{
  "alt": "A dot plot in three panels, one for each policy item, each with four dots and intervals around a line at zero. The total change per decade is {fact:tr_hl_total} for health insurance, {fact:tr_sv_total} for government services and {fact:tr_df_total} for defense spending. The change net of party identification is {fact:tr_hl_net}, {fact:tr_sv_net} and {fact:tr_df_net}, and every net-of-party interval is above zero. The interval inside Democrats on defense spending includes zero, and the other within-party intervals are above zero.",
  "caption": "In every panel the dot net of party identification lies left of the total, and its interval stays above zero. The net-of-party fits let the effect of party differ by year. For health insurance the total change is {fact:tr_hl_total} per decade and the change net of party is {fact:tr_hl_net}.",
  "data": [
    {
      "conf_high": 0.164563,
      "conf_low": 0.106051,
      "estimate": 0.135307,
      "n": 19264,
      "outcome": "Health insurance",
      "spec": "All white respondents",
      "years": 10
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.0749413,
      "conf_low": 0.0446967,
      "estimate": 0.059819,
      "n": 19264,
      "outcome": "Health insurance",
      "spec": "Net of party identification",
      "years": 10
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.117252,
      "conf_low": 0.0672753,
      "estimate": 0.0922635,
      "n": 8105,
      "outcome": "Health insurance",
      "spec": "Democrats",
      "years": 10
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.0601219,
      "conf_low": 0.0159524,
      "estimate": 0.0380372,
      "n": 9322,
      "outcome": "Health insurance",
      "spec": "Republicans",
      "years": 10
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.140802,
      "conf_low": 0.0952225,
      "estimate": 0.118012,
      "n": 20857,
      "outcome": "Government services",
      "spec": "All white respondents",
      "years": 13
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.0610882,
      "conf_low": 0.0166887,
      "estimate": 0.0388885,
      "n": 20857,
      "outcome": "Government services",
      "spec": "Net of party identification",
      "years": 13
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.0732186,
      "conf_low": 0.015602,
      "estimate": 0.0444103,
      "n": 8904,
      "outcome": "Government services",
      "spec": "Democrats",
      "years": 13
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.0727764,
      "conf_low": 0.0283675,
      "estimate": 0.050572,
      "n": 10000,
      "outcome": "Government services",
      "spec": "Republicans",
      "years": 13
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.101348,
      "conf_low": 0.0454123,
      "estimate": 0.0733803,
      "n": 17420,
      "outcome": "Defense spending",
      "spec": "All white respondents",
      "years": 11
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.0542373,
      "conf_low": 0.00887134,
      "estimate": 0.0315543,
      "n": 17420,
      "outcome": "Defense spending",
      "spec": "Net of party identification",
      "years": 11
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.0612782,
      "conf_low": -4.92237e-05,
      "estimate": 0.0306145,
      "n": 7410,
      "outcome": "Defense spending",
      "spec": "Democrats",
      "years": 11
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 0.0438694,
      "conf_low": 0.00433154,
      "estimate": 0.0241005,
      "n": 8483,
      "outcome": "Defense spending",
      "spec": "Republicans",
      "years": 11
    }
  ],
  "id": "policy_trends",
  "notes": [
    "The interval is the wider of a respondent-level HC3 interval and an interval that clusters on survey year with t critical values.",
    "The health-insurance item was asked in fewer survey years than the others, and the defense item was not asked in 1998 or 2012.",
    "Each test pools the survey years and does not model the change in interview mode in 2012."
  ],
  "source": "ANES Cumulative Data File, 1986-2024; weighted (VCF0009z); white non-Hispanic respondents; year-interaction coefficients, each survey year counting equally",
  "spec": {
    "colors": {
      "All white respondents": "total",
      "Democrats": "dem",
      "Net of party identification": "accent",
      "Republicans": "rep"
    },
    "facet": "outcome",
    "group": "spec",
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "reference": 0,
    "referenceLabel": "No change",
    "sort": "data",
    "x": "estimate",
    "xDomain": [
      -0.05,
      0.2
    ],
    "xFormat": {
      "digits": 2,
      "signed": true
    },
    "xLabel": "Change in the standardized slope per decade",
    "y": "spec"
  },
  "subtitle": "Change per decade in the standardized slope of each policy item on the racial resentment index, with 95% intervals, white non-Hispanic respondents, survey years 1986 to 2024",
  "table": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "outcome",
        "label": "Outcome"
      },
      {
        "key": "spec",
        "label": "Sample"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 3,
          "signed": true
        },
        "key": "estimate",
        "label": "Change per decade"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 3,
          "signed": true
        },
        "key": "conf_low",
        "label": "Interval low"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 3,
          "signed": true
        },
        "key": "conf_high",
        "label": "Interval high"
      },
      {
        "key": "years",
        "label": "Survey years"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 0,
          "thousands": true
        },
        "key": "n",
        "label": "Respondents"
      }
    ]
  },
  "title": "Holding party identification fixed removes {fact:share_pol_min} to {fact:share_pol_max} of the per-decade rise in the three policy items, against {fact:share_party} for self-placement",
  "type": "dot",
  "width": "wide"
}