368584,
      "n": 927,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.518453,
      "conf_low": 0.326172,
      "estimate": 0.422312,
      "n": 1554,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.440451,
      "conf_low": 0.182036,
      "estimate": 0.311243,
      "n": 857,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.572249,
      "conf_low": 0.401933,
      "estimate": 0.487091,
      "n": 1947,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.621415,
      "conf_low": 0.411933,
      "estimate": 0.516674,
      "n": 1566,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.633178,
      "conf_low": 0.384195,
      "estimate": 0.508687,
      "n": 1104,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.678198,
      "conf_low": 0.452462,
      "estimate": 0.56533,
      "n": 1348,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.874084,
      "conf_low": 0.615525,
      "estimate": 0.744805,
      "n": 948,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.839135,
      "conf_low": 0.624782,
      "estimate": 0.731959,
      "n": 1824,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.961507,
      "conf_low": 0.822696,
      "estimate": 0.892101,
      "n": 4741,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 1.106,
      "conf_low": 0.961271,
      "estimate": 1.03363,
      "n": 3151,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 1.34221,
      "conf_low": 1.23886,
      "estimate": 1.29054,
      "n": 6495,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 1.29702,
      "conf_low": 1.16166,
      "estimate": 1.22934,
      "n": 4565,
      "series": "ANES",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.467711,
      "conf_low": 0.220061,
      "estimate": 0.343886,
      "n": 1211,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.569606,
      "conf_low": 0.360209,
      "estimate": 0.464907,
      "n": 1608,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.457731,
      "conf_low": 0.237586,
      "estimate": 0.347658,
      "n": 1478,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.497226,
      "conf_low": 0.26902,
      "estimate": 0.383123,
      "n": 1417,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.4939,
      "conf_low": 0.14591,
      "estimate": 0.319905,
      "n": 698,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.602917,
      "conf_low": 0.268904,
      "estimate": 0.43591,
      "n": 742,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.550218,
      "conf_low": 0.317202,
      "estimate": 0.43371,
      "n": 1556,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2006
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.485965,
      "conf_low": 0.20172,
      "estimate": 0.343842,
      "n": 1083,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.688949,
      "conf_low": 0.41575,
      "estimate": 0.55235,
      "n": 1134,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2010
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.659364,
      "conf_low": 0.364977,
      "estimate": 0.512171,
      "n": 997,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.660441,
      "conf_low": 0.414005,
      "estimate": 0.537223,
      "n": 1282,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.750148,
      "conf_low": 0.519451,
      "estimate": 0.6348,
      "n": 1496,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 0.859017,
      "conf_low": 0.576609,
      "estimate": 0.717813,
      "n": 1182,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 1.1533,
      "conf_low": 0.966996,
      "estimate": 1.06015,
      "n": 2044,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2021
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 1.03023,
      "conf_low": 0.754579,
      "estimate": 0.892406,
      "n": 1703,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Racial resentment",
      "conf_high": 1.06598,
      "conf_low": 0.814178,
      "estimate": 0.940078,
      "n": 1538,
      "series": "GSS",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.164601,
      "conf_low": -0.0627865,
      "estimate": 0.0509073,
      "n": 1196,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.0610084,
      "conf_low": -0.132123,
      "estimate": -0.0355573,
      "n": 1667,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.129304,
      "conf_low": -0.126593,
      "estimate": 0.00135545,
      "n": 908,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.0467695,
      "conf_low": -0.147904,
      "estimate": -0.0505675,
      "n": 1554,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.0384395,
      "conf_low": -0.151227,
      "estimate": -0.0563938,
      "n": 1713,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.0873983,
      "conf_low": -0.0875587,
      "estimate": -8.02183e-05,
      "n": 1989,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.147133,
      "conf_low": -0.0684045,
      "estimate": 0.0393642,
      "n": 1569,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.101384,
      "conf_low": -0.123648,
      "estimate": -0.0111318,
      "n": 1543,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.155026,
      "conf_low": -0.10347,
      "estimate": 0.0257776,
      "n": 1114,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.190176,
      "conf_low": -0.0278926,
      "estimate": 0.0811415,
      "n": 1564,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.305777,
      "conf_low": 0.0484058,
      "estimate": 0.177091,
      "n": 1366,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.239775,
      "conf_low": -0.0235001,
      "estimate": 0.108137,
      "n": 1068,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.319432,
      "conf_low": 0.102465,
      "estimate": 0.210949,
      "n": 2010,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.374935,
      "conf_low": 0.229458,
      "estimate": 0.302196,
      "n": 5077,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.492323,
      "conf_low": 0.342403,
      "estimate": 0.417363,
      "n": 3652,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.519342,
      "conf_low": 0.399768,
      "estimate": 0.459555,
      "n": 7265,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.594718,
      "conf_low": 0.441306,
      "estimate": 0.518012,
      "n": 5086,
      "series": "ANES importance",
      "survey": "ANES",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.182777,
      "conf_low": -0.0655795,
      "estimate": 0.0585986,
      "n": 1333,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1977
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.288286,
      "conf_low": 0.00839904,
      "estimate": 0.148343,
      "n": 1293,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1978
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.277155,
      "conf_low": 0.00425923,
      "estimate": 0.140707,
      "n": 1204,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.178406,
      "conf_low": -0.0892424,
      "estimate": 0.0445819,
      "n": 1607,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.166986,
      "conf_low": -0.101537,
      "estimate": 0.0327247,
      "n": 1386,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1983
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.226968,
      "conf_low": -0.0544249,
      "estimate": 0.0862717,
      "n": 1275,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.147366,
      "conf_low": -0.117441,
      "estimate": 0.0149626,
      "n": 1364,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1985
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.215458,
      "conf_low": -0.0260987,
      "estimate": 0.0946797,
      "n": 1269,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.172499,
      "conf_low": -0.0740872,
      "estimate": 0.0492057,
      "n": 1586,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1987
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.347911,
      "conf_low": 0.105177,
      "estimate": 0.226544,
      "n": 1288,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.201016,
      "conf_low": -0.0401743,
      "estimate": 0.0804206,
      "n": 1326,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1989
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.280148,
      "conf_low": 0.0268624,
      "estimate": 0.153505,
      "n": 1170,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.15767,
      "conf_low": -0.0827307,
      "estimate": 0.0374697,
      "n": 1289,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1991
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.32012,
      "conf_low": 0.083263,
      "estimate": 0.201692,
      "n": 1345,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1993
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.254979,
      "conf_low": 0.0790919,
      "estimate": 0.167035,
      "n": 2490,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.202962,
      "conf_low": 0.0223258,
      "estimate": 0.112644,
      "n": 2328,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.298874,
      "conf_low": 0.115733,
      "estimate": 0.207304,
      "n": 2251,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.363307,
      "conf_low": 0.17428,
      "estimate": 0.268793,
      "n": 2139,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.384599,
      "conf_low": 0.191977,
      "estimate": 0.288288,
      "n": 2147,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.303188,
      "conf_low": 0.110224,
      "estimate": 0.206706,
      "n": 2292,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.373733,
      "conf_low": 0.213123,
      "estimate": 0.293428,
      "n": 3415,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2006
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.439516,
      "conf_low": 0.20787,
      "estimate": 0.323693,
      "n": 1646,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.384848,
      "conf_low": 0.142263,
      "estimate": 0.263556,
      "n": 1617,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2010
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.399818,
      "conf_low": 0.148281,
      "estimate": 0.274049,
      "n": 1530,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.435006,
      "conf_low": 0.228046,
      "estimate": 0.331526,
      "n": 1945,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.396909,
      "conf_low": 0.197937,
      "estimate": 0.297423,
      "n": 2284,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.3786,
      "conf_low": 0.139401,
      "estimate": 0.259,
      "n": 1816,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.453858,
      "conf_low": 0.278159,
      "estimate": 0.366009,
      "n": 3041,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2021
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.466287,
      "conf_low": 0.216671,
      "estimate": 0.341479,
      "n": 2551,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.552428,
      "conf_low": 0.328679,
      "estimate": 0.440553,
      "n": 2343,
      "series": "GSS attendance",
      "survey": "GSS",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.518844,
      "conf_low": 0.464558,
      "estimate": 0.491701,
      "n": 28578,
      "series": "CES importance",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.444431,
      "conf_low": 0.389679,
      "estimate": 0.417055,
      "n": 47850,
      "series": "CES importance",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2010
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.559997,
      "conf_low": 0.507473,
      "estimate": 0.533735,
      "n": 45816,
      "series": "CES importance",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.505776,
      "conf_low": 0.452511,
      "estimate": 0.479143,
      "n": 44749,
      "series": "CES importance",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.483755,
      "conf_low": 0.438291,
      "estimate": 0.461023,
      "n": 51957,
      "series": "CES importance",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.630771,
      "conf_low": 0.58281,
      "estimate": 0.60679,
      "n": 49085,
      "series": "CES importance",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.652013,
      "conf_low": 0.605295,
      "estimate": 0.628654,
      "n": 49754,
      "series": "CES importance",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.695033,
      "conf_low": 0.646809,
      "estimate": 0.670921,
      "n": 49506,
      "series": "CES importance",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "attitude": "Religion",
      "conf_high": 0.776815,
      "conf_low": 0.721539,
      "estimate": 0.749177,
      "n": 50837,
      "series": "CES importance",
      "survey": "CES",
      "year": 2024
    }
  ],
  "id": "other_surveys",
  "notes": [
    "ANES: four-category abortion legality, racial resentment index, importance of religion. GSS: abortion for any reason, whether Black Americans should work their way up without special favors, church attendance. CES: always-allow abortion (2014 to 2020) and importance of religion (2008 to 2024), even years only. Each item is standardized within survey and year.",
    "GSS interviews from 2021 include web respondents ({fact:gss_web_share_2021} of the 2021 respondents). In 2024 the face-to-face and web gaps are {fact:gss_abortion_2024_ftf} and {fact:gss_abortion_2024_web} SD on abortion, {fact:gss_race_2024_ftf} and {fact:gss_race_2024_web} on the work-your-way-up item and {fact:gss_religion_2024_ftf} and {fact:gss_religion_2024_web} on church attendance. The web gap is higher on all three items, beyond sampling error on the work-your-way-up item only."
  ],
  "source": "ANES Cumulative Data File 1980-2024, General Social Survey 1977-2024 and Cooperative Election Study 2008-2024; weighted (VCF0009z, weight_use, weight_cumulative)",
  "spec": {
    "annotations": [
      {
        "type": "y-rule",
        "y": 0
      },
      {
        "label": "Sort-date rule",
        "type": "y-rule",
        "y": 0.25
      }
    ],
    "colors": {
      "ANES": "cat1",
      "ANES importance": "cat1",
      "CES": "cat3",
      "CES importance": "cat3",
      "GSS": "cat2",
      "GSS attendance": "cat2"
    },
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "series": "series",
    "x": "year",
    "xDomain": [
      1976,
      2028
    ],
    "xFormat": {
      "digits": 0
    },
    "xLabel": "Survey year",
    "y": "estimate",
    "yDomain": [
      -0.4,
      1.6
    ],
    "yFormat": {
      "digits": 2,
      "signed": true
    },
    "yLabel": "Party gap (SD)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Republican minus Democratic identifiers (leaners included) in standard deviations of each survey's item in that year, ANES, GSS and CES, 95% intervals",
  "table": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "attitude",
        "label": "Attitude"
      },
      {
        "key": "series",
        "label": "Survey and measure"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 0
        },
        "key": "year",
        "label": "Survey year"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 2
        },
        "key": "estimate",
        "label": "Party gap (SD)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 2
        },
        "key": "conf_low",
        "label": "Lower 95% bound"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 2
        },
        "key": "conf_high",
        "label": "Upper 95% bound"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 0
        },
        "key": "n",
        "label": "Respondents"
      }
    ]
  },
  "title": "The GSS abortion gap passes {fact:rule_sd} SD {fact:gss_ab_after_anes_point} years after the ANES gap by the point estimate and {fact:gss_ab_after_anes_bound} years after by the lower bound",
  "type": "line",
  "views": [
    {
      "caption": "The GSS abortion-for-any-reason gap stays above the rule from {fact:gss_abortion_point} by the point estimate and {fact:gss_abortion_bound} by the lower bound, against {fact:abortion_point} and {fact:abortion_bound} in the ANES. The GSS gap is {fact:gss_abortion_gap_1977} SD in 1977 and {fact:gss_abortion_gap_2024} in 2024, against {fact:abortion_gap_1980} and {fact:abortion_gap_2024} in the ANES, and the CES starts in 2014 at {fact:ces_abortion_first}. The items differ across surveys, so compare the timing and not the height.",
      "filter": {
        "attitude": "Abortion"
      },
      "id": "abortion",
      "label": "Abortion",
      "title": "The GSS abortion gap passes {fact:rule_sd} SD {fact:gss_ab_after_anes_point} years after the ANES gap by the point estimate and {fact:gss_ab_after_anes_bound} years after by the lower bound"
    },
    {
      "caption": "The GSS item has a gap of {fact:gss_race_gap_1994} SD in 1994 and {fact:gss_race_gap_2024} in 2024, against {fact:race_gap_1986} in 1986 and {fact:race_gap_2024} in 2024 for the ANES index. The GSS gap moves from {fact:gss_race_gap_2018} in 2018 to {fact:gss_race_gap_2021} in 2021, the first wave with mostly web interviews ({fact:gss_web_share_2021} of respondents). The GSS uses one item and the ANES several, so compare the timing and not the height.",
      "filter": {
        "attitude": "Racial resentment"
      },
      "id": "race",
      "label": "Racial resentment",
      "title": "The GSS gap on working up without special favors rises from {fact:gss_race_gap_2018} SD in 2018 to {fact:gss_race_gap_2021} in 2021, the first wave with mostly web interviews"
    },
    {
      "caption": "In 2024 the GSS gap on church attendance is {fact:gss_religion_gap_2024} SD, the ANES gap on the importance of religion {fact:religion_gap_2024} and the CES gap on the importance of religion {fact:ces_religion_gap_2024}. In 2008 the CES gap is {fact:ces_religion_first} and the ANES gap {fact:religion_gap_2008}. The three items are different measures of religiosity, and the ANES and CES importance items differ in wording and scale, so compare the timing and not the height.",
      "filter": {
        "attitude": "Religion"
      },
      "id": "religion",
      "label": "Religion",
      "title": "GSS attendance passes {fact:rule_sd} SD {fact:gss_att_before_anes_point} years before ANES importance by the point estimate and {fact:gss_att_after_anes_bound} years after it by the lower bound"
    }
  ],
  "width": "wide"
}