{
  "alt": "Line chart from 1978 to 2024 with two lines and a shaded gap between them. The own-party line starts at {fact:own_1978} and ends at {fact:own_2024}, and its yearly values run from {fact:own_2016} in 2016 to {fact:own_1988} in 1988. The other-party line falls from {fact:oth_1978} to {fact:oth_2024}, and most of the fall comes after 1990. Buttons restrict the sample to face-to-face or web respondents.",
  "caption": "The other-party line falls across the record, and the own-party line moves within a narrower range, so the shaded gap widens mostly because the other-party line falls. Each line is the weighted mean rating among Democrats and Republicans, leaners included, with a confidence band.",
  "data": [
    {
      "conf_high": 48.8697,
      "conf_low": 47.121,
      "estimate": 47.9954,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1723,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1978
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 47.7184,
      "conf_low": 45.4297,
      "estimate": 46.574,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1310,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 45.4288,
      "conf_low": 43.1199,
      "estimate": 44.2743,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1181,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 46.8641,
      "conf_low": 44.9211,
      "estimate": 45.8926,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1881,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 47.2493,
      "conf_low": 45.2507,
      "estimate": 46.25,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1796,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 46.5978,
      "conf_low": 44.5216,
      "estimate": 45.5597,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1717,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 47.8253,
      "conf_low": 45.7351,
      "estimate": 46.7802,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1656,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 42.7384,
      "conf_low": 40.9516,
      "estimate": 41.845,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 2098,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 43.6274,
      "conf_low": 41.3998,
      "estimate": 42.5136,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1567,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 42.3468,
      "conf_low": 39.9877,
      "estimate": 41.1672,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1528,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 42.3367,
      "conf_low": 39.5852,
      "estimate": 40.9609,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1104,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 42.7754,
      "conf_low": 40.4322,
      "estimate": 41.6038,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1525,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 41.0496,
      "conf_low": 38.0834,
      "estimate": 39.5665,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1055,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 35.885,
      "conf_low": 33.504,
      "estimate": 34.6945,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1979,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 28.6515,
      "conf_low": 27.0669,
      "estimate": 27.8592,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 5079,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 26.896,
      "conf_low": 25.1747,
      "estimate": 26.0354,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 3610,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 19.9066,
      "conf_low": 18.5789,
      "estimate": 19.2427,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 7174,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 21.4558,
      "conf_low": 19.804,
      "estimate": 20.6299,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 5080,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 71.8374,
      "conf_low": 70.1858,
      "estimate": 71.0116,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1723,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1978
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 73.4589,
      "conf_low": 71.4831,
      "estimate": 72.471,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1310,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1980
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.2301,
      "conf_low": 73.3118,
      "estimate": 74.271,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1181,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1982
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.613,
      "conf_low": 74.017,
      "estimate": 74.815,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1881,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 75.2731,
      "conf_low": 73.6557,
      "estimate": 74.4644,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1796,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 77.1183,
      "conf_low": 75.4164,
      "estimate": 76.2673,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1717,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 72.0696,
      "conf_low": 70.3024,
      "estimate": 71.186,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1656,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 70.7545,
      "conf_low": 69.1957,
      "estimate": 69.9751,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 2098,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 71.1202,
      "conf_low": 69.2531,
      "estimate": 70.1866,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1567,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 72.7645,
      "conf_low": 70.7793,
      "estimate": 71.7719,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1528,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 71.6256,
      "conf_low": 69.2244,
      "estimate": 70.425,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1104,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 73.6194,
      "conf_low": 71.585,
      "estimate": 72.6022,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1525,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 74.8032,
      "conf_low": 72.4954,
      "estimate": 73.6493,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1055,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 71.7291,
      "conf_low": 69.6893,
      "estimate": 70.7092,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 1979,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 70.5025,
      "conf_low": 69.0533,
      "estimate": 69.7779,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 5079,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 67.9843,
      "conf_low": 66.2743,
      "estimate": 67.1293,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 3610,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 72.1693,
      "conf_low": 70.8862,
      "estimate": 71.5277,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 7174,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 71.3448,
      "conf_low": 69.6986,
      "estimate": 70.5217,
      "mode": "All interviews",
      "n": 5080,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 35.885,
      "conf_low": 33.504,
      "estimate": 34.6945,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 1979,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 34.1648,
      "conf_low": 31.4532,
      "estimate": 32.809,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 1798,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 32.2166,
      "conf_low": 29.0097,
      "estimate": 30.6131,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 1029,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 27.3504,
      "conf_low": 23.6803,
      "estimate": 25.5154,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 960,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 71.7291,
      "conf_low": 69.6893,
      "estimate": 70.7092,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 1979,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 71.0606,
      "conf_low": 68.6177,
      "estimate": 69.8392,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 1798,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 66.5256,
      "conf_low": 63.3518,
      "estimate": 64.9387,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 1029,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 70.3163,
      "conf_low": 66.9365,
      "estimate": 68.6264,
      "mode": "Face-to-face",
      "n": 960,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 26.0204,
      "conf_low": 24.1167,
      "estimate": 25.0686,
      "mode": "Web",
      "n": 3281,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 25.3407,
      "conf_low": 23.3246,
      "estimate": 24.3326,
      "mode": "Web",
      "n": 2581,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 19.1882,
      "conf_low": 16.729,
      "estimate": 17.9586,
      "mode": "Web",
      "n": 1850,
      "series": "Other party",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 70.6423,
      "conf_low": 68.8445,
      "estimate": 69.7434,
      "mode": "Web",
      "n": 3281,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 68.9625,
      "conf_low": 66.9402,
      "estimate": 67.9514,
      "mode": "Web",
      "n": 2581,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 72.7179,
      "conf_low": 70.1765,
      "estimate": 71.4472,
      "mode": "Web",
      "n": 1850,
      "series": "Own party",
      "year": 2024
    }
  ],
  "id": "warmth_trend",
  "notes": [
    "Bands are confidence intervals from the Kish effective sample size; they treat the weighted sample as a simple random sample and ignore clustering."
  ],
  "source": "ANES Cumulative Data File, 1978-2024; partisans including leaners; weighted (VCF0009z; mode weights VCF0009x and VCF0009y for 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2024)",
  "spec": {
    "annotations": [
      {
        "label": "Neutral midpoint",
        "type": "y-rule",
        "y": 50
      }
    ],
    "colors": {
      "Other party": "highlight",
      "Own party": "accent"
    },
    "gap": {
      "between": [
        "Own party",
        "Other party"
      ],
      "label": "Gap"
    },
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "series": "series",
    "x": "year",
    "xDomain": [
      1978,
      2024
    ],
    "xLabel": "Survey year",
    "y": "estimate",
    "yDomain": [
      0,
      100
    ],
    "yFormat": {
      "digits": 1
    },
    "yLabel": "Mean rating (0 to 100)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Mean feeling thermometer rating of the respondent's own party and of the other party, partisans including leaners, 1978 to 2024, 0 to 100",
  "title": "Partisans rated the other party {fact:oth_2024} in 2024, down from {fact:oth_1978} in 1978, and rated their own party {fact:own_2024}",
  "type": "line",
  "views": [
    {
      "filter": {
        "mode": "All interviews"
      },
      "id": "all",
      "label": "All interviews"
    },
    {
      "caption": "Restricted to respondents interviewed face to face (weight_ftf), the other-party rating still falls from 2008 to 2024, by less than in all interviews, and the own-party rating changes by {fact:own_ftf_change_0824} points over the same years. The 2020 study has no mode weights, so the lines join 2016 to 2024 across the shaded band.",
      "filter": {
        "mode": "Face-to-face"
      },
      "id": "ftf",
      "label": "Face-to-face only",
      "spec": {
        "annotations": [
          {
            "label": "Neutral midpoint",
            "type": "y-rule",
            "y": 50
          },
          {
            "label": "2020: no mode weights",
            "type": "band",
            "x1": 2019,
            "x2": 2021
          }
        ],
        "xDomain": [
          2006,
          2024
        ]
      },
      "title": "Among face-to-face respondents the other-party rating fell from {fact:oth_ftf_2008} in 2008 to {fact:oth_ftf_2024} in 2024"
    },
    {
      "caption": "Restricted to the web samples of 2012, 2016 and 2024 (weight_web), the other-party rating is lower than in face-to-face interviews in every year and falls between 2012 and 2024. The 2020 study has no mode weights, so the lines join 2016 to 2024 across the shaded band.",
      "filter": {
        "mode": "Web"
      },
      "id": "web",
      "label": "Web only",
      "spec": {
        "annotations": [
          {
            "label": "Neutral midpoint",
            "type": "y-rule",
            "y": 50
          },
          {
            "label": "2020: no mode weights",
            "type": "band",
            "x1": 2019,
            "x2": 2021
          }
        ],
        "xDomain": [
          2006,
          2024
        ]
      },
      "title": "Among web respondents the other-party rating fell from {fact:oth_web_2012} in 2012 to {fact:oth_web_2024} in 2024"
    }
  ]
}