{
  "abort_dem_2012": {
    "ci": [
      9.6,
      19.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "14.6",
    "estimand": "Democratic place gap on abortion",
    "n": 20940,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES surveys pooled in the 2012 presidential cycle",
    "population": "Democrats in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 14.5859,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "abort_dem_2020": {
    "ci": [
      2,
      8.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "4.9",
    "estimand": "Democratic place gap on abortion",
    "n": 31326,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES surveys pooled in the 2020 presidential cycle",
    "population": "Democrats in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 4.89813,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "abort_party_change": {
    "ci": [
      9.8,
      17
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+13.4",
    "estimand": "change in the party gap from the first to the last cycle in which the issue was asked",
    "n": 52266,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2012 to 2020",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 13.3504,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "abort_party_gap": {
    "ci": [
      44.7,
      48.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "46.5",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 113602,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2014 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 46.5271,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "abort_place_change": {
    "ci": [
      -8.7,
      -2.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−5.8",
    "estimand": "change in the place gap averaged over the two parties",
    "n": 52266,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2012 to 2020",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": -5.75915,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "abort_place_gap": {
    "ci": [
      9.2,
      14.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "12.0",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 113602,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2014 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 11.9612,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "abort_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      3.1,
      5.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.9",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval; ratio of the two",
    "n": 113602,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2014 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 3.88985,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "abort_rep_2012": {
    "ci": [
      9,
      17.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "13.8",
    "estimand": "Republican place gap on abortion",
    "n": 20940,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES surveys pooled in the 2012 presidential cycle",
    "population": "Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 13.8208,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "abort_rep_2020": {
    "ci": [
      7.5,
      15.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "12.0",
    "estimand": "Republican place gap on abortion",
    "n": 31326,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES surveys pooled in the 2020 presidential cycle",
    "population": "Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 11.9902,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "abort_rep_diff": {
    "ci": [
      14.8,
      24
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+20.1",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share supporting between the most Democratic and the most Republican bin of counties; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 20616,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2014 to 2021",
    "population": "Republicans",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (change in the share supporting, most Democratic bin minus most Republican bin)",
    "value": 20.0537,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_dem_blue": {
    "ci": [
      19.7,
      23.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "21.7%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting repeal; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 49379,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats in deep-blue counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting repeal of the ACA",
    "value": 21.7382,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_dem_red": {
    "ci": [
      23.8,
      27
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "25.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting repeal; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 22175,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats in deep-red counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting repeal of the ACA",
    "value": 25.5538,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_party_2012": {
    "ci": [
      51.8,
      55.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "53.8",
    "estimand": "party gap in the 2012 cycle",
    "n": 41833,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES surveys pooled in the 2012 presidential cycle",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 53.7876,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_party_2020": {
    "ci": [
      54.2,
      57.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "55.8",
    "estimand": "party gap in the 2020 cycle",
    "n": 31281,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES surveys pooled in the 2020 presidential cycle",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 55.7555,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_party_change": {
    "ci": [
      0,
      4.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+2.0",
    "estimand": "change in the party gap from the first to the last cycle in which the issue was asked",
    "n": 73114,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2012 to 2020",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 1.96796,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_party_change_drop": {
    "ci": [
      3.6,
      8.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+5.9",
    "estimand": "repeal of the ACA, change in the party gap from the 2012 to the 2020 cycle, with the 2014 answers dropped instead of reversed",
    "n": 73114,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2012 to 2020 without 2014",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 5.85022,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_party_gap": {
    "ci": [
      55.8,
      58.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "57.2",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 118113,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 57.1886,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_place_change": {
    "ci": [
      -5.3,
      -0.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−3.1",
    "estimand": "change in the place gap averaged over the two parties",
    "n": 73114,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2012 to 2020",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": -3.10133,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_place_change_drop": {
    "ci": [
      -3,
      1.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−0.7",
    "estimand": "repeal of the ACA, change in the place gap averaged over the two parties from the 2012 to the 2020 cycle, with the 2014 answers dropped instead of reversed",
    "n": 73114,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2012 to 2020 without 2014",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": -0.675312,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_place_gap": {
    "ci": [
      2.8,
      5.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "4.2",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 118113,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 4.15959,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      10.7,
      20.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "13.7",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval; ratio of the two",
    "n": 118113,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 13.7486,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_ratio_drop": {
    "ci": [
      12,
      28.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "16.7",
    "estimand": "repeal of the ACA, party gap divided by place gap, with the 2014 answers dropped instead of reversed",
    "n": 101590,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021 without 2014",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 16.6909,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_rep_blue": {
    "ci": [
      77.5,
      80
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "78.6%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting repeal; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 16459,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Republicans in deep-blue counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting repeal of the ACA",
    "value": 78.5828,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "aca_rep_red": {
    "ci": [
      82,
      84.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "83.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting repeal; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 30100,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Republicans in deep-red counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting repeal of the ACA",
    "value": 83.0863,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "anes_abort_party": {
    "ci": [
      37.7,
      47.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "42.9",
    "estimand": "party gap at the state level; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 4410,
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 42.9334,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z, ANES cumulative full-sample weight)"
  },
  "anes_abort_place": {
    "ci": [
      11.2,
      28.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "17.4",
    "estimand": "place gap at the state level; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 4410,
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 17.3554,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z, ANES cumulative full-sample weight)"
  },
  "anes_abort_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      1.5,
      4.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.5",
    "estimand": "party gap divided by place gap at the state level; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 4410,
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 2.47377,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z, ANES cumulative full-sample weight)"
  },
  "anes_guns_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      2.3,
      6.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.2",
    "estimand": "party gap divided by place gap at the state level",
    "n": 3752,
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 3.20054,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z, ANES cumulative full-sample weight)"
  },
  "anes_ideo_party": {
    "ci": [
      38.8,
      43.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "41.3",
    "estimand": "party gap at the state level; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 3933,
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "points (difference in the liberal-conservative index, liberal = 100, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 41.2823,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z, ANES cumulative full-sample weight)"
  },
  "anes_ideo_place": {
    "ci": [
      1.7,
      8.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "4.7",
    "estimand": "place gap at the state level; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 3933,
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "points (difference in the liberal-conservative index, liberal = 100, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 4.70546,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z, ANES cumulative full-sample weight)"
  },
  "anes_ideo_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      4.7,
      24.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "8.8",
    "estimand": "party gap divided by place gap at the state level; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 3933,
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 8.77328,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z, ANES cumulative full-sample weight)"
  },
  "anes_imm_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      1.4,
      9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.9",
    "estimand": "party gap divided by place gap at the state level",
    "n": 4005,
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 2.94671,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z, ANES cumulative full-sample weight)"
  },
  "anes_lgbt_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      1.1,
      8.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.8",
    "estimand": "party gap divided by place gap at the state level",
    "n": 3889,
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 2.75943,
    "weights": "weight (VCF0009z, ANES cumulative full-sample weight)"
  },
  "anes_n_max": {
    "display": "4,410",
    "estimand": "largest count of respondents in the four cells behind any of the five ANES measures",
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 4410,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "anes_n_min": {
    "display": "3,752",
    "estimand": "smallest count of respondents in the four cells behind any of the five ANES measures",
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 3752,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "anes_n_partisans": {
    "display": "3,933",
    "estimand": "count of respondents in the four cells behind the ideology scale",
    "note": "",
    "period": "ANES waves 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024",
    "population": "strong and not very strong Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "anes",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 3933,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "awb_adj_diff": {
    "ci": [
      1.3,
      7.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+4.3",
    "estimand": "Republican minus Democratic place gap, coefficient on deep-blue by Republican in a weighted regression with education, race, age, gender and state fixed effects; every term interacted with party; standard errors clustered by state",
    "n": 118066,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 4.29184,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_dem_adj": {
    "ci": [
      2.3,
      6.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "4.4",
    "estimand": "place gap from a weighted linear regression with education, race, age, gender and state fixed effects; standard errors clustered by state",
    "n": 71507,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 4.4276,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_dem_first": {
    "ci": [
      78.6,
      83.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "81.2%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting the policy; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 8553,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats in the most Republican bin of counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting",
    "value": 81.1551,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_dem_last": {
    "ci": [
      86.3,
      88.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "87.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting the policy; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 27716,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats in the most Democratic bin of counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting",
    "value": 87.2916,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_party_change": {
    "ci": [
      7.6,
      13.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+10.3",
    "estimand": "change in the party gap from the first to the last cycle in which the issue was asked",
    "n": 56992,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2012 to 2020",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 10.3486,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_party_gap": {
    "ci": [
      40.3,
      43.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "41.9",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 118066,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 41.9231,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_place_gap": {
    "ci": [
      6.1,
      9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "7.5",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 118066,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 7.45708,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      4.6,
      7.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "5.6",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval; ratio of the two",
    "n": 118066,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 5.62192,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_rep_adj": {
    "ci": [
      6.8,
      10.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "8.7",
    "estimand": "place gap from a weighted linear regression with education, race, age, gender and state fixed effects; standard errors clustered by state",
    "n": 46481,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 8.71944,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_rep_diff": {
    "ci": [
      8.6,
      16.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+12.6",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share supporting between the most Democratic and the most Republican bin of counties; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 21243,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Republicans",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (change in the share supporting, most Democratic bin minus most Republican bin)",
    "value": 12.5677,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_rep_first": {
    "ci": [
      34.5,
      38.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "36.5%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting the policy; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 14432,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Republicans in the most Republican bin of counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting",
    "value": 36.4722,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "awb_rep_last": {
    "ci": [
      44.8,
      53.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "49.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting the policy; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 6811,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021",
    "population": "Republicans in the most Democratic bin of counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting",
    "value": 49.0399,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_axis_start": {
    "display": "60",
    "estimand": "axis start",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "the lower end of the vertical axis of the background-check figure",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent",
    "value": 60,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "bg_dem_max": {
    "ci": [
      95.3,
      97.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "96.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 10899,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Democrats, highest of the seven county bins",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting universal background checks",
    "value": 96.2945,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_dem_min": {
    "ci": [
      94.2,
      95.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "95.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 11448,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Democrats, lowest of the seven county bins",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting universal background checks",
    "value": 95.0199,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_ind_diff": {
    "ci": [
      3.2,
      10.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+7.1",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share supporting between the most Democratic and the most Republican bin of counties; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 11201,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Independents with no lean",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (change in the share supporting, most Democratic bin minus most Republican bin)",
    "value": 7.14123,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_ind_first": {
    "ci": [
      75.6,
      82.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "79.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting the policy; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 5500,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Independents with no lean in the most Republican bin of counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting",
    "value": 78.951,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_ind_last": {
    "ci": [
      83.8,
      87.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "86.1%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting the policy; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 5701,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Independents with no lean in the most Democratic bin of counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting",
    "value": 86.0922,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_lr_diff": {
    "ci": [
      3.8,
      11.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+8.3",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share supporting between the most Democratic and the most Republican bin of counties; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 6140,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Republican leaners",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (change in the share supporting, most Democratic bin minus most Republican bin)",
    "value": 8.32361,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_lr_first": {
    "ci": [
      68.7,
      73.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "71.0%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting the policy; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 3870,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Republican leaners in the most Republican bin of counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting",
    "value": 70.9516,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_lr_last": {
    "ci": [
      75.7,
      82.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "79.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting the policy; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 2270,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Republican leaners in the most Democratic bin of counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting",
    "value": 79.2752,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_party_change": {
    "ci": [
      -6,
      -0.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−3.3",
    "estimand": "change in the party gap from the first to the last cycle in which the issue was asked",
    "n": 35013,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2012 to 2020",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": -3.26709,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_rep_diff": {
    "ci": [
      0,
      5.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+3.4",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share supporting between the most Democratic and the most Republican bin of counties; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 17030,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Republicans",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (change in the share supporting, most Democratic bin minus most Republican bin)",
    "value": 3.35189,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_rep_max": {
    "ci": [
      82.4,
      86.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "84.4%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 7804,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Republicans, highest of the seven county bins",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting universal background checks",
    "value": 84.4172,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bg_rep_min": {
    "ci": [
      78.6,
      81.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "80.3%",
    "estimand": "weighted share supporting; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 11459,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2020",
    "population": "Republicans, lowest of the seven county bins",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "percent of respondents supporting universal background checks",
    "value": 80.3076,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "bin_gap_min": {
    "display": "33.0",
    "estimand": "smallest distance between the two party lines over the seven county bins and the five issues, in the share supporting the policy",
    "n": 35,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in the five panels of the county-margin figure",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (distance between the Democratic and Republican lines)",
    "value": 33.0243,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "boot_reps": {
    "display": "2,000",
    "estimand": "bootstrap replicates",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "cluster bootstrap",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "replicates",
    "value": 2000,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "border_party_change": {
    "ci": [
      9.4,
      26
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+16.7",
    "estimand": "change in the party gap from the first to the last cycle in which the issue was asked",
    "n": 34077,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2004 to 2020",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 16.6802,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ces_abort_state_party": {
    "ci": [
      43.7,
      48.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "46.4",
    "estimand": "abortion always legal, state level",
    "n": 113602,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2014 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 46.407,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ces_abort_state_place": {
    "ci": [
      11.2,
      18.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "14.3",
    "estimand": "abortion always legal, state level",
    "n": 113602,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2014 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 14.3057,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ces_abort_state_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      2.3,
      4.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.2",
    "estimand": "abortion always legal, state level",
    "n": 113602,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2014 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 3.24394,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ces_state_party": {
    "ci": [
      41.2,
      45.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "43.3",
    "estimand": "average over the issues at the state level",
    "n": 67860,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 43.3153,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ces_state_place": {
    "ci": [
      3.3,
      8.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "5.5",
    "estimand": "average over the issues at the state level",
    "n": 67860,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 5.4952,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ces_state_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      5.1,
      13.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "7.9",
    "estimand": "average over the issues at the state level",
    "n": 67860,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in states with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 7.8824,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "deep_cell_n_min": {
    "display": "7,157",
    "estimand": "smallest cell count",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "smallest of the party by county-type cells behind any issue",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 7157,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "deep_cut": {
    "display": "20",
    "estimand": "a county is deep red or deep blue at this margin or more",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "county classification",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points of two-party margin",
    "value": 20,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "fe_states_max": {
    "display": "38",
    "estimand": "count of states that identify the state fixed effects gap",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "states holding both a deep-red and a deep-blue county for the party and issue (most over the combinations)",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "states",
    "value": 38,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "fe_states_min": {
    "display": "34",
    "estimand": "count of states that identify the state fixed effects gap",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "states holding both a deep-red and a deep-blue county for the party and issue (fewest over the combinations)",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "states",
    "value": 34,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "gay_party_gap": {
    "ci": [
      33.6,
      39.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "36.4",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 50260,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2016",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 36.3975,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "gay_place_change": {
    "ci": [
      -6.4,
      -1.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−4.2",
    "estimand": "change in the place gap averaged over the two parties",
    "n": 67144,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2012 to 2016",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": -4.24023,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "gay_place_gap": {
    "ci": [
      6.6,
      13.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "10.2",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 50260,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2016",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 10.2322,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "gay_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      2.6,
      5.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.6",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval; ratio of the two",
    "n": 50260,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2016",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 3.55714,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "gay_rep_diff": {
    "ci": [
      10.3,
      21.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+17.0",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share supporting between the most Democratic and the most Republican bin of counties; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 8126,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2016",
    "population": "Republicans",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (change in the share supporting, most Democratic bin minus most Republican bin)",
    "value": 16.9556,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ind_minus_partisan": {
    "ci": [
      1.9,
      5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.5",
    "estimand": "average place gap of Independents with no lean minus the average place gap of Democrats and Republicans",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Independents with no lean, Democrats and Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 3.54649,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ind_place_mean": {
    "ci": [
      7.4,
      10.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "9.2",
    "estimand": "average over the issues of the place gap among Independents with no lean",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Independents who lean toward neither party (middle of the seven-point scale) in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 9.18058,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "lean_dem_place_mean": {
    "ci": [
      2,
      4.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.3",
    "estimand": "average over the issues of the place gap among Democratic leaners",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democratic leaners in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 3.33114,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "lean_rep_place_mean": {
    "ci": [
      4.6,
      8.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "6.7",
    "estimand": "average over the issues of the place gap among Republican leaners",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Republican leaners in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 6.68648,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "m4a_place_gap": {
    "ci": [
      1.7,
      6.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "4.2",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 61141,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2018 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 4.22823,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "m4a_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      7.9,
      31.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "12.1",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval; ratio of the two",
    "n": 61141,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2018 to 2021",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 12.135,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "margin_step": {
    "display": "10",
    "estimand": "step in the state margin used for the slope",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "slope of the state party gap on the state margin",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points of two-party margin",
    "value": 10,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_adj_ci_pos": {
    "display": "16",
    "estimand": "count of combinations, model with demographics and state fixed effects",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "adjusted place gaps with an interval above zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "party by issue combinations",
    "value": 16,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_adj_diff_ci_pos_demo": {
    "display": "2",
    "estimand": "count of issues",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "issues where the interval for the adjusted Republican minus Democratic difference lies above zero, demographics only",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 2,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_adj_diff_ci_pos_fe": {
    "display": "2",
    "estimand": "count of issues",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "issues where the interval for the adjusted Republican minus Democratic difference lies above zero, demographics and state fixed effects",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 2,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_adj_smaller": {
    "display": "22",
    "estimand": "count of combinations, model with demographics and state fixed effects",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "adjusted place gaps smaller than the raw gap",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "party by issue combinations",
    "value": 22,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_adj_smaller_demo": {
    "display": "15",
    "estimand": "count of combinations, model with demographics only",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "adjusted place gaps smaller than the raw gap",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "party by issue combinations",
    "value": 15,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_bin_lines": {
    "display": "10",
    "estimand": "count of lines",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "party lines drawn in the five panels of the county-margin figure",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "lines",
    "value": 10,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_bin_lines_toward": {
    "display": "9",
    "estimand": "count of lines",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "lines whose change from the most Republican to the most Democratic bin is toward the Democratic side of the issue with an interval that excludes zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "lines",
    "value": 9,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_ind_larger": {
    "display": "9",
    "estimand": "count of issues, point estimates",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "issues where the Independents' place gap exceeds both partisan gaps",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 9,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_issues": {
    "display": "12",
    "estimand": "count of issues",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "the CES policy questions used in the chapter",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "policy questions",
    "value": 12,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_matched": {
    "display": "333,335",
    "estimand": "count of respondents",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "CES respondents interviewed in 2013 to 2021 with a matched county and a positive weight, in any party group or none",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 333335,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_partisans_deep": {
    "display": "118,638",
    "estimand": "count of respondents with a county margin and a party, any issue",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 118638,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_party_flat": {
    "display": "3",
    "estimand": "count of issues",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles",
    "population": "issues whose party gap change between the first and last cycle has an interval that includes zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 3,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_party_up": {
    "display": "8",
    "estimand": "count of issues",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles",
    "population": "issues whose party gap rose between the first and last cycle, with an interval above zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 8,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_party_up_panels": {
    "display": "3",
    "estimand": "count of issues",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles",
    "population": "issues drawn in the trend panels whose party gap rose between the first and last cycle, with an interval above zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 3,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_place_avg_ci_pos": {
    "display": "12",
    "estimand": "count of issues",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "issues whose average place gap has an interval above zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 12,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_place_cells": {
    "display": "24",
    "estimand": "count of combinations",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans on each issue",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "party by issue combinations",
    "value": 24,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_place_change_sig": {
    "display": "3",
    "estimand": "count of issues whose change has an interval that excludes zero",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles",
    "population": "issues whose average place gap changed by more than sampling error between the first and last cycle",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 3,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_place_ci_pos": {
    "display": "22",
    "estimand": "count of combinations with a positive interval",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "combinations whose interval lies above zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "party by issue combinations",
    "value": 22,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_place_pos": {
    "display": "24",
    "estimand": "count of combinations with a positive point estimate",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "combinations with a place gap above zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "party by issue combinations",
    "value": 24,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_pool": {
    "display": "320,988",
    "estimand": "count of respondents",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "CES respondents interviewed in 2013 to 2021 with a matched county, a positive weight and one of the five party groups",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 320988,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_rep_larger": {
    "display": "9",
    "estimand": "count of issues with a point estimate of the difference above zero to one decimal",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "issues where the Republican place gap exceeds the Democratic one by at least a tenth of a point",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 9,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_rep_larger_ci": {
    "display": "5",
    "estimand": "count of issues",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "issues where the difference has an interval above zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 5,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_rep_larger_ci_thin": {
    "display": "4",
    "estimand": "count of issues",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "issues where the interval for the difference lies above zero by less than one point at its lower end",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 4,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_rep_larger_demo": {
    "display": "7",
    "estimand": "count of issues with a positive point estimate",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "issues where the adjusted Republican place gap exceeds the Democratic one, demographics only",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 7,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_rep_larger_fe": {
    "display": "8",
    "estimand": "count of issues with a positive point estimate",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "issues where the adjusted Republican place gap exceeds the Democratic one, demographics and state fixed effects",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 8,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_states": {
    "display": "50",
    "estimand": "number of resampling clusters",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "states and the District of Columbia with matched respondents, Alaska excluded",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "clusters",
    "value": 50,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_states_scatter": {
    "display": "49",
    "estimand": "count of states in the scatter",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "states with enough respondents on at least ten issues",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "states",
    "value": 49,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "n_trend_items": {
    "display": "4",
    "estimand": "count of issues",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles",
    "population": "issues drawn in the trend panels",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "issues",
    "value": 4,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "party_gap_max": {
    "ci": [
      62.5,
      65.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "64.1",
    "estimand": "largest party gap over the issues (border wall)",
    "n": 60875,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 64.1331,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "party_gap_mean": {
    "ci": [
      41.8,
      44.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "43.1",
    "estimand": "average over the issues of the party gap: Democratic minus Republican share taking the Democratic side, averaged over deep-red and deep-blue counties",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 43.0936,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "party_gap_min": {
    "ci": [
      12,
      14.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "13.3",
    "estimand": "smallest party gap over the issues (universal background checks)",
    "n": 96237,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 13.3144,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "place_dem_mean": {
    "ci": [
      2.8,
      6.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "4.5",
    "estimand": "average over the issues of the Democratic place gap",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 4.48698,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "place_diff_mean": {
    "ci": [
      -0.7,
      5.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.3",
    "estimand": "average over the issues of the Republican place gap minus the Democratic place gap",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 2.29422,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "place_gap_max": {
    "ci": [
      9.2,
      14.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "12.0",
    "estimand": "largest place gap over the issues (abortion)",
    "n": 113602,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 11.9612,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "place_gap_mean": {
    "ci": [
      4.7,
      6.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "5.6",
    "estimand": "average over the issues of the place gap: deep-blue minus deep-red county share taking the Democratic side, averaged over Democrats and Republicans",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 5.63409,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "place_gap_min": {
    "ci": [
      0.9,
      3.1
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "2.1",
    "estimand": "smallest place gap over the issues (universal background checks)",
    "n": 96237,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 2.0564,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "place_rep_mean": {
    "ci": [
      5,
      8.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "6.8",
    "estimand": "average over the issues of the Republican place gap",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Republicans in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 6.7812,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ratio_max": {
    "ci": [
      12,
      22
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "15.5",
    "estimand": "largest party to place ratio over the issues (border wall)",
    "n": 60875,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 15.4769,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ratio_means": {
    "ci": [
      6.4,
      9.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "7.6",
    "estimand": "average party gap divided by average place gap",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 7.64872,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ratio_means_county": {
    "ci": [
      6.7,
      8.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "7.6",
    "estimand": "average party gap divided by average place gap; bootstrap interval resampling counties instead of states",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 7.64872,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ratio_median": {
    "ci": [
      6.7,
      11
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "8.4",
    "estimand": "median over the issues of the party gap divided by the place gap",
    "n": 118638,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 8.37271,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "ratio_min": {
    "ci": [
      2.6,
      5.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "3.6",
    "estimand": "smallest party to place ratio over the issues (legal gay marriage)",
    "n": 50260,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 3.55714,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "scale_max": {
    "display": "100",
    "estimand": "definition of the scale",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "the top of the scale on which every issue is coded, where 100 is the side that Democrats take more often",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points",
    "value": 100,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "state_gap_mean": {
    "display": "45.7",
    "estimand": "mean over states of the state party gap averaged over the issues",
    "n": 49,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in each state, states with at least 50 of each on an issue",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 45.6706,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "state_gap_sd": {
    "display": "5.4",
    "estimand": "standard deviation across states of the state party gap",
    "n": 49,
    "note": "The spread includes sampling error in each state's estimate. No interval.",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in each state, states with at least 50 of each on an issue",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 5.40775,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "state_gap_slope": {
    "ci": [
      -1.3,
      0.4
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−0.5",
    "estimand": "least squares slope of the state party gap on the state's mean two-party margin, times 10; bootstrap over states",
    "n": 49,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in each state, states with at least 50 of each on an issue",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points of party gap per 10 points of state Democratic margin",
    "value": -0.492283,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "state_n_min": {
    "display": "265",
    "estimand": "average number of Democrats and Republicans per issue in the state with the fewest",
    "n": 265,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in each state, states with at least 50 of each on an issue",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "respondents",
    "value": 265,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "state_se_max": {
    "display": "3.9",
    "estimand": "largest across states of the standard error of the state party gap averaged over the issues (Taylor linearisation)",
    "n": 49,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in each state, states with at least 50 of each on an issue",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 3.87992,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "state_se_median": {
    "display": "1.3",
    "estimand": "median across states of the standard error of the state party gap averaged over the issues (Taylor linearisation, respondents treated as independent within a state)",
    "n": 49,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans in each state, states with at least 50 of each on an issue",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 1.31203,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "thin_cut": {
    "display": "1",
    "estimand": "cutoff used to count intervals that only just clear zero",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "a lower interval end within this many points of zero is called close to zero",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points",
    "value": 1,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "thr_high": {
    "display": "40",
    "estimand": "higher cutoff tried",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "sensitivity check on the deep-county cutoff",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points of two-party margin",
    "value": 40,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "thr_low": {
    "display": "10",
    "estimand": "lower cutoff tried",
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, each issue in the years it was asked",
    "population": "sensitivity check on the deep-county cutoff",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points of two-party margin",
    "value": 10,
    "weights": "none (count)"
  },
  "undoc_dem_2012": {
    "ci": [
      5.5,
      12.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "9.0",
    "estimand": "Democratic place gap on a path to legal status",
    "n": 42924,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES surveys pooled in the 2012 presidential cycle",
    "population": "Democrats in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 9.01864,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "undoc_dem_2016": {
    "ci": [
      0,
      3.7
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.9",
    "estimand": "Democratic place gap on a path to legal status",
    "n": 38453,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES surveys pooled in the 2016 presidential cycle",
    "population": "Democrats in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 1.8696,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "undoc_dem_2020": {
    "ci": [
      -0.2,
      3.6
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "1.7",
    "estimand": "Democratic place gap on a path to legal status",
    "n": 31307,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES surveys pooled in the 2020 presidential cycle",
    "population": "Democrats in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 1.70957,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "undoc_dem_step_last": {
    "ci": [
      -2.6,
      2.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−0.2",
    "estimand": "change in the Democratic place gap on a path to legal status between cycles",
    "n": 69760,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2016 to 2020",
    "population": "Democrats in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": -0.160027,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "undoc_dem_step_mid": {
    "ci": [
      -10.3,
      -4.2
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "−7.1",
    "estimand": "change in the Democratic place gap on a path to legal status between cycles",
    "n": 81377,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2012 to 2016",
    "population": "Democrats in deep counties",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": -7.14904,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "undoc_party_change": {
    "ci": [
      10.2,
      22.9
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+15.5",
    "estimand": "change in the party gap from the first to the last cycle in which the issue was asked",
    "n": 34074,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES cycles 2004 to 2020",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 15.5464,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "undoc_rep_diff": {
    "ci": [
      -1.1,
      8.5
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "+3.1",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share supporting between the most Democratic and the most Republican bin of counties; state-cluster bootstrap interval",
    "n": 16673,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2013 to 2021, not 2018",
    "population": "Republicans",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (change in the share supporting, most Democratic bin minus most Republican bin)",
    "value": 3.12958,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "wall_party_gap": {
    "ci": [
      62.5,
      65.8
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "64.1",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 60875,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2017 to 2021, not 2019",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 64.1331,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "wall_place_gap": {
    "ci": [
      2.9,
      5.3
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "4.1",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval of the party gap or place gap",
    "n": 60875,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2017 to 2021, not 2019",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "points (difference in the share taking the Democratic side, on a 0 to 100 scale)",
    "value": 4.14379,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  },
  "wall_ratio": {
    "ci": [
      12,
      22
    ],
    "ciLevel": 0.95,
    "display": "15.5",
    "estimand": "difference in the weighted share taking the Democratic side; state-cluster bootstrap interval; ratio of the two",
    "n": 60875,
    "note": "",
    "period": "CES survey years 2017 to 2021, not 2019",
    "population": "Democrats and Republicans (three-point party identification, leaners excluded) in counties with a two-party presidential margin of 20 points or more",
    "source": "ces",
    "unit": "ratio (party gap divided by place gap)",
    "value": 15.4769,
    "weights": "weight_cumulative (CES cumulative weight; each survey year carries the same total weight)"
  }
}