{
  "alt": "Scatter plot of tradition-by-race groups. The horizontal axis is the share attending weekly or more and the vertical axis the Democratic share of the vote. White born-again Protestants are at {fact:fq_2024_wev} attending and {fact:lvv_2024_wev} Democratic, Black Protestants at {fact:fq_2024_bp} and {fact:lvv_2024_bp}, Mormon voters at {fact:fq_2024_mor} and {fact:lvv_2024_mor}, and unaffiliated voters at {fact:fq_2024_una} and {fact:lvv_2024_una}. The groups with the lowest and highest Democratic shares, white born-again Protestants and Black Protestants, are both at high attendance.",
  "caption": "Groups with high attendance sit far apart on the vote: Mormon voters, white born-again Protestants, Hispanic Protestants and Black Protestants have the four highest weekly attendance point estimates and range from {fact:lvv_2024_wev} to {fact:lvv_2024_bp} Democratic. Each dot is one group in the 2024 CES, and the data table gives the intervals for both axes.",
  "data": [
    {
      "attend_hi": 59.5444,
      "attend_lo": 56.0375,
      "attend_weekly": 57.7909,
      "dem_hi": 15.7203,
      "dem_lo": 13.2388,
      "dem_share": 14.4796,
      "family": "Protestant",
      "group": "White born-again Protestants",
      "n": 5987,
      "pop_share": 18.0752
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 20.0138,
      "attend_lo": 16.8766,
      "attend_weekly": 18.4452,
      "dem_hi": 44.9577,
      "dem_lo": 40.9787,
      "dem_share": 42.9682,
      "family": "Protestant",
      "group": "White Protestants who are not born-again",
      "n": 4979,
      "pop_share": 9.92085
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 51.0935,
      "attend_lo": 43.5732,
      "attend_weekly": 47.3333,
      "dem_hi": 85.9521,
      "dem_lo": 80.2939,
      "dem_share": 83.123,
      "family": "Protestant",
      "group": "Black Protestants",
      "n": 1889,
      "pop_share": 4.74354
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 61.7726,
      "attend_lo": 49.3603,
      "attend_weekly": 55.5665,
      "dem_hi": 38.9235,
      "dem_lo": 27.2534,
      "dem_share": 33.0884,
      "family": "Protestant",
      "group": "Hispanic Protestants",
      "n": 646,
      "pop_share": 2.08921
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 51.7487,
      "attend_lo": 39.8435,
      "attend_weekly": 45.7961,
      "dem_hi": 35.8889,
      "dem_lo": 24.956,
      "dem_share": 30.4225,
      "family": "Protestant",
      "group": "Asian or other-race Protestants",
      "n": 699,
      "pop_share": 2.06599
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 29.7223,
      "attend_lo": 26.4182,
      "attend_weekly": 28.0702,
      "dem_hi": 38.9057,
      "dem_lo": 35.3603,
      "dem_share": 37.133,
      "family": "Catholic",
      "group": "White Catholics",
      "n": 5974,
      "pop_share": 12.683
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 33.5577,
      "attend_lo": 25.2131,
      "attend_weekly": 29.3854,
      "dem_hi": 61.5259,
      "dem_lo": 52.4683,
      "dem_share": 56.9971,
      "family": "Catholic",
      "group": "Hispanic Catholics",
      "n": 1351,
      "pop_share": 3.9609
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 52.4842,
      "attend_lo": 31.9517,
      "attend_weekly": 42.2179,
      "dem_hi": 84.8126,
      "dem_lo": 67.158,
      "dem_share": 75.9853,
      "family": "Catholic",
      "group": "Black Catholics",
      "n": 260,
      "pop_share": 0.647124
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 44.5341,
      "attend_lo": 28.2914,
      "attend_weekly": 36.4127,
      "dem_hi": 53.7114,
      "dem_lo": 37.0205,
      "dem_share": 45.3659,
      "family": "Catholic",
      "group": "Asian or other-race Catholics",
      "n": 388,
      "pop_share": 1.22121
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 16.3349,
      "attend_lo": 10.4218,
      "attend_weekly": 13.3783,
      "dem_hi": 72.0696,
      "dem_lo": 63.9882,
      "dem_share": 68.0289,
      "family": "Other religion",
      "group": "Jewish",
      "n": 1219,
      "pop_share": 2.67485
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 74.0491,
      "attend_lo": 61.3936,
      "attend_weekly": 67.7214,
      "dem_hi": 37.3609,
      "dem_lo": 24.8314,
      "dem_share": 31.0962,
      "family": "Other religion",
      "group": "Mormon",
      "n": 438,
      "pop_share": 1.13227
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 48.7144,
      "attend_lo": 22.1507,
      "attend_weekly": 35.4325,
      "dem_hi": 79.0126,
      "dem_lo": 52.7037,
      "dem_share": 65.8582,
      "family": "Other religion",
      "group": "Muslim",
      "n": 139,
      "pop_share": 0.464405
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 54.0409,
      "attend_lo": 29.8327,
      "attend_weekly": 41.9368,
      "dem_hi": 42.0477,
      "dem_lo": 19.7429,
      "dem_share": 30.8953,
      "family": "Other religion",
      "group": "Orthodox Christian",
      "n": 197,
      "pop_share": 0.467867
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 12.9839,
      "attend_lo": 4.52383,
      "attend_weekly": 8.75385,
      "dem_hi": 78.5017,
      "dem_lo": 64.7802,
      "dem_share": 71.6409,
      "family": "Other religion",
      "group": "Buddhist or Hindu",
      "n": 431,
      "pop_share": 1.07976
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 32.4097,
      "attend_lo": 26.7002,
      "attend_weekly": 29.5549,
      "dem_hi": 46.9392,
      "dem_lo": 40.7816,
      "dem_share": 43.8604,
      "family": "Other religion",
      "group": "Another religion or something else",
      "n": 3082,
      "pop_share": 7.70333
    },
    {
      "attend_hi": 2.9709,
      "attend_lo": 2.1256,
      "attend_weekly": 2.54825,
      "dem_hi": 72.1523,
      "dem_lo": 69.7136,
      "dem_share": 70.9329,
      "family": "Unaffiliated",
      "group": "Unaffiliated",
      "n": 14311,
      "pop_share": 31.0379
    }
  ],
  "id": "devotion_vs_vote",
  "notes": [
    "Voters who gave no attendance answer are left out of the attendance shares. A cell is drawn only when it has at least {fact:floor_n} respondents and an effective sample of at least {fact:floor_n}.",
    "Intervals are 95% intervals from the Kish effective sample size and treat the weighted sample as a simple random sample. The CES is an opt-in online panel, so they cover sampling error and not how respondents were recruited."
  ],
  "source": "Cooperative Election Study, 2024; weighted (weight_cumulative)",
  "spec": {
    "colors": {
      "Catholic": "cat2",
      "Other religion": "cat3",
      "Protestant": "cat1",
      "Unaffiliated": "cat4"
    },
    "group": "family",
    "highlight": [
      "White born-again Protestants",
      "Black Protestants"
    ],
    "label": "group",
    "size": "pop_share",
    "sizeFormat": {
      "digits": 1
    },
    "sizeLabel": "Share of voters (%)",
    "x": "attend_weekly",
    "xDomain": [
      0,
      80
    ],
    "xFormat": {
      "digits": 0
    },
    "xLabel": "Attend services weekly or more (% of voters in the group)",
    "y": "dem_share",
    "yDomain": [
      0,
      100
    ],
    "yFormat": {
      "digits": 0
    },
    "yLabel": "Democratic share of the two-party vote (%)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Share of reported voters who attend services weekly or more (horizontal) against the Democratic share of the two-party presidential vote (vertical), by tradition and race, 2024; dot area is the group's share of voters",
  "table": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "group",
        "label": "Group"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "attend_weekly",
        "label": "Weekly or more (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "attend_lo",
        "label": "Lower"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "attend_hi",
        "label": "Upper"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "dem_share",
        "label": "Democratic share (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "dem_lo",
        "label": "Lower"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "dem_hi",
        "label": "Upper"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "pop_share",
        "label": "Share of voters (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "thousands": true
        },
        "key": "n",
        "label": "Respondents"
      }
    ]
  },
  "title": "White born-again and Black Protestant voters attend weekly or more at {fact:fq_2024_wev} and {fact:fq_2024_bp}, against {fact:fq_2024_all} of all voters, and voted {fact:lvv_2024_wev} and {fact:lvv_2024_bp} Democratic",
  "type": "scatter",
  "width": "wide"
}