{
  "alt": "Line chart of the share favoring gun control by survey year for Democrats, independents and Republicans, with confidence bands on the party lines. In the GSS view the Democratic share is {fact:gm_d_e} pooled over 1973 to 1980 and {fact:gm_d_l} over 2016 to 2024, and the Republican share falls from {fact:gm_r_e} to {fact:gm_r_l}. In the ANES view the Democratic share rises from {fact:ah_d_2000} in 2000 to {fact:ah_d_2020} in 2020 and the Republican share falls from {fact:ah_r_2000} to {fact:ah_r_2020}; the 2024 point comes from the 2024 Time Series file. The in-person GSS view repeats the lines for respondents interviewed in person.",
  "caption": "In the GSS view the Republican line falls from {fact:gm_r_e} in 1973 to 1980 to {fact:gm_r_l} in 2016 to 2024 while the Democratic line rises from {fact:gm_d_e} to {fact:gm_d_l}. Bands on the party lines are 95% confidence intervals and the shaded band marks a change of survey mode. The in-person view keeps respondents interviewed in person. The two questions differ, so only direction and timing are comparable.",
  "data": [
    {
      "conf_high": 72.3309,
      "conf_low": 65.4828,
      "estimate": 68.9069,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 884,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 72.3357,
      "conf_low": 63.9708,
      "estimate": 68.1533,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 587,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 59.1149,
      "conf_low": 52.2473,
      "estimate": 55.6811,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 1348,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 65.47,
      "conf_low": 60.7198,
      "estimate": 63.0949,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 3094,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.3859,
      "conf_low": 71.6589,
      "estimate": 74.0224,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 1935,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.3377,
      "conf_low": 73.3456,
      "estimate": 75.3416,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 3441,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 84.4563,
      "conf_low": 79.9511,
      "estimate": 82.2037,
      "file": "ANES 2024 Time Series",
      "n": 2319,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 65.7111,
      "conf_low": 50.9515,
      "estimate": 58.3313,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 220,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 56.853,
      "conf_low": 41.5327,
      "estimate": 49.1928,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 259,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 51.2058,
      "conf_low": 42.0369,
      "estimate": 46.6213,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 780,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 50.8576,
      "conf_low": 41.0332,
      "estimate": 45.9454,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 570,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 47.4395,
      "conf_low": 38.3177,
      "estimate": 42.8786,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 863,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 56.7652,
      "conf_low": 40.2617,
      "estimate": 48.5134,
      "file": "ANES 2024 Time Series",
      "n": 302,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 48.6664,
      "conf_low": 40.4278,
      "estimate": 44.5471,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 675,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 46.5989,
      "conf_low": 37.0364,
      "estimate": 41.8176,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 482,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 39.676,
      "conf_low": 31.0945,
      "estimate": 35.3853,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 652,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 28.7247,
      "conf_low": 23.7661,
      "estimate": 26.2454,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 1991,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 33.5452,
      "conf_low": 28.3271,
      "estimate": 30.9362,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 1722,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 24.3152,
      "conf_low": 20.4123,
      "estimate": 22.3638,
      "file": "ANES cumulative file",
      "n": 3050,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 34.3857,
      "conf_low": 28.6379,
      "estimate": 31.5118,
      "file": "ANES 2024 Time Series",
      "n": 2070,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 78.3453,
      "conf_low": 72.0318,
      "estimate": 75.1885,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 891,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1972
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.2796,
      "conf_low": 73.8646,
      "estimate": 77.0721,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 784,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1973
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.3806,
      "conf_low": 74.058,
      "estimate": 77.2193,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 818,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1974
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.7687,
      "conf_low": 74.3233,
      "estimate": 77.546,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 793,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1975
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.4856,
      "conf_low": 70.8677,
      "estimate": 74.1766,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 827,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1976
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.9922,
      "conf_low": 70.3616,
      "estimate": 73.6769,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 862,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1977
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 74.825,
      "conf_low": 66.7475,
      "estimate": 70.7863,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 743,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 78.1767,
      "conf_low": 71.288,
      "estimate": 74.7324,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 1083,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 79.7078,
      "conf_low": 72.0161,
      "estimate": 75.8619,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 740,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.941,
      "conf_low": 73.2549,
      "estimate": 77.098,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 743,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1985
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 73.9593,
      "conf_low": 66.8264,
      "estimate": 70.3928,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 1008,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1987
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 83.9775,
      "conf_low": 75.8918,
      "estimate": 79.9347,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 475,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.855,
      "conf_low": 80.3414,
      "estimate": 84.0982,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 474,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1989
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 88.6081,
      "conf_low": 80.3328,
      "estimate": 84.4705,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 377,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 86.3253,
      "conf_low": 77.9857,
      "estimate": 82.1555,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 422,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1991
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 88.3265,
      "conf_low": 81.2137,
      "estimate": 84.7701,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 501,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1993
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 86.3609,
      "conf_low": 81.0094,
      "estimate": 83.6851,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 935,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 88.8064,
      "conf_low": 83.5906,
      "estimate": 86.1985,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 861,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.3698,
      "conf_low": 84.2685,
      "estimate": 86.8191,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 874,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.4724,
      "conf_low": 84.1001,
      "estimate": 86.7862,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 804,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.7819,
      "conf_low": 81.8297,
      "estimate": 85.8058,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 408,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.0537,
      "conf_low": 80.8191,
      "estimate": 84.9364,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 397,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 90.0325,
      "conf_low": 84.4261,
      "estimate": 87.2293,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 838,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2006
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 88.1703,
      "conf_low": 81.2968,
      "estimate": 84.7335,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 630,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.3176,
      "conf_low": 79.8107,
      "estimate": 83.5642,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 580,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2010
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 84.71,
      "conf_low": 76.9676,
      "estimate": 80.8388,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 595,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 86.8643,
      "conf_low": 80.7353,
      "estimate": 83.7998,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 787,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 83.0624,
      "conf_low": 76.4192,
      "estimate": 79.7408,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 894,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 86.8874,
      "conf_low": 79.8277,
      "estimate": 83.3576,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 698,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 84.4614,
      "conf_low": 80.0156,
      "estimate": 82.2385,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 1814,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2021
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.6069,
      "conf_low": 82.8905,
      "estimate": 86.2487,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 963,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.5051,
      "conf_low": 80.2989,
      "estimate": 83.902,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 828,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 78.9063,
      "conf_low": 62.4559,
      "estimate": 70.6811,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 156,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1972
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 85.9261,
      "conf_low": 70.7691,
      "estimate": 78.3476,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 140,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1973
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.3835,
      "conf_low": 64.933,
      "estimate": 73.1582,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 139,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1974
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.0803,
      "conf_low": 63.2742,
      "estimate": 70.1772,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 202,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1975
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.1812,
      "conf_low": 61.7108,
      "estimate": 68.446,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 228,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1976
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 79.8868,
      "conf_low": 65.1675,
      "estimate": 72.5271,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 171,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1977
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 82.9026,
      "conf_low": 69.0576,
      "estimate": 75.9801,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 237,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.9812,
      "conf_low": 67.7774,
      "estimate": 74.8793,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 218,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.1223,
      "conf_low": 63.5693,
      "estimate": 71.8458,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 151,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.2534,
      "conf_low": 61.5952,
      "estimate": 69.4243,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 189,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1987
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.5867,
      "conf_low": 64.1207,
      "estimate": 72.8537,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 120,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1989
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 85.3783,
      "conf_low": 73.7043,
      "estimate": 79.5413,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 239,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 84.8966,
      "conf_low": 74.6334,
      "estimate": 79.765,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 294,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.1705,
      "conf_low": 79.7365,
      "estimate": 84.4535,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 299,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.8962,
      "conf_low": 79.1331,
      "estimate": 83.5146,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 353,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 94.3728,
      "conf_low": 82.5576,
      "estimate": 88.4652,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 164,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.4327,
      "conf_low": 75.422,
      "estimate": 82.4274,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 149,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 83.0219,
      "conf_low": 73.3318,
      "estimate": 78.1769,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 413,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2006
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 90.9569,
      "conf_low": 79.9911,
      "estimate": 85.474,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 218,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 84.6379,
      "conf_low": 71.3013,
      "estimate": 77.9696,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 231,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2010
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.2225,
      "conf_low": 67.2732,
      "estimate": 74.2479,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 245,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.6694,
      "conf_low": 63.9316,
      "estimate": 69.8005,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 314,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.6333,
      "conf_low": 62.3993,
      "estimate": 69.0163,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 299,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.2964,
      "conf_low": 67.6625,
      "estimate": 74.4795,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 261,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 65.4001,
      "conf_low": 57.1654,
      "estimate": 61.2827,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 806,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2021
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.6886,
      "conf_low": 64.1851,
      "estimate": 70.4369,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 535,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 74.1485,
      "conf_low": 63.0229,
      "estimate": 68.5857,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 538,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.8696,
      "conf_low": 69.0858,
      "estimate": 73.4777,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 445,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1972
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.6526,
      "conf_low": 66.8642,
      "estimate": 71.2584,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 476,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1973
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 78.8501,
      "conf_low": 69.8224,
      "estimate": 74.3362,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 423,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1974
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.1828,
      "conf_low": 66.9473,
      "estimate": 71.5651,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 438,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1975
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.1189,
      "conf_low": 67.5988,
      "estimate": 72.3589,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 409,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1976
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 74.5907,
      "conf_low": 65.269,
      "estimate": 69.9299,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 452,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1977
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 71.9734,
      "conf_low": 61.5443,
      "estimate": 66.7589,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 448,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 73.2113,
      "conf_low": 62.9593,
      "estimate": 68.0853,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 496,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 69.6262,
      "conf_low": 59.0451,
      "estimate": 64.3357,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 513,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.7205,
      "conf_low": 69.0425,
      "estimate": 73.3815,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 604,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1985
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.8183,
      "conf_low": 67.0652,
      "estimate": 71.4417,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 560,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1987
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.6985,
      "conf_low": 65.2589,
      "estimate": 70.4787,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 355,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.0244,
      "conf_low": 71.8542,
      "estimate": 76.4393,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 410,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1989
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 82.4341,
      "conf_low": 73.3257,
      "estimate": 77.8799,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 406,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 83.5027,
      "conf_low": 74.9281,
      "estimate": 79.2154,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 417,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1991
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 83.6677,
      "conf_low": 74.6875,
      "estimate": 79.1776,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 411,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1993
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.7542,
      "conf_low": 69.5364,
      "estimate": 73.1453,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 731,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.4796,
      "conf_low": 73.6521,
      "estimate": 77.0658,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 696,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.9656,
      "conf_low": 74.6986,
      "estimate": 78.3321,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 618,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.1582,
      "conf_low": 68.3047,
      "estimate": 72.2315,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 609,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 78.347,
      "conf_low": 67.1484,
      "estimate": 72.7477,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 323,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.0874,
      "conf_low": 69.4906,
      "estimate": 74.789,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 331,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.7241,
      "conf_low": 69.7793,
      "estimate": 73.7517,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 665,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2006
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 72.0563,
      "conf_low": 61.8833,
      "estimate": 66.9698,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 446,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 69.0199,
      "conf_low": 57.6666,
      "estimate": 63.3432,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 417,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2010
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 69.4469,
      "conf_low": 57.3515,
      "estimate": 63.3992,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 397,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 63.1488,
      "conf_low": 53.5378,
      "estimate": 58.3433,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 527,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 63.8725,
      "conf_low": 54.3884,
      "estimate": 59.1304,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 599,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 66.0659,
      "conf_low": 54.8041,
      "estimate": 60.435,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 510,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 50.266,
      "conf_low": 43.5366,
      "estimate": 46.9013,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 1229,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2021
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 58.4727,
      "conf_low": 46.1582,
      "estimate": 52.3154,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 700,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 60.5742,
      "conf_low": 50.7102,
      "estimate": 55.6422,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 734,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 78.3453,
      "conf_low": 72.0318,
      "estimate": 75.1885,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 891,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1972
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.2796,
      "conf_low": 73.8646,
      "estimate": 77.0721,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 784,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1973
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.3806,
      "conf_low": 74.058,
      "estimate": 77.2193,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 818,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1974
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.7687,
      "conf_low": 74.3233,
      "estimate": 77.546,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 793,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1975
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.4856,
      "conf_low": 70.8677,
      "estimate": 74.1766,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 827,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1976
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.9922,
      "conf_low": 70.3616,
      "estimate": 73.6769,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 862,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1977
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 74.825,
      "conf_low": 66.7475,
      "estimate": 70.7863,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 743,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 78.1767,
      "conf_low": 71.288,
      "estimate": 74.7324,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 1083,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 79.7078,
      "conf_low": 72.0161,
      "estimate": 75.8619,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 740,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.941,
      "conf_low": 73.2549,
      "estimate": 77.098,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 743,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1985
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 73.9593,
      "conf_low": 66.8264,
      "estimate": 70.3928,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 1008,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1987
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 83.9775,
      "conf_low": 75.8918,
      "estimate": 79.9347,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 475,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.855,
      "conf_low": 80.3414,
      "estimate": 84.0982,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 474,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1989
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 88.6081,
      "conf_low": 80.3328,
      "estimate": 84.4705,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 377,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 86.3253,
      "conf_low": 77.9857,
      "estimate": 82.1555,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 422,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1991
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 88.3265,
      "conf_low": 81.2137,
      "estimate": 84.7701,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 501,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1993
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 86.3609,
      "conf_low": 81.0094,
      "estimate": 83.6851,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 935,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 88.8064,
      "conf_low": 83.5906,
      "estimate": 86.1985,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 861,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.3698,
      "conf_low": 84.2685,
      "estimate": 86.8191,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 874,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.4724,
      "conf_low": 84.1001,
      "estimate": 86.7862,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 804,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.7819,
      "conf_low": 81.8297,
      "estimate": 85.8058,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 408,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.8389,
      "conf_low": 77.7809,
      "estimate": 82.8099,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 301,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.2792,
      "conf_low": 83.4462,
      "estimate": 86.3627,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 787,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2006
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.4641,
      "conf_low": 79.8789,
      "estimate": 83.6715,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 552,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.974,
      "conf_low": 80.0699,
      "estimate": 84.0219,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 517,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2010
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 85.4772,
      "conf_low": 77.1695,
      "estimate": 81.3234,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 520,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 86.3515,
      "conf_low": 79.6136,
      "estimate": 82.9825,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 685,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 82.8007,
      "conf_low": 75.8492,
      "estimate": 79.3249,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 830,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.1173,
      "conf_low": 79.647,
      "estimate": 83.3822,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 628,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.6876,
      "conf_low": 79.3439,
      "estimate": 84.5157,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 434,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 86.9951,
      "conf_low": 73.9747,
      "estimate": 80.4849,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 282,
      "party": "Democrats",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 78.9063,
      "conf_low": 62.4559,
      "estimate": 70.6811,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 156,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1972
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 85.9261,
      "conf_low": 70.7691,
      "estimate": 78.3476,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 140,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1973
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.3835,
      "conf_low": 64.933,
      "estimate": 73.1582,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 139,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1974
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.0803,
      "conf_low": 63.2742,
      "estimate": 70.1772,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 202,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1975
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.1812,
      "conf_low": 61.7108,
      "estimate": 68.446,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 228,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1976
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 79.8868,
      "conf_low": 65.1675,
      "estimate": 72.5271,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 171,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1977
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 82.9026,
      "conf_low": 69.0576,
      "estimate": 75.9801,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 237,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.9812,
      "conf_low": 67.7774,
      "estimate": 74.8793,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 218,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.1223,
      "conf_low": 63.5693,
      "estimate": 71.8458,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 151,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.2534,
      "conf_low": 61.5952,
      "estimate": 69.4243,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 189,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1987
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.5867,
      "conf_low": 64.1207,
      "estimate": 72.8537,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 120,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1989
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 85.3783,
      "conf_low": 73.7043,
      "estimate": 79.5413,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 239,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 84.8966,
      "conf_low": 74.6334,
      "estimate": 79.765,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 294,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 89.1705,
      "conf_low": 79.7365,
      "estimate": 84.4535,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 299,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 87.8962,
      "conf_low": 79.1331,
      "estimate": 83.5146,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 353,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 94.3728,
      "conf_low": 82.5576,
      "estimate": 88.4652,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 164,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 82.9719,
      "conf_low": 72.8856,
      "estimate": 77.9288,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 387,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2006
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 90.9096,
      "conf_low": 78.9161,
      "estimate": 84.9129,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 187,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 83.3788,
      "conf_low": 68.8758,
      "estimate": 76.1273,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 209,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2010
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.7944,
      "conf_low": 65.608,
      "estimate": 73.2012,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 214,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.648,
      "conf_low": 62.6555,
      "estimate": 69.1517,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 264,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.8827,
      "conf_low": 62.2628,
      "estimate": 69.0727,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 285,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.6029,
      "conf_low": 66.5879,
      "estimate": 74.0954,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 222,
      "party": "Independents",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.8696,
      "conf_low": 69.0858,
      "estimate": 73.4777,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 445,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1972
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.6526,
      "conf_low": 66.8642,
      "estimate": 71.2584,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 476,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1973
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 78.8501,
      "conf_low": 69.8224,
      "estimate": 74.3362,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 423,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1974
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.1828,
      "conf_low": 66.9473,
      "estimate": 71.5651,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 438,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1975
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.1189,
      "conf_low": 67.5988,
      "estimate": 72.3589,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 409,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1976
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 74.5907,
      "conf_low": 65.269,
      "estimate": 69.9299,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 452,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1977
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 71.9734,
      "conf_low": 61.5443,
      "estimate": 66.7589,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 448,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 73.2113,
      "conf_low": 62.9593,
      "estimate": 68.0853,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 496,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 69.6262,
      "conf_low": 59.0451,
      "estimate": 64.3357,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 513,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.7205,
      "conf_low": 69.0425,
      "estimate": 73.3815,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 604,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1985
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.8183,
      "conf_low": 67.0652,
      "estimate": 71.4417,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 560,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1987
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.6985,
      "conf_low": 65.2589,
      "estimate": 70.4787,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 355,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.0244,
      "conf_low": 71.8542,
      "estimate": 76.4393,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 410,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1989
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 82.4341,
      "conf_low": 73.3257,
      "estimate": 77.8799,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 406,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 83.5027,
      "conf_low": 74.9281,
      "estimate": 79.2154,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 417,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1991
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 83.6677,
      "conf_low": 74.6875,
      "estimate": 79.1776,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 411,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1993
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.7542,
      "conf_low": 69.5364,
      "estimate": 73.1453,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 731,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 80.4796,
      "conf_low": 73.6521,
      "estimate": 77.0658,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 696,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 81.9656,
      "conf_low": 74.6986,
      "estimate": 78.3321,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 618,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.1582,
      "conf_low": 68.3047,
      "estimate": 72.2315,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 609,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 78.347,
      "conf_low": 67.1484,
      "estimate": 72.7477,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 323,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2002
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 79.7477,
      "conf_low": 67.8985,
      "estimate": 73.8231,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 265,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 76.4345,
      "conf_low": 68.2101,
      "estimate": 72.3223,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 622,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2006
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 73.561,
      "conf_low": 63.0166,
      "estimate": 68.2888,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 398,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 67.7769,
      "conf_low": 55.7788,
      "estimate": 61.7779,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 372,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2010
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 65.6584,
      "conf_low": 52.727,
      "estimate": 59.1927,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 333,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 61.5687,
      "conf_low": 51.3229,
      "estimate": 56.4458,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 465,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2014
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 63.3642,
      "conf_low": 53.5496,
      "estimate": 58.4569,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 560,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 66.3232,
      "conf_low": 54.8241,
      "estimate": 60.5736,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 459,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2018
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 62.9463,
      "conf_low": 44.4641,
      "estimate": 53.7052,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 322,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 70.6759,
      "conf_low": 53.5667,
      "estimate": 62.1213,
      "file": "GSS",
      "n": 250,
      "party": "Republicans",
      "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)",
      "year": 2024
    }
  ],
  "id": "permit_by_party",
  "notes": [
    "Shaded band: the GSS move from in-person to web interviews between 2018 and 2021 in the GSS view, and the ANES mode change from 2016 to 2020 in the ANES view. The in-person GSS view keeps respondents interviewed in person and every survey before 2004, so its line breaks in 2021, a survey with no in-person respondents.",
    "The ANES cumulative file asks the question in 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2020. The 2024 point is the same question from the 2024 Time Series, a separate file because the cumulative file does not have the item for 2024; it is weighted with the post-election weight, and the 2020 study had no in-person interviews.",
    "An independent cell is drawn only where it has at least 100 respondents and an effective sample of at least 100."
  ],
  "source": "General Social Survey, 1972-2024, and ANES Cumulative Data File, 2000-2020, with the ANES 2024 Time Series; weighted (weight_use; VCF0009z; V240107b)",
  "spec": {
    "annotations": [
      {
        "label": "GSS mode change",
        "type": "band",
        "x1": 2018,
        "x2": 2021
      }
    ],
    "bandSeries": [
      "Democrats",
      "Republicans"
    ],
    "colors": {
      "Democrats": "dem",
      "Independents": "ind",
      "Republicans": "rep"
    },
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "series": "party",
    "x": "year",
    "xDomain": [
      1971,
      2025
    ],
    "xLabel": "Survey year",
    "y": "estimate",
    "yDomain": [
      0,
      100
    ],
    "yFormat": {
      "digits": 0,
      "suffix": "%"
    },
    "yLabel": "Share favoring (%)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Share favoring a police permit to buy a gun (GSS) or favoring making it more difficult to buy a gun (ANES), by party identification; leaners are in the parties and independents lean toward neither; 95% intervals",
  "table": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "survey",
        "label": "Survey and answer"
      },
      {
        "key": "party",
        "label": "Group"
      },
      {
        "key": "year",
        "label": "Year"
      },
      {
        "key": "file",
        "label": "File"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "estimate",
        "label": "Share (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "conf_low",
        "label": "Lower"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "conf_high",
        "label": "Upper"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "thousands": true
        },
        "key": "n",
        "label": "Respondents"
      }
    ]
  },
  "title": "Support for a police permit to buy a gun rose among Democrats and fell among Republicans",
  "type": "line",
  "views": [
    {
      "filter": {
        "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit"
      },
      "id": "gss",
      "label": "GSS: police permit"
    },
    {
      "caption": "Among respondents interviewed in person the Republican share favoring a permit falls by {fact:gm_fall_r_ftf} points between 1973 to 1980 and 2016 to 2024 and the Democratic share rises by {fact:gm_rise_d_ftf} points. Bands on the party lines are 95% confidence intervals; the line breaks in 2021, a survey with no in-person respondents.",
      "filter": {
        "survey": "GSS: favor a police permit (in person)"
      },
      "id": "gss_ip",
      "label": "GSS: police permit, in person",
      "spec": {
        "annotations": [],
        "breaks": [
          2020
        ]
      },
      "title": "Among in-person respondents support for a police permit rose among Democrats and fell among Republicans"
    },
    {
      "caption": "In the ANES the Republican line falls from {fact:ah_r_2000} in 2000 to {fact:ah_r_2020} in 2020 while the Democratic line rises from {fact:ah_d_2000} to {fact:ah_d_2020}. Bands on the party lines are 95% confidence intervals and the shaded band marks the change in ANES survey mode between 2016 and 2020. The 2024 points come from the 2024 Time Series file.",
      "filter": {
        "survey": "ANES: more difficult to buy a gun"
      },
      "id": "anes",
      "label": "ANES: buying a gun",
      "spec": {
        "annotations": [
          {
            "label": "ANES mode change",
            "type": "band",
            "x1": 2016,
            "x2": 2020
          }
        ],
        "xDomain": [
          1999,
          2025
        ]
      },
      "title": "Support for making gun purchases more difficult rose among Democrats and fell among Republicans"
    }
  ],
  "width": "wide"
}