{
  "alt": "Line chart from 1978 to 2024 of the share of partisans rating the other party at zero. The share rises from {fact:zero_1978} in 1978 to a peak of {fact:zero_2020} in 2020 and is {fact:zero_2024} in 2024. Buttons restrict the sample to face-to-face or web respondents.",
  "caption": "The share at zero rises from {fact:zero_1978} in 1978 to {fact:zero_2024} in 2024, with a peak of {fact:zero_2020} in 2020. The line is a weighted share with a Wilson confidence band, an interval for a share that stays inside its possible range. The buttons restrict the sample to one interview mode.",
  "data": [
    {
      "conf_high": 6.56718,
      "conf_low": 4.42638,
      "estimate": 5.39756,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1723,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1978
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 8.36988,
      "conf_low": 5.62278,
      "estimate": 6.87023,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1310,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 8.81417,
      "conf_low": 5.85796,
      "estimate": 7.19729,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1181,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 9.22933,
      "conf_low": 6.78483,
      "estimate": 7.92132,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1881,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 9.12702,
      "conf_low": 6.64334,
      "estimate": 7.7951,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1796,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 9.54351,
      "conf_low": 6.95083,
      "estimate": 8.15376,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1717,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 8.92121,
      "conf_low": 6.37191,
      "estimate": 7.54831,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1656,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 9.56715,
      "conf_low": 7.19739,
      "estimate": 8.30573,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 2098,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 8.24229,
      "conf_low": 5.48947,
      "estimate": 6.73657,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1567,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 10.4419,
      "conf_low": 7.26363,
      "estimate": 8.7227,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1528,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 11.4981,
      "conf_low": 7.74539,
      "estimate": 9.45634,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1104,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 9.99744,
      "conf_low": 6.90518,
      "estimate": 8.32164,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1525,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 14.6911,
      "conf_low": 10.3308,
      "estimate": 12.3465,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1055,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 16.8205,
      "conf_low": 12.899,
      "estimate": 14.7523,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1979,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 24.3626,
      "conf_low": 21.2505,
      "estimate": 22.7691,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 5079,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 23.8984,
      "conf_low": 20.6377,
      "estimate": 22.2254,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 3610,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 41.5712,
      "conf_low": 38.506,
      "estimate": 40.0288,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 7174,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 35.1229,
      "conf_low": 31.3608,
      "estimate": 33.2151,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 5080,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 16.8205,
      "conf_low": 12.899,
      "estimate": 14.7523,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 1979,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 19.8572,
      "conf_low": 15.0212,
      "estimate": 17.306,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 1798,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 20.1852,
      "conf_low": 14.5064,
      "estimate": 17.1604,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 1029,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 26.284,
      "conf_low": 18.9043,
      "estimate": 22.3784,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 960,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 27.8894,
      "conf_low": 23.9086,
      "estimate": 25.8491,
      "mode": "Web",
      "n": 3281,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 26.1268,
      "conf_low": 22.1992,
      "estimate": 24.1085,
      "mode": "Web",
      "n": 2581,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 41.7602,
      "conf_low": 35.8767,
      "estimate": 38.7776,
      "mode": "Web",
      "n": 1850,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2024
    }
  ],
  "id": "zero_share",
  "notes": [
    "Bands are Wilson intervals on the Kish effective sample size."
  ],
  "source": "ANES Cumulative Data File, 1978-2024; partisans including leaners; weighted (VCF0009z; mode weights VCF0009x and VCF0009y for 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2024)",
  "spec": {
    "colors": {
      "Other party": "highlight"
    },
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "series": "series",
    "x": "year",
    "xDomain": [
      1978,
      2024
    ],
    "xLabel": "Survey year",
    "y": "estimate",
    "yDomain": [
      0,
      50
    ],
    "yFormat": {
      "digits": 1,
      "suffix": "%"
    },
    "yLabel": "Share rating the other party at zero (percent of partisans)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Percent of partisans including leaners who rate the other party at the coldest possible answer of zero, 1978 to 2024",
  "title": "The share of partisans rating the other party at zero rose from {fact:zero_1978} in 1978 to {fact:zero_2024} in 2024",
  "type": "line",
  "views": [
    {
      "filter": {
        "mode": "All interviews"
      },
      "id": "all",
      "label": "All interviews"
    },
    {
      "caption": "Restricted to respondents interviewed face to face, the share rating the other party at zero still rises between 2008 and 2024. The 2020 study has no mode weights, so the lines join 2016 to 2024 across the shaded band.",
      "filter": {
        "mode": "Face-to-face"
      },
      "id": "ftf",
      "label": "Face-to-face only",
      "spec": {
        "annotations": [
          {
            "label": "2020: no mode weights",
            "type": "band",
            "x1": 2019,
            "x2": 2021
          }
        ],
        "xDomain": [
          2006,
          2024
        ]
      },
      "title": "Among face-to-face respondents the share rating the other party at zero rose from {fact:zero_ftf_2008} in 2008 to {fact:zero_ftf_2024} in 2024"
    },
    {
      "caption": "Restricted to web respondents, the share rating the other party at zero is higher than in face-to-face interviews in every year with both. The 2020 study has no mode weights, so the lines join 2016 to 2024 across the shaded band.",
      "filter": {
        "mode": "Web"
      },
      "id": "web",
      "label": "Web only",
      "spec": {
        "annotations": [
          {
            "label": "2020: no mode weights",
            "type": "band",
            "x1": 2019,
            "x2": 2021
          }
        ],
        "xDomain": [
          2006,
          2024
        ]
      },
      "title": "Among web respondents the share rating the other party at zero was {fact:zero_web_2024} in 2024, against {fact:zero_ftf_2024} among face-to-face respondents"
    }
  ]
}