{
  "alt": "Heat map of 2024 adults by economic index in columns and cultural index in rows. Shading is deepest in the top-right and bottom-left corner cells, where adults are far right or far left on both indices, with {fact:cell_right_2024} and {fact:cell_left_2024}. The top-left corner, where an adult is far left on the economic index and far right on the cultural index, is light at {fact:cell_offdiag_2024}. The bottom-right corner, far right on the economic index and far left on the cultural index, has no estimate because it has too few respondents.",
  "caption": "Two corners are dark, adults far left on both indices at the bottom left and far right on both at the top right, and the corner for economic left and cultural right at the top left is light. Each cell is the share of 2024 adults, and the second view shows each share minus the share for two bell-shaped indices with the observed correlation.",
  "data": [
    {
      "conf_high": 9.45951,
      "conf_low": 7.08692,
      "cultural": "below −1",
      "diff": 1.80657,
      "diff_high": 3.07073,
      "diff_low": 0.698134,
      "economic": "below −1",
      "n": 353,
      "reference": 6.38878,
      "share": 8.19536
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 6.50139,
      "conf_low": 4.53738,
      "cultural": "below −1",
      "diff": 1.91574,
      "diff_high": 2.98074,
      "diff_low": 1.01673,
      "economic": "−1 to −0.5",
      "n": 244,
      "reference": 3.52065,
      "share": 5.43639
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 4.46048,
      "conf_low": 2.84999,
      "cultural": "below −1",
      "diff": 0.602335,
      "diff_high": 1.49405,
      "diff_low": -0.116432,
      "economic": "−0.5 to 0",
      "n": 148,
      "reference": 2.96642,
      "share": 3.56876
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 2.55366,
      "conf_low": 1.37011,
      "cultural": "below −1",
      "diff": 0.0455674,
      "diff_high": 0.726978,
      "diff_low": -0.456574,
      "economic": "0 to 0.5",
      "n": 106,
      "reference": 1.82668,
      "share": 1.87225
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 3.54805,
      "conf_low": 2.12588,
      "cultural": "−1 to −0.5",
      "diff": -0.771685,
      "diff_high": 0.0274035,
      "diff_low": -1.39477,
      "economic": "below −1",
      "n": 102,
      "reference": 3.52065,
      "share": 2.74897
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 3.06489,
      "conf_low": 1.75339,
      "cultural": "−1 to −0.5",
      "diff": -0.807474,
      "diff_high": -0.0629269,
      "diff_low": -1.37442,
      "economic": "−1 to −0.5",
      "n": 112,
      "reference": 3.12782,
      "share": 2.32034
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 2.7995,
      "conf_low": 1.55286,
      "cultural": "−1 to −0.5",
      "diff": -1.3019,
      "diff_high": -0.589345,
      "diff_low": -1.83599,
      "economic": "−0.5 to 0",
      "n": 91,
      "reference": 3.38885,
      "share": 2.08695
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 3.22552,
      "conf_low": 1.87624,
      "cultural": "−1 to −0.5",
      "diff": -0.182315,
      "diff_high": 0.580862,
      "diff_low": -0.76842,
      "economic": "0 to 0.5",
      "n": 121,
      "reference": 2.64466,
      "share": 2.46234
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 1.34236,
      "conf_low": 0.531251,
      "cultural": "−1 to −0.5",
      "diff": -0.641193,
      "diff_high": -0.144093,
      "diff_low": -0.955199,
      "economic": "0.5 to 1",
      "n": 35,
      "reference": 1.48645,
      "share": 0.845257
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 1.15976,
      "conf_low": 0.418443,
      "cultural": "−1 to −0.5",
      "diff": -0.122522,
      "diff_high": 0.339961,
      "diff_low": -0.40136,
      "economic": "above 1",
      "n": 31,
      "reference": 0.819803,
      "share": 0.697281
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 3.86436,
      "conf_low": 2.37415,
      "cultural": "−0.5 to 0",
      "diff": 0.0653538,
      "diff_high": 0.897933,
      "diff_low": -0.592275,
      "economic": "below −1",
      "n": 127,
      "reference": 2.96642,
      "share": 3.03178
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 3.20381,
      "conf_low": 1.85958,
      "cultural": "−0.5 to 0",
      "diff": -0.945726,
      "diff_high": -0.185037,
      "diff_low": -1.52927,
      "economic": "−1 to −0.5",
      "n": 105,
      "reference": 3.38885,
      "share": 2.44312
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 4.23784,
      "conf_low": 2.67116,
      "cultural": "−0.5 to 0",
      "diff": -0.963946,
      "diff_high": -0.0937563,
      "diff_low": -1.66044,
      "economic": "−0.5 to 0",
      "n": 150,
      "reference": 4.3316,
      "share": 3.36765
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 4.30831,
      "conf_low": 2.72763,
      "cultural": "−0.5 to 0",
      "diff": -0.556792,
      "diff_high": 0.32028,
      "diff_low": -1.2604,
      "economic": "0 to 0.5",
      "n": 155,
      "reference": 3.98803,
      "share": 3.43124
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 2.41745,
      "conf_low": 1.27025,
      "cultural": "−0.5 to 0",
      "diff": -0.890662,
      "diff_high": -0.22721,
      "diff_low": -1.3744,
      "economic": "0.5 to 1",
      "n": 71,
      "reference": 2.64466,
      "share": 1.754
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 2.50757,
      "conf_low": 1.3362,
      "cultural": "−0.5 to 0",
      "diff": 0.00549613,
      "diff_high": 0.680889,
      "diff_low": -0.490479,
      "economic": "above 1",
      "n": 78,
      "reference": 1.82668,
      "share": 1.83218
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 2.9137,
      "conf_low": 1.63876,
      "cultural": "0 to 0.5",
      "diff": 0.3605,
      "diff_high": 1.08702,
      "diff_low": -0.187921,
      "economic": "below −1",
      "n": 96,
      "reference": 1.82668,
      "share": 2.18718
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 3.83429,
      "conf_low": 2.35042,
      "cultural": "0 to 0.5",
      "diff": 0.360172,
      "diff_high": 1.18964,
      "diff_low": -0.294241,
      "economic": "−1 to −0.5",
      "n": 118,
      "reference": 2.64466,
      "share": 3.00483
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 4.1315,
      "conf_low": 2.5862,
      "cultural": "0 to 0.5",
      "diff": -0.716207,
      "diff_high": 0.143473,
      "diff_low": -1.40183,
      "economic": "−0.5 to 0",
      "n": 141,
      "reference": 3.98803,
      "share": 3.27182
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 5.79169,
      "conf_low": 3.94211,
      "cultural": "0 to 0.5",
      "diff": 0.451088,
      "diff_high": 1.46009,
      "diff_low": -0.389485,
      "economic": "0 to 0.5",
      "n": 205,
      "reference": 4.3316,
      "share": 4.78269
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 5.02588,
      "conf_low": 3.30943,
      "cultural": "0 to 0.5",
      "diff": 0.69329,
      "diff_high": 1.63703,
      "diff_low": -0.0794149,
      "economic": "0.5 to 1",
      "n": 158,
      "reference": 3.38885,
      "share": 4.08214
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 4.9574,
      "conf_low": 3.25341,
      "cultural": "0 to 0.5",
      "diff": 1.05334,
      "diff_high": 1.99097,
      "diff_low": 0.286985,
      "economic": "above 1",
      "n": 200,
      "reference": 2.96642,
      "share": 4.01977
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 1.37733,
      "conf_low": 0.553425,
      "cultural": "0.5 to 1",
      "diff": 0.0540785,
      "diff_high": 0.557522,
      "diff_low": -0.266378,
      "economic": "below −1",
      "n": 37,
      "reference": 0.819803,
      "share": 0.873881
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 1.81311,
      "conf_low": 0.842055,
      "cultural": "0.5 to 1",
      "diff": -0.249686,
      "diff_high": 0.32666,
      "diff_low": -0.644396,
      "economic": "−1 to −0.5",
      "n": 49,
      "reference": 1.48645,
      "share": 1.23676
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 2.36428,
      "conf_low": 1.23158,
      "cultural": "0.5 to 1",
      "diff": -0.936669,
      "diff_high": -0.280375,
      "diff_low": -1.41308,
      "economic": "−0.5 to 0",
      "n": 64,
      "reference": 2.64466,
      "share": 1.70799
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 4.11277,
      "conf_low": 2.57126,
      "cultural": "0.5 to 1",
      "diff": -0.133894,
      "diff_high": 0.723918,
      "diff_low": -0.817587,
      "economic": "0 to 0.5",
      "n": 114,
      "reference": 3.38885,
      "share": 3.25496
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 2.74853,
      "conf_low": 1.51472,
      "cultural": "0.5 to 1",
      "diff": -1.08551,
      "diff_high": -0.379286,
      "diff_low": -1.6131,
      "economic": "0.5 to 1",
      "n": 93,
      "reference": 3.12782,
      "share": 2.0423
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 4.93464,
      "conf_low": 3.23482,
      "cultural": "0.5 to 1",
      "diff": 0.478406,
      "diff_high": 1.41399,
      "diff_low": -0.285833,
      "economic": "above 1",
      "n": 213,
      "reference": 3.52065,
      "share": 3.99906
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 2.00591,
      "conf_low": 0.975694,
      "cultural": "above 1",
      "diff": 1.05711,
      "diff_high": 1.66273,
      "diff_low": 0.632516,
      "economic": "below −1",
      "n": 47,
      "reference": 0.343178,
      "share": 1.40029
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 1.54944,
      "conf_low": 0.66488,
      "cultural": "above 1",
      "diff": 0.196126,
      "diff_high": 0.729634,
      "diff_low": -0.154923,
      "economic": "−1 to −0.5",
      "n": 39,
      "reference": 0.819803,
      "share": 1.01593
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 2.62357,
      "conf_low": 1.42176,
      "cultural": "above 1",
      "diff": 0.106458,
      "diff_high": 0.796884,
      "diff_low": -0.404927,
      "economic": "−0.5 to 0",
      "n": 70,
      "reference": 1.82668,
      "share": 1.93314
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 3.24214,
      "conf_low": 1.88901,
      "cultural": "above 1",
      "diff": -0.48936,
      "diff_high": 0.275714,
      "diff_low": -1.07742,
      "economic": "0 to 0.5",
      "n": 116,
      "reference": 2.96642,
      "share": 2.47707
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 4.49292,
      "conf_low": 2.87616,
      "cultural": "above 1",
      "diff": 0.0774683,
      "diff_high": 0.97227,
      "diff_low": -0.644493,
      "economic": "0.5 to 1",
      "n": 144,
      "reference": 3.52065,
      "share": 3.59812
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 9.75058,
      "conf_low": 7.3425,
      "cultural": "above 1",
      "diff": 2.08041,
      "diff_high": 3.3618,
      "diff_low": 0.953711,
      "economic": "above 1",
      "n": 416,
      "reference": 6.38878,
      "share": 8.46919
    }
  ],
  "id": "joint_2024",
  "notes": [
    "Columns run from the most liberal economic bin on the left to the most conservative on the right, and rows from the most conservative cultural bin at the top to the most liberal at the bottom. The middle cut of each axis is the median. The outer bins are open-ended and collect every adult beyond {fact:outer_sd} standard deviations, so they are larger than the interior bins, which are {fact:band_sd} standard deviations wide. The normal reference uses the same bins.",
    "Cells with fewer than {fact:min_cell} respondents are left blank: {fact:n_cells_blank} cells, holding {fact:blank_share} of adults. Both are in the bottom-right corner region, where the cultural index is far left and the economic index is right of the median.",
    "Bins are measured from the 2024 weighted median of each index, in units of that index's 2024 standard deviation."
  ],
  "source": "ANES Cumulative Data File, 2024; weighted (VCF0009z); intervals are model based",
  "spec": {
    "col": "economic",
    "colOrder": [
      "below −1",
      "−1 to −0.5",
      "−0.5 to 0",
      "0 to 0.5",
      "0.5 to 1",
      "above 1"
    ],
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "row": "cultural",
    "rowOrder": [
      "above 1",
      "0.5 to 1",
      "0 to 0.5",
      "−0.5 to 0",
      "−1 to −0.5",
      "below −1"
    ],
    "scale": {
      "domain": [
        0,
        9
      ],
      "type": "sequential"
    },
    "showValues": true,
    "value": "share",
    "valueFormat": {
      "digits": 1,
      "suffix": "%"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": "Share of adults in each cell (columns: economic index; rows: cultural index), in standard deviations from each index's 2024 median, ANES 2024; 95% intervals",
  "table": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "cultural",
        "label": "Cultural index (SD from median)"
      },
      {
        "key": "economic",
        "label": "Economic index (SD from median)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "share",
        "label": "Share of adults (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "conf_low",
        "label": "Interval low"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "conf_high",
        "label": "Interval high"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1
        },
        "key": "reference",
        "label": "Normal reference (%)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 1,
          "signed": true
        },
        "key": "diff",
        "label": "Observed minus reference (points)"
      },
      {
        "format": {
          "digits": 0,
          "thousands": true
        },
        "key": "n",
        "label": "Respondents"
      }
    ]
  },
  "title": "In 2024 the two corner cells with both indices far left or far right hold more adults than the correlation implies",
  "type": "heatmap",
  "views": [
    {
      "id": "share",
      "label": "Share of adults, percent"
    },
    {
      "caption": "Each cell is the observed share minus the share for two bell-shaped indices with the observed correlation, in percentage points. The two corner cells with both indices far left or far right are {fact:diff_left_2024} and {fact:diff_right_2024} points above the reference, and the corner for economic left and cultural right is {fact:diff_offdiag_2024} points above it.",
      "id": "diff",
      "label": "Observed minus normal reference, percentage points",
      "spec": {
        "hi": "diff_high",
        "lo": "diff_low",
        "scale": {
          "domain": [
            -2.5,
            0,
            2.5
          ],
          "palette": "neutral",
          "type": "diverging"
        },
        "value": "diff",
        "valueFormat": {
          "digits": 1,
          "signed": true
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "width": "wide"
}