{
  "anes_gap_1980": {
    "ci": [
      -0.6,
      3.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+1.4",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 1341,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": 1.41066,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_gap_1994": {
    "ci": [
      -1.2,
      9.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+4.0",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 1560,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1994",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": 4.00941,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_gap_2016": {
    "ci": [
      30.5,
      37
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+33.8",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 3660,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": 33.7622,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_gap_2020": {
    "ci": [
      -33.3,
      -28.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−31.0",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 7254,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": -31.0015,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_gap_2024": {
    "ci": [
      28.8,
      34.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+31.8",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 4877,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": 31.7887,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_n_resp": {
    "display": "42,864",
    "estimand": "count of respondents in the yearly premium cells",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 42864,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "anes_prem_1984": {
    "ci": [
      33.8,
      42.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "38.0",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted",
    "n": 1881,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1984",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 37.9611,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_prem_1990": {
    "ci": [
      -1.6,
      2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "0.2",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted",
    "n": 1710,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1990",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 0.161972,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_prem_1994": {
    "ci": [
      -1.2,
      9.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "4.0",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted",
    "n": 1560,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1994",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 4.00941,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_prem_2002": {
    "ci": [
      0.2,
      5.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.0",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted",
    "n": 1368,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2002",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 3.04897,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_prem_2004": {
    "ci": [
      27,
      38
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "32.5",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted",
    "n": 1064,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2004",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 32.4995,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_prem_2008": {
    "ci": [
      0.3,
      4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.2",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted",
    "n": 2013,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2008",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 2.15511,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_slope": {
    "ci": [
      0.01,
      0.97
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "0.49",
    "estimand": "least-squares slope of the yearly premium on the survey year, one point per survey, t interval",
    "n": 42864,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points per year",
    "value": 0.489086,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "anes_slope_ex": {
    "ci": [
      -0.16,
      0.89
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "0.37",
    "estimand": "least-squares slope of the yearly premium on the survey year, one point per survey, t interval",
    "n": 39813,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1982 to 2024, without 1980 and 1990",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points per year",
    "value": 0.365707,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "appr_prem_1994": {
    "ci": [
      50.3,
      59.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "55.0",
    "estimand": "in-party share approving of the president's job minus out-party share, weighted",
    "n": 1509,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1994",
    "population": "ANES partisans who gave an approve or disapprove answer",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 54.9841,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "appr_prem_min": {
    "display": "34.9",
    "estimand": "smallest yearly premium in approval of the president's job",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "ANES partisans who gave an approve or disapprove answer",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 34.9356,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "ces_d_share_2020": {
    "ci": [
      5.3,
      6.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "5.7%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better",
    "n": 28686,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "Democrats including leaners",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 5.69064,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_even_mean": {
    "display": "39.7",
    "estimand": "mean of the yearly premiums in the even-year surveys, each survey counted once",
    "n": 441268,
    "note": "No interval: it is the unweighted mean of 10 yearly premiums.",
    "period": "2006, 2008 and every second year to 2024",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 39.6781,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_gap_2008": {
    "ci": [
      -1.6,
      -0.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−1.3",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 28482,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2008",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": -1.27058,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_gap_2009": {
    "ci": [
      17.7,
      20.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+19.2",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 11426,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2009",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": 19.1802,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_gap_2016": {
    "ci": [
      42.7,
      44.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+43.6",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 50685,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": 43.6352,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_gap_2017": {
    "ci": [
      -50.4,
      -46.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−48.3",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 13851,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2017",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": -48.3176,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_gap_2020": {
    "ci": [
      -39.7,
      -37.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−38.7",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 48334,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": -38.7011,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_gap_2021": {
    "ci": [
      36.4,
      39.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+37.9",
    "estimand": "Democratic share saying better minus Republican share, weighted",
    "n": 19809,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2021",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points, Democratic minus Republican",
    "value": 37.8612,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_mean_high": {
    "display": "42.5",
    "estimand": "largest of the four presidency means of the yearly premiums, each survey counted once",
    "note": "No interval: the yearly premiums within a presidency differ by more than sampling error, and a presidency has only 3 to 8 surveys.",
    "period": "2006 to 2024, by presidency",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 42.4998,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_mean_low": {
    "display": "29.3",
    "estimand": "smallest of the four presidency means of the yearly premiums (Bush 2006 to 2008, Obama 2009 to 2016, Trump 2017 to 2020, Biden 2021 to 2024), each survey counted once",
    "note": "No interval: the yearly premiums within a presidency differ by more than sampling error, and a presidency has only 3 to 8 surveys.",
    "period": "2006 to 2024, by presidency",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 29.2863,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_n_resp": {
    "display": "568,229",
    "estimand": "count of respondents in the yearly premium cells",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2006 to 2024",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 568229,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "ces_odd_mean": {
    "display": "31.5",
    "estimand": "mean of the yearly premiums in the odd-year surveys, each survey counted once",
    "n": 126961,
    "note": "No interval: it is the unweighted mean of 9 yearly premiums.",
    "period": "2007, 2009 and every second year to 2023",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 31.5102,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_prem_2006": {
    "ci": [
      62.1,
      64
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "63.1",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted",
    "n": 31314,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2006",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 63.0533,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_prem_2008": {
    "ci": [
      0.9,
      1.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.3",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted",
    "n": 28482,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2008",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 1.27058,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_r_share_2020": {
    "ci": [
      43.5,
      45.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "44.4%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better",
    "n": 19648,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "Republicans including leaners",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 44.3918,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_range_min": {
    "display": "26.7",
    "estimand": "smallest, across the four presidencies, of the largest minus the smallest yearly premium within the presidency",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2006 to 2024, by presidency",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 26.6904,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_share_max_2008": {
    "display": "2.1%",
    "estimand": "larger of the two party shares",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2008",
    "population": "partisans of either party",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 2.12452,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "ces_slope": {
    "ci": [
      -0.85,
      1.91
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "0.53",
    "estimand": "least-squares slope of the yearly premium on the survey year, one point per survey, t interval",
    "n": 568229,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2006 to 2024",
    "population": "CES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points per year",
    "value": 0.528845,
    "weights": "weight (year-specific)"
  },
  "d_share_2016": {
    "ci": [
      42.3,
      47.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "45.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better",
    "n": 1934,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016",
    "population": "Democrats including leaners",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 44.9989,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "d_share_2020": {
    "ci": [
      4.3,
      6.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "5.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better",
    "n": 3829,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "Democrats including leaners",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 5.20518,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "ftf_min": {
    "display": "33.3",
    "estimand": "smallest of the three face-to-face premiums",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012, 2016 and 2024",
    "population": "ANES face-to-face respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 33.3115,
    "weights": "weight_ftf"
  },
  "ftf_prem_2012": {
    "ci": [
      29.9,
      40.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "35.1",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted with the mode-specific weight",
    "n": 1805,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012",
    "population": "ANES face-to-face respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 35.1417,
    "weights": "weight_ftf"
  },
  "ftf_prem_2016": {
    "ci": [
      32.3,
      44.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "38.4",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted with the mode-specific weight",
    "n": 1042,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016",
    "population": "ANES face-to-face respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 38.4048,
    "weights": "weight_ftf"
  },
  "ftf_prem_2024": {
    "ci": [
      26.9,
      39.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "33.3",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted with the mode-specific weight",
    "n": 966,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "ANES face-to-face respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 33.3115,
    "weights": "weight_ftf"
  },
  "in_share_1994": {
    "ci": [
      33.6,
      41
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "37.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better",
    "n": 819,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1994",
    "population": "partisans of the president's party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 37.2117,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "in_share_early": {
    "ci": [
      24.8,
      27.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "26.0%",
    "estimand": "mean of the yearly shares, each survey counted once",
    "n": 9644,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 1990 (six surveys)",
    "population": "partisans of the president's party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 25.9885,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "in_share_late": {
    "ci": [
      40.4,
      42.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "41.6%",
    "estimand": "mean of the yearly shares, each survey counted once",
    "n": 20874,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 to 2024 (four surveys)",
    "population": "partisans of the president's party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 41.639,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "in_share_max_low5": {
    "display": "8.1%",
    "estimand": "largest in-party share among those surveys",
    "note": "",
    "period": "the five low-premium surveys other than 1994",
    "population": "partisans of the president's party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 8.0983,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "in_share_min_high": {
    "display": "22.8%",
    "estimand": "smallest in-party share among those surveys",
    "note": "",
    "period": "the surveys with a premium at or above the cutoff",
    "population": "partisans of the president's party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 22.7586,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "in_worse_1990": {
    "ci": [
      68.8,
      75.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "72.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying worse",
    "n": 710,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1990",
    "population": "partisans of the president's party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got worse",
    "value": 72.2535,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "in_worse_2008": {
    "ci": [
      84.3,
      90.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "87.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying worse",
    "n": 651,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2008",
    "population": "partisans of the president's party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got worse",
    "value": 87.5571,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "low_cut": {
    "display": "10",
    "estimand": "constant",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "cutoff that separates the low-premium surveys",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 10,
    "weights": "none (constant)"
  },
  "low_share_max_8090": {
    "display": "4.3%",
    "estimand": "largest of the four shares (both parties, both surveys)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 and 1990",
    "population": "partisans of either party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 4.27873,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "max_low": {
    "display": "5.7",
    "estimand": "largest premium among the surveys below the cutoff",
    "note": "",
    "period": "the low-premium surveys",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 5.65346,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "min_high": {
    "display": "14.6",
    "estimand": "smallest premium among the surveys at or above the cutoff",
    "note": "",
    "period": "the other surveys",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 14.5806,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "mode_diff_2012": {
    "ci": [
      -13,
      -0.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−6.7",
    "estimand": "face-to-face premium minus web premium, standard errors combined in quadrature",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points, face-to-face minus web",
    "value": -6.66571,
    "weights": "weight_ftf and weight_web"
  },
  "mode_diff_2016": {
    "ci": [
      -0.9,
      13.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+6.3",
    "estimand": "face-to-face premium minus web premium, standard errors combined in quadrature",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points, face-to-face minus web",
    "value": 6.31745,
    "weights": "weight_ftf and weight_web"
  },
  "mode_diff_2024": {
    "ci": [
      -6.2,
      9.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+1.6",
    "estimand": "face-to-face premium minus web premium, standard errors combined in quadrature",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points, face-to-face minus web",
    "value": 1.6283,
    "weights": "weight_ftf and weight_web"
  },
  "mode_diff_max": {
    "display": "6.7",
    "estimand": "largest absolute difference between the face-to-face and web premiums",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012, 2016 and 2024",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 6.66571,
    "weights": "weight_ftf and weight_web"
  },
  "n_anes_both_ci": {
    "display": "4",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "transfers at which the gap before and the gap after each have an interval on the side of zero that the president's party predicts",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "changes of party in the White House",
    "value": 4,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_anes_ci_pos": {
    "display": "15",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "ANES surveys in which the 95% interval of the premium is above zero",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "ANES survey years",
    "value": 15,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_anes_transfers": {
    "display": "6",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "changes of the president's party between two surveys",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "changes of party in the White House",
    "value": 6,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_anes_years": {
    "display": "18",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "ANES surveys that ask the retrospective economy item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "ANES survey years",
    "value": 18,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_ces_both_ci": {
    "display": "3",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2006 to 2024",
    "population": "transfers at which the gap before and the gap after each have an interval on the side of zero that the president's party predicts",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "changes of party in the White House",
    "value": 3,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_ces_ci_pos": {
    "display": "19",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2006 to 2024",
    "population": "CES surveys in which the 95% interval of the premium is above zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "CES survey years",
    "value": 19,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_ces_transfers": {
    "display": "3",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2006 to 2024",
    "population": "changes of the president's party between two surveys",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "changes of party in the White House",
    "value": 3,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_ces_years": {
    "display": "19",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2006 to 2024",
    "population": "CES surveys that ask the retrospective economy item",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "CES survey years",
    "value": 19,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_high": {
    "display": "12",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "ANES surveys with a premium at or above the cutoff",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "ANES survey years",
    "value": 12,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_low": {
    "display": "6",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "ANES surveys with a premium below the cutoff",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "ANES survey years",
    "value": 6,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_ns_weeks": {
    "display": "80",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "July 2019 to January 2021",
    "population": "Nationscape waves with 500 or more Democrats and 500 or more Republicans",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "weekly waves",
    "value": 80,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_out_above_1994": {
    "display": "1",
    "estimand": "count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 2024",
    "population": "ANES surveys in which the share of the other party saying better exceeds the 1994 share",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "ANES survey years",
    "value": 1,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "ns_d_apr": {
    "ci": [
      10,
      14.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "12.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 1857,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-04-13 to 2020-04-19",
    "population": "Democrats among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 12.0671,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_d_end": {
    "ci": [
      20.3,
      27.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "23.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 1358,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2021-01-25 to 2021-01-31",
    "population": "Democrats among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 23.6211,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_d_feb": {
    "ci": [
      17.4,
      22.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "20.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 2366,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-02-17 to 2020-02-23",
    "population": "Democrats among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 19.9635,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_d_jan": {
    "ci": [
      15.2,
      21.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "18.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 1647,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2021-01-12 to 2021-01-16",
    "population": "Democrats among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 18.2328,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_d_oct": {
    "ci": [
      8.5,
      12.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "10.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 2424,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-10-26 to 2020-11-01",
    "population": "Democrats among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 10.3219,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_n_resp": {
    "display": "324,560",
    "estimand": "count of respondents in the weekly party cells",
    "note": "",
    "period": "July 2019 to January 2021",
    "population": "Nationscape respondents who identify as Democrats or Republicans and answered the item",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "respondent-weeks",
    "value": 324560,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "ns_prem_apr": {
    "ci": [
      6.2,
      13.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "10.0",
    "estimand": "Republican share saying better minus Democratic share in one weekly wave (a Republican was president), standard errors combined in quadrature",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-04-13 to 2020-04-19",
    "population": "Nationscape respondents who identify as Democrats or Republicans and answered the item",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 9.95346,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_prem_feb": {
    "ci": [
      50.9,
      58.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "54.9",
    "estimand": "Republican share saying better minus Democratic share in one weekly wave (a Republican was president), standard errors combined in quadrature",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-02-17 to 2020-02-23",
    "population": "Nationscape respondents who identify as Democrats or Republicans and answered the item",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 54.8964,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_r_apr": {
    "ci": [
      19.2,
      25.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "22.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 1654,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-04-13 to 2020-04-19",
    "population": "Republicans among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 22.0206,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_r_end": {
    "ci": [
      10.6,
      16.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "13.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 1155,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2021-01-25 to 2021-01-31",
    "population": "Republicans among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 13.2892,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_r_feb": {
    "ci": [
      71.7,
      77.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "74.9%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 1967,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-02-17 to 2020-02-23",
    "population": "Republicans among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 74.8599,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_r_jan": {
    "ci": [
      15.2,
      22.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "18.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 1222,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2021-01-12 to 2021-01-16",
    "population": "Republicans among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 18.5853,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_r_nov": {
    "ci": [
      30.2,
      37.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "33.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 1808,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-11-02 to 2020-11-08",
    "population": "Republicans among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 33.5811,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "ns_r_oct": {
    "ci": [
      25.2,
      31.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "28.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better in one weekly wave",
    "n": 2383,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020-10-26 to 2020-11-01",
    "population": "Republicans among Nationscape respondents",
    "source": "nationscape",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 28.2097,
    "weights": "weight (Nationscape survey weight)"
  },
  "offset_2012": {
    "ci": [
      8.1,
      14.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "11.2",
    "estimand": "CES premium minus ANES premium, standard errors combined in quadrature",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012",
    "population": "partisans with an answer in both surveys",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points, CES minus ANES",
    "value": 11.2183,
    "weights": "weight (CES year-specific) and weight (ANES VCF0009z)"
  },
  "offset_2016": {
    "ci": [
      6.5,
      13.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "9.9",
    "estimand": "CES premium minus ANES premium, standard errors combined in quadrature",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016",
    "population": "partisans with an answer in both surveys",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points, CES minus ANES",
    "value": 9.87295,
    "weights": "weight (CES year-specific) and weight (ANES VCF0009z)"
  },
  "offset_2020": {
    "ci": [
      5.2,
      10.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "7.7",
    "estimand": "CES premium minus ANES premium, standard errors combined in quadrature",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "partisans with an answer in both surveys",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points, CES minus ANES",
    "value": 7.69962,
    "weights": "weight (CES year-specific) and weight (ANES VCF0009z)"
  },
  "offset_2024": {
    "ci": [
      12.5,
      19
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "15.7",
    "estimand": "CES premium minus ANES premium, standard errors combined in quadrature",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "partisans with an answer in both surveys",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percentage points, CES minus ANES",
    "value": 15.7458,
    "weights": "weight (CES year-specific) and weight (ANES VCF0009z)"
  },
  "out_share_1994": {
    "ci": [
      29.6,
      37
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "33.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better",
    "n": 741,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1994",
    "population": "partisans of the other party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 33.2023,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "out_share_1998": {
    "ci": [
      33.8,
      43.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "38.4%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better",
    "n": 467,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1998",
    "population": "partisans of the other party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 38.4245,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "out_share_early": {
    "ci": [
      10.4,
      12
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "11.2%",
    "estimand": "mean of the yearly shares, each survey counted once",
    "n": 9644,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 1990 (six surveys)",
    "population": "partisans of the other party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 11.2211,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "out_share_late": {
    "ci": [
      6.9,
      8.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "7.7%",
    "estimand": "mean of the yearly shares, each survey counted once",
    "n": 20874,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 to 2024 (four surveys)",
    "population": "partisans of the other party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 7.65255,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "out_worse_1990": {
    "ci": [
      73,
      78.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "75.8%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying worse",
    "n": 1000,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1990",
    "population": "partisans of the other party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got worse",
    "value": 75.8,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "out_worse_2008": {
    "ci": [
      92,
      95.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "93.9%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying worse",
    "n": 1362,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2008",
    "population": "partisans of the other party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got worse",
    "value": 93.8721,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "prem_change": {
    "ci": [
      17.2,
      21.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "19.2",
    "estimand": "difference between the two era means, standard errors combined in quadrature; the interval covers sampling error within each survey only",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 to 2024 minus 1980 to 1990",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 19.219,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "prem_change_ex_svy": {
    "ci": [
      -4.3,
      28.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "12.2",
    "estimand": "difference between the two era means with each survey as one observation; Welch t interval on the yearly premiums (4 and 4 surveys)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 to 2024 minus 1982 to 1988",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 12.2285,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "prem_change_svy": {
    "ci": [
      4.8,
      33.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "19.2",
    "estimand": "difference between the two era means with each survey as one observation; Welch t interval on the yearly premiums (6 and 4 surveys)",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 to 2024 minus 1980 to 1990",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 19.219,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "prem_early": {
    "ci": [
      13.3,
      16.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "14.8",
    "estimand": "mean of the yearly premiums, each survey counted once; the interval covers sampling error within each survey only",
    "n": 9644,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1980 to 1990 (six surveys)",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 14.7674,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "prem_early_ex": {
    "ci": [
      19.7,
      23.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "21.8",
    "estimand": "mean of the yearly premiums, each survey counted once; the interval covers sampling error within each survey only",
    "n": 6593,
    "note": "",
    "period": "1982 to 1988 (four surveys)",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 21.7579,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "prem_late": {
    "ci": [
      32.5,
      35.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "34.0",
    "estimand": "mean of the yearly premiums, each survey counted once; the interval covers sampling error within each survey only",
    "n": 20874,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 to 2024 (four surveys)",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 33.9864,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "prem_late_max": {
    "display": "39.4",
    "estimand": "largest of the yearly premiums",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 to 2024 (four surveys)",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 39.3931,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "prem_late_min": {
    "display": "31.0",
    "estimand": "smallest of the yearly premiums",
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012 to 2024 (four surveys)",
    "population": "ANES respondents who identify with or lean toward a party and answered the item",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 31.0015,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "r_share_2016": {
    "ci": [
      9.6,
      13.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "11.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better",
    "n": 1726,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016",
    "population": "Republicans including leaners",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 11.2367,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "r_share_2020": {
    "ci": [
      34.1,
      38.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "36.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share saying better",
    "n": 3425,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2020",
    "population": "Republicans including leaners",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percent of partisans who said the economy got better",
    "value": 36.2067,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z)"
  },
  "web_prem_2012": {
    "ci": [
      38.2,
      45.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "41.8",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted with the mode-specific weight",
    "n": 3278,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2012",
    "population": "ANES web respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 41.8075,
    "weights": "weight_web"
  },
  "web_prem_2016": {
    "ci": [
      28.3,
      35.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "32.1",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted with the mode-specific weight",
    "n": 2618,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2016",
    "population": "ANES web respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 32.0874,
    "weights": "weight_web"
  },
  "web_prem_2024": {
    "ci": [
      27.2,
      36.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "31.7",
    "estimand": "in-party share saying better minus out-party share, weighted with the mode-specific weight",
    "n": 1855,
    "note": "",
    "period": "2024",
    "population": "ANES web respondents who identify with or lean toward a party",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "percentage points",
    "value": 31.6832,
    "weights": "weight_web"
  }
}