{
  "alt": "Line chart with four lines for 1972 to 2024. The headline share of placed partisans, the share reweighted to the mix of all partisans and the share with independents in the base run close together, stay near their 1972 levels until 1990, fall through the 1990s and 2000s, and end in 2024 at {fact:cross_2024}, {fact:adj_2024} and {fact:ind_2024}. The fourth line, the share of all partisans with the unplaced counted as not cross-pressured, starts at {fact:allp_1972}, ends at {fact:allp_2024} and has a gap at 2000, when the item went to a subsample of respondents.",
  "caption": "The Placed, Reweighted and With independents lines fall together, and the All partisans line falls by less because the share of partisans who place themselves rose from {fact:placed_1972} in 1972 to {fact:placed_2024} in 2024. The All partisans line has a gap at 2000, when the item went to a subsample of respondents.",
  "data": [
    {
      "band_high": 21.8065,
      "band_low": 17.6047,
      "conf_high": 21.8065,
      "conf_low": 17.6047,
      "estimate": 19.6207,
      "n": 1371,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1972
    },
    {
      "band_high": 21.3391,
      "band_low": 15.7386,
      "conf_high": 21.3391,
      "conf_low": 15.7386,
      "estimate": 18.3741,
      "n": 977,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1974
    },
    {
      "band_high": 20.0185,
      "band_low": 15.79,
      "conf_high": 20.0185,
      "conf_low": 15.79,
      "estimate": 17.8061,
      "n": 1306,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1976
    },
    {
      "band_high": 20.047,
      "band_low": 16.0686,
      "conf_high": 20.047,
      "conf_low": 16.0686,
      "estimate": 17.972,
      "n": 1430,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1978
    },
    {
      "band_high": 23.0555,
      "band_low": 17.7822,
      "conf_high": 23.0555,
      "conf_low": 17.7822,
      "estimate": 20.2915,
      "n": 892,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "band_high": 20.9222,
      "band_low": 15.6085,
      "conf_high": 20.9222,
      "conf_low": 15.6085,
      "estimate": 18.1141,
      "n": 806,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "band_high": 19.0439,
      "band_low": 15.1124,
      "conf_high": 19.0439,
      "conf_low": 15.1124,
      "estimate": 16.9879,
      "n": 1401,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "band_high": 20.5455,
      "band_low": 16.541,
      "conf_high": 20.5455,
      "conf_low": 16.541,
      "estimate": 18.4594,
      "n": 1441,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "band_high": 20.8032,
      "band_low": 16.5534,
      "conf_high": 20.8032,
      "conf_low": 16.5534,
      "estimate": 18.5848,
      "n": 1286,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "band_high": 21.9965,
      "band_low": 17.5382,
      "conf_high": 21.9965,
      "conf_low": 17.5382,
      "estimate": 19.6721,
      "n": 1220,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "band_high": 18.8104,
      "band_low": 15.1654,
      "conf_high": 18.8104,
      "conf_low": 15.1654,
      "estimate": 16.9098,
      "n": 1630,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "band_high": 15.8388,
      "band_low": 11.6814,
      "conf_high": 15.8388,
      "conf_low": 11.6814,
      "estimate": 13.6271,
      "n": 1279,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "band_high": 16.8615,
      "band_low": 12.4869,
      "conf_high": 16.8615,
      "conf_low": 12.4869,
      "estimate": 14.5382,
      "n": 1233,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "band_high": 18.3131,
      "band_low": 13.2292,
      "conf_high": 18.3131,
      "conf_low": 13.2292,
      "estimate": 15.6031,
      "n": 922,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "band_high": 19.4582,
      "band_low": 13.0036,
      "conf_high": 19.4582,
      "conf_low": 13.0036,
      "estimate": 15.9685,
      "n": 603,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "band_high": 17.5237,
      "band_low": 12.5697,
      "conf_high": 17.5237,
      "conf_low": 12.5697,
      "estimate": 14.8774,
      "n": 1171,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "band_high": 14.0468,
      "band_low": 9.36115,
      "conf_high": 14.0468,
      "conf_low": 9.36115,
      "estimate": 11.4979,
      "n": 849,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "band_high": 13.4394,
      "band_low": 9.41267,
      "conf_high": 13.4394,
      "conf_low": 9.41267,
      "estimate": 11.27,
      "n": 1448,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "band_high": 11.0234,
      "band_low": 8.72367,
      "conf_high": 11.0234,
      "conf_low": 8.72367,
      "estimate": 9.81365,
      "n": 4613,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "band_high": 8.38028,
      "band_low": 6.15811,
      "conf_high": 8.38028,
      "conf_low": 6.15811,
      "estimate": 7.1904,
      "n": 2949,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "band_high": 5.94674,
      "band_low": 4.48944,
      "conf_high": 5.94674,
      "conf_low": 4.48944,
      "estimate": 5.16976,
      "n": 6353,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "band_high": 7.4448,
      "band_low": 5.36854,
      "conf_high": 7.4448,
      "conf_low": 5.36854,
      "estimate": 6.32773,
      "n": 4482,
      "series": "Placed",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 22.1881,
      "conf_low": 17.7506,
      "estimate": 19.8764,
      "n": 1365,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1972
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 22.5999,
      "conf_low": 16.709,
      "estimate": 19.4863,
      "n": 958,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1974
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 21.4208,
      "conf_low": 16.8111,
      "estimate": 19.0093,
      "n": 1290,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1976
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 20.9402,
      "conf_low": 16.7165,
      "estimate": 18.7369,
      "n": 1420,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1978
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 24.4297,
      "conf_low": 18.7271,
      "estimate": 21.4409,
      "n": 888,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 23.7544,
      "conf_low": 17.6926,
      "estimate": 20.5584,
      "n": 803,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 20.6466,
      "conf_low": 16.37,
      "estimate": 18.4124,
      "n": 1381,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 20.9838,
      "conf_low": 16.8074,
      "estimate": 18.8066,
      "n": 1426,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 22.3392,
      "conf_low": 17.7461,
      "estimate": 19.9435,
      "n": 1254,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 23.1725,
      "conf_low": 18.3814,
      "estimate": 20.6745,
      "n": 1197,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 20.2386,
      "conf_low": 16.3044,
      "estimate": 18.1889,
      "n": 1582,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 17.7621,
      "conf_low": 13.0809,
      "estimate": 15.2751,
      "n": 1217,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 18.4098,
      "conf_low": 13.6459,
      "estimate": 15.8835,
      "n": 1224,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 20.3733,
      "conf_low": 14.7317,
      "estimate": 17.3724,
      "n": 901,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 23.0486,
      "conf_low": 15.2534,
      "estimate": 18.8434,
      "n": 596,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 18.9366,
      "conf_low": 13.3803,
      "estimate": 15.9636,
      "n": 1152,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 15.8782,
      "conf_low": 10.7078,
      "estimate": 13.0774,
      "n": 843,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 15.2592,
      "conf_low": 10.962,
      "estimate": 12.9597,
      "n": 1402,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 11.33,
      "conf_low": 8.95969,
      "estimate": 10.0832,
      "n": 4507,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 9.8144,
      "conf_low": 7.17963,
      "estimate": 8.4037,
      "n": 2846,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 6.61617,
      "conf_low": 4.93816,
      "estimate": 5.71963,
      "n": 6036,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 8.14168,
      "conf_low": 5.83585,
      "estimate": 6.90011,
      "n": 4207,
      "series": "Reweighted",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 19.3821,
      "conf_low": 15.6016,
      "estimate": 17.411,
      "n": 1545,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1972
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 18.0541,
      "conf_low": 13.2117,
      "estimate": 15.4788,
      "n": 1140,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1974
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 17.4071,
      "conf_low": 13.6756,
      "estimate": 15.4495,
      "n": 1497,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1976
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 17.3222,
      "conf_low": 13.8385,
      "estimate": 15.5006,
      "n": 1658,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1978
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 20.5262,
      "conf_low": 15.7733,
      "estimate": 18.0279,
      "n": 1004,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 18.9599,
      "conf_low": 14.1009,
      "estimate": 16.3861,
      "n": 891,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 17.2791,
      "conf_low": 13.6815,
      "estimate": 15.3946,
      "n": 1546,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 18.2805,
      "conf_low": 14.6773,
      "estimate": 16.3995,
      "n": 1622,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 18.879,
      "conf_low": 14.9857,
      "estimate": 16.8428,
      "n": 1419,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 20.4301,
      "conf_low": 16.2567,
      "estimate": 18.251,
      "n": 1315,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 16.8802,
      "conf_low": 13.5786,
      "estimate": 15.1557,
      "n": 1819,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 14.4645,
      "conf_low": 10.6392,
      "estimate": 12.4261,
      "n": 1398,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 15.6663,
      "conf_low": 11.5714,
      "estimate": 13.4882,
      "n": 1326,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 16.6947,
      "conf_low": 12.0229,
      "estimate": 14.1992,
      "n": 1012,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 17.6314,
      "conf_low": 11.7342,
      "estimate": 14.4342,
      "n": 669,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 16.755,
      "conf_low": 11.9986,
      "estimate": 14.2116,
      "n": 1223,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 13.1499,
      "conf_low": 8.75561,
      "estimate": 10.757,
      "n": 913,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 12.1765,
      "conf_low": 8.51552,
      "estimate": 10.2014,
      "n": 1607,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 9.57367,
      "conf_low": 7.5644,
      "estimate": 8.51544,
      "n": 5288,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 7.46362,
      "conf_low": 5.47356,
      "estimate": 6.39687,
      "n": 3298,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 5.38413,
      "conf_low": 4.06114,
      "estimate": 4.67836,
      "n": 7041,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 7.10994,
      "conf_low": 5.12711,
      "estimate": 6.04287,
      "n": 4716,
      "series": "With independents",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 13.1016,
      "conf_low": 10.4686,
      "estimate": 11.7211,
      "n": 2295,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1972
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 15.8677,
      "conf_low": 11.5782,
      "estimate": 13.5809,
      "n": 1305,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1974
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 13.8727,
      "conf_low": 10.8471,
      "estimate": 12.28,
      "n": 1879,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1976
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 15.1537,
      "conf_low": 12.0747,
      "estimate": 13.5406,
      "n": 1898,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1978
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 15.119,
      "conf_low": 11.5295,
      "estimate": 13.2213,
      "n": 1369,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 13.909,
      "conf_low": 10.2642,
      "estimate": 11.9672,
      "n": 1220,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 13.7468,
      "conf_low": 10.8373,
      "estimate": 12.2177,
      "n": 1948,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 15.9402,
      "conf_low": 12.7629,
      "estimate": 14.278,
      "n": 1863,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 15.0647,
      "conf_low": 11.9014,
      "estimate": 13.4044,
      "n": 1783,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 15.5908,
      "conf_low": 12.3311,
      "estimate": 13.8809,
      "n": 1729,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 14.2412,
      "conf_low": 11.4167,
      "estimate": 12.7624,
      "n": 2155,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 12.5039,
      "conf_low": 9.13701,
      "estimate": 10.7045,
      "n": 1589,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 13.0924,
      "conf_low": 9.56591,
      "estimate": 11.2085,
      "n": 1549,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 14.7087,
      "conf_low": 10.5161,
      "estimate": 12.4619,
      "n": 1124,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": null,
      "n": 1568,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 14.351,
      "conf_low": 10.1142,
      "estimate": 12.0732,
      "n": 1372,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 11.0554,
      "conf_low": 7.29021,
      "estimate": 8.99687,
      "n": 1074,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 10.3402,
      "conf_low": 7.25223,
      "estimate": 8.67265,
      "n": 2018,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 10.2008,
      "conf_low": 8.06978,
      "estimate": 9.07918,
      "n": 5098,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 6.50472,
      "conf_low": 4.7195,
      "estimate": 5.54486,
      "n": 3668,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 5.07227,
      "conf_low": 3.79679,
      "estimate": 4.39055,
      "n": 7277,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "band_high": null,
      "band_low": null,
      "conf_high": 6.40453,
      "conf_low": 4.59346,
      "estimate": 5.42824,
      "n": 5103,
      "series": "All partisans",
      "year": 2024
    }
  ],
  "id": "denominators",
  "notes": [
    "The share of partisans who place themselves was {fact:placed_1972} in 1972, {fact:placed_2000} in 2000, {fact:placed_2020} in 2020 and {fact:placed_2024} in 2024.",
    "The All partisans line has no value for 2000: {fact:noanswer_2000} of the 2000 respondents have no recorded answer to the item, so the share of partisans who place themselves reflects the design of that study and not the partisans.",
    "With no assumption about the unplaced, the 1972 share lies between {fact:allp_1972} and {fact:ub_1972} and the 2024 share between {fact:allp_2024} and {fact:ub_2024}.",
    "Intervals for the reweighted series use the effective sample size of the adjusted weights and ignore the estimation of the adjustment factors.",
    "Bands are drawn for the Placed line only; the intervals of the other lines are in the data table."
  ],
  "source": "ANES Cumulative Data File, 1972-2024; weighted (VCF0009z); placed partisans, leaners included; the reweighted series adjusts the weights within each year",
  "spec": {
    "annotations": [
      {
        "label": "Item asked of a subsample",
        "type": "x-rule",
        "x": 2000
      }
    ],
    "colors": {
      "All partisans": "total",
      "Placed": "highlight",
      "Reweighted": "cat1",
      "With independents": "ind"
    },
    "dashed": [
      "Reweighted",
      "With independents",
      "All partisans"
    ],
    "hi": "band_high",
    "lo": "band_low",
    "n": "n",
    "series": "series",
    "x": "year",
    "xDomain": [
      1972,
      2024
    ],
    "xLabel": "Survey year",
    "y": "estimate",
    "yDomain": [
      0,
      30
    ],
    "yFormat": {
      "digits": 1,
      "suffix": "%"
    },
    "yLabel": "Cross-pressured share of the base (%)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Cross-pressured share under four bases, ANES study years 1972-2024, with 95% intervals for the Placed line",
  "table": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "series",
        "label": "Series"
      },
      {
        "key": "year",
        "label": "Year"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "estimate",
        "label": "Share (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "conf_low",
        "label": "Interval low"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "conf_high",
        "label": "Interval high"
      },
      {
        "key": "n",
        "label": "Respondents in the base"
      }
    ]
  },
  "title": "The fall is {fact:ind_fall} to {fact:fall_7224} points under three bases and {fact:allp_fall} points when unplaced partisans count as not cross-pressured",
  "type": "line",
  "width": "wide"
}