{
  "alt": "Dot chart in three panels, one for each period, with four dots per panel for partisans who are neither very warm nor very cold, very warm only, very cold only and both. In every panel the share voting for their own party's presidential candidate is lowest for neither and rises through warm only and cold only to both, which is close to all voters. Other views show House voting, straight-ticket voting, turnout and campaign activity.",
  "caption": "In each panel the shares rise from neither to warm only, cold only and both, and cold only sits to the right of warm only in all three periods. Cold-only partisans were {fact:gshare_strict_cold_1} of partisans in 1978 to 1990 and {fact:gshare_strict_cold_3} in 2012 to 2024, and warm-only partisans were {fact:gshare_strict_warm_1} and {fact:gshare_strict_warm_3}. Warm only means rating the own party at or above {fact:cut_warm_strict} and the other party above {fact:cut_cold_strict}; cold only means the reverse; both means meeting both conditions. Each dot is a weighted share with a 95% interval (Wilson). The other views change the behavior.",
  "data": [
    {
      "conf_high": 80.3486,
      "conf_low": 76.1963,
      "estimate": 78.3444,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 1510,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 92.3025,
      "conf_low": 88.8686,
      "estimate": 90.7273,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 1100,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 98.7071,
      "conf_low": 91.8077,
      "estimate": 96.6942,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 121,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 99.5659,
      "conf_low": 97.1706,
      "estimate": 98.8858,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 359,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 85.9579,
      "conf_low": 82.9451,
      "estimate": 84.5112,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 2753,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 95.72,
      "conf_low": 93.0052,
      "estimate": 94.5188,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 1361,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 98.2689,
      "conf_low": 94.789,
      "estimate": 96.9819,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 496,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 99.7376,
      "conf_low": 98.2703,
      "estimate": 99.3241,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 790,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 84.5615,
      "conf_low": 81.7289,
      "estimate": 83.1928,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 4794,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 96.6102,
      "conf_low": 93.8355,
      "estimate": 95.4189,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 1651,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 98.5233,
      "conf_low": 97.467,
      "estimate": 98.0646,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 4774,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 99.4751,
      "conf_low": 98.7183,
      "estimate": 99.1791,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 4393,
      "outcome": "pres",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 73.6353,
      "conf_low": 70.4874,
      "estimate": 72.0885,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 3117,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.5033,
      "conf_low": 77.9812,
      "estimate": 79.7995,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 1995,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 93.0499,
      "conf_low": 85.4857,
      "estimate": 89.8785,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 247,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 91.437,
      "conf_low": 86.3236,
      "estimate": 89.1419,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 571,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.7262,
      "conf_low": 73.4935,
      "estimate": 75.145,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 3336,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.027,
      "conf_low": 83.0405,
      "estimate": 85.1438,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 1501,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 93.1259,
      "conf_low": 87.9708,
      "estimate": 90.8705,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 590,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 96.3416,
      "conf_low": 92.9027,
      "estimate": 94.8892,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 844,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 82.1672,
      "conf_low": 79.0318,
      "estimate": 80.6477,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 4286,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 91.8903,
      "conf_low": 87.5396,
      "estimate": 89.9216,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 1376,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 95.7722,
      "conf_low": 94.0351,
      "estimate": 94.9743,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 4397,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 96.2517,
      "conf_low": 94.4063,
      "estimate": 95.4166,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 3853,
      "outcome": "house",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 72.7073,
      "conf_low": 67.7428,
      "estimate": 70.2848,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 1299,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 79.4572,
      "conf_low": 74.1082,
      "estimate": 76.8908,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 952,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 93.3403,
      "conf_low": 81.0799,
      "estimate": 88.5714,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 105,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 90.5348,
      "conf_low": 83.0512,
      "estimate": 87.2549,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 306,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.7047,
      "conf_low": 73.7948,
      "estimate": 75.8035,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 2282,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.6096,
      "conf_low": 83.0713,
      "estimate": 85.4871,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 1140,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 94.0212,
      "conf_low": 88.0621,
      "estimate": 91.5042,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 421,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 97.1681,
      "conf_low": 93.5968,
      "estimate": 95.7256,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 685,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 84.2724,
      "conf_low": 81.1724,
      "estimate": 82.7776,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 4028,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 92.2606,
      "conf_low": 87.9445,
      "estimate": 90.3151,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 1351,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 95.7057,
      "conf_low": 93.9179,
      "estimate": 94.8852,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 4232,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 96.3446,
      "conf_low": 94.5119,
      "estimate": 95.5167,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 3824,
      "outcome": "straight",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 63.5238,
      "conf_low": 61.0481,
      "estimate": 62.294,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 5885,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 70.1421,
      "conf_low": 67.0259,
      "estimate": 68.605,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 3405,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 67.3655,
      "conf_low": 58.6936,
      "estimate": 63.1356,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 472,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 74.5209,
      "conf_low": 68.7412,
      "estimate": 71.7204,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 930,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 71.6934,
      "conf_low": 69.0473,
      "estimate": 70.3875,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 5620,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.4986,
      "conf_low": 71.5456,
      "estimate": 73.5694,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 2368,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 82.054,
      "conf_low": 76.0062,
      "estimate": 79.1916,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 864,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 85.3375,
      "conf_low": 80.3994,
      "estimate": 83.0107,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 1158,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 79.5259,
      "conf_low": 76.8316,
      "estimate": 78.2088,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 6432,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 84.3385,
      "conf_low": 79.8159,
      "estimate": 82.1894,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 2043,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.0319,
      "conf_low": 86.7356,
      "estimate": 87.9307,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 5582,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.6324,
      "conf_low": 87.1499,
      "estimate": 88.449,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 4919,
      "outcome": "turnout",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 34.9855,
      "conf_low": 32.5594,
      "estimate": 33.7618,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 5835,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 41.7026,
      "conf_low": 38.4027,
      "estimate": 40.0414,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 3384,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 48.0806,
      "conf_low": 39.0946,
      "estimate": 43.5345,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 464,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 47.7511,
      "conf_low": 41.3517,
      "estimate": 44.5287,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 923,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "1978 to 1990"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 40.4931,
      "conf_low": 37.6639,
      "estimate": 39.0693,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 5614,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 47.1311,
      "conf_low": 42.6674,
      "estimate": 44.889,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 2362,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 60.8298,
      "conf_low": 53.4679,
      "estimate": 57.1886,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 864,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 64.4088,
      "conf_low": 58.0096,
      "estimate": 61.2577,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 1157,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "1992 to 2008"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 44.1372,
      "conf_low": 40.8951,
      "estimate": 42.5081,
      "group": "Neither",
      "n": 6364,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 57.5356,
      "conf_low": 51.61,
      "estimate": 54.589,
      "group": "Warm only",
      "n": 2011,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 61.7503,
      "conf_low": 58.2802,
      "estimate": 60.0278,
      "group": "Cold only",
      "n": 5510,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 64.0657,
      "conf_low": 60.2612,
      "estimate": 62.1822,
      "group": "Both",
      "n": 4812,
      "outcome": "act_any",
      "period": "2012 to 2024"
    }
  ],
  "id": "cells",
  "notes": [
    "Cells below {fact:floor_cell} respondents are left out."
  ],
  "source": "ANES Cumulative Data File, 1978-2024; weighted (VCF0009z)",
  "spec": {
    "colors": {
      "Both": "total",
      "Cold only": "highlight",
      "Neither": "muted",
      "Warm only": "accent"
    },
    "facet": "period",
    "facetColumns": 3,
    "group": "group",
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "legend": false,
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "sort": "data",
    "x": "estimate",
    "xDomain": [
      70,
      100
    ],
    "xFormat": {
      "digits": 1,
      "suffix": "%"
    },
    "xLabel": "Share voting for own party's presidential candidate (%)",
    "y": "group"
  },
  "subtitle": "Share of partisans, leaners included, who acted as the view names (first view: voted for their own party's presidential candidate), by whether they rated the other party at or below {fact:cut_cold_strict} (cold) and their own party at or above {fact:cut_warm_strict} (warm), three periods",
  "title": "Partisans very cold toward the other party only voted for their own party's presidential candidate more often than those very warm toward their own party only in each period, at {fact:cell_pres_cold_3} against {fact:cell_pres_warm_3} in 2012 to 2024",
  "type": "dot",
  "views": [
    {
      "filter": {
        "outcome": "pres"
      },
      "id": "pres",
      "label": "Presidential vote",
      "spec": {
        "xDomain": [
          70,
          100
        ],
        "xLabel": "Share voting for own party's presidential candidate (%)"
      }
    },
    {
      "caption": "Cold only sits to the right of warm only in all three periods, at {fact:cell_house_cold_3} against {fact:cell_house_warm_3} in 2012 to 2024 and {fact:cell_house_cold_1} against {fact:cell_house_warm_1} in 1978 to 1990. Each dot is a weighted share of partisans who voted for a major-party House candidate, with a 95% interval (Wilson).",
      "filter": {
        "outcome": "house"
      },
      "id": "house",
      "label": "House vote",
      "spec": {
        "xDomain": [
          60,
          100
        ],
        "xLabel": "Share voting for own party's House candidate (%)"
      },
      "title": "Partisans very cold toward the other party only voted for their own party's House candidate more often than those very warm toward their own party only in each period, at {fact:cell_house_cold_3} against {fact:cell_house_warm_3} in 2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "caption": "Cold only sits to the right of warm only in all three periods, at {fact:cell_straight_cold_3} against {fact:cell_straight_warm_3} in 2012 to 2024 and {fact:cell_straight_cold_1} against {fact:cell_straight_warm_1} in 1978 to 1990. Each dot is a weighted share of partisans who voted for a major-party candidate for both president and the House, with a 95% interval (Wilson).",
      "filter": {
        "outcome": "straight"
      },
      "id": "straight",
      "label": "Straight ticket",
      "spec": {
        "xDomain": [
          60,
          100
        ],
        "xLabel": "Share voting for one party for president and the House (%)"
      },
      "title": "Partisans very cold toward the other party only voted a straight ticket more often than those very warm toward their own party only in each period, at {fact:cell_straight_cold_3} against {fact:cell_straight_warm_3} in 2012 to 2024"
    },
    {
      "caption": "Warm only sits to the right of cold only in 1978 to 1990, at {fact:cell_turnout_warm_1} against {fact:cell_turnout_cold_1}, and cold only sits to the right in 1992 to 2008 and 2012 to 2024, at {fact:cell_turnout_cold_3} against {fact:cell_turnout_warm_3} in the last period. Each dot is a weighted share of partisans who answered the turnout question, with a 95% interval (Wilson).",
      "filter": {
        "outcome": "turnout"
      },
      "id": "turnout",
      "label": "Reported turnout",
      "spec": {
        "xDomain": [
          50,
          100
        ],
        "xLabel": "Share reporting that they voted (%)"
      },
      "title": "Partisans very warm toward their own party only reported voting more often than those very cold toward the other party only in 1978 to 1990, at {fact:cell_turnout_warm_1} against {fact:cell_turnout_cold_1}, and the order was reversed in both later periods"
    },
    {
      "caption": "Cold only sits to the right of warm only in 1992 to 2008 and 2012 to 2024, at {fact:cell_act_any_cold_3} against {fact:cell_act_any_warm_3} in the last period, and in 1978 to 1990 the difference between the two includes zero. Each dot is a weighted share of partisans with a 95% interval (Wilson).",
      "filter": {
        "outcome": "act_any"
      },
      "id": "act_any",
      "label": "Campaign activity",
      "spec": {
        "xDomain": [
          25,
          75
        ],
        "xLabel": "Share taking part in at least one campaign activity (%)"
      },
      "title": "Partisans very cold toward the other party only reported more campaign activity than those very warm toward their own party only in 1992 to 2008 and 2012 to 2024, and the 1978 to 1990 difference includes zero"
    }
  ]
}