{
  "alt": "Line chart of three shares by ANES study from 1984 to 2024. The share of adults on opposite sides of the two medians falls from {fact:xp_1984} to {fact:xp_2024}, and the dashed line for the share implied by the correlation stays within {fact:implied_gap_max} points of it. The share strongly cross-pressured, at least {fact:band_sd} standard deviations from each median, is lower and falls from {fact:strong_1984} to {fact:strong_2024}.",
  "caption": "The share of adults on opposite sides of the medians falls from {fact:xp_1984} in 1984 to {fact:xp_2024} in 2024 and stays within {fact:implied_gap_max} points of the dashed line, the {fact:implied_1984} in 1984 and {fact:implied_2024} in 2024 that the correlation implies for two bell-shaped indices. From 2008 the observed share is {fact:implied_below_min} to {fact:implied_below_max} points below the implied share. The lower line counts only adults at least {fact:band_sd} standard deviations from each median, {fact:strong_1984} in 1984 and {fact:strong_2024} in 2024.",
  "data": [
    {
      "conf_high": 48.6199,
      "conf_low": 43.8156,
      "estimate": 46.2177,
      "n": 1508,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 50.1883,
      "conf_low": 44.1429,
      "estimate": 47.1656,
      "n": 914,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 49.4838,
      "conf_low": 44.5438,
      "estimate": 47.0138,
      "n": 1551,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 54.0746,
      "conf_low": 47.2209,
      "estimate": 50.6478,
      "n": 729,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 46.1856,
      "conf_low": 41.8411,
      "estimate": 44.0134,
      "n": 2005,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 45.5768,
      "conf_low": 40.356,
      "estimate": 42.9664,
      "n": 1659,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 45.8538,
      "conf_low": 40.1075,
      "estimate": 42.9807,
      "n": 1413,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 51.2458,
      "conf_low": 44.8021,
      "estimate": 48.024,
      "n": 1055,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 51.5954,
      "conf_low": 43.9955,
      "estimate": 47.7955,
      "n": 811,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 48.1701,
      "conf_low": 41.4697,
      "estimate": 44.8199,
      "n": 1006,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 44.4257,
      "conf_low": 36.7512,
      "estimate": 40.5884,
      "n": 954,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 38.802,
      "conf_low": 35.349,
      "estimate": 37.0755,
      "n": 5203,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 36.7598,
      "conf_low": 32.925,
      "estimate": 34.8424,
      "n": 3325,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 30.835,
      "conf_low": 27.9499,
      "estimate": 29.3924,
      "n": 6737,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 31.9229,
      "conf_low": 27.9985,
      "estimate": 29.9607,
      "n": 4387,
      "series": "Opposite sides of the medians",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 20.1166,
      "conf_low": 16.223,
      "estimate": 18.1698,
      "n": 1508,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 19.7394,
      "conf_low": 14.8339,
      "estimate": 17.2867,
      "n": 914,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 19.7662,
      "conf_low": 15.9527,
      "estimate": 17.8594,
      "n": 1551,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 22.2107,
      "conf_low": 16.4724,
      "estimate": 19.3416,
      "n": 729,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 18.4049,
      "conf_low": 15.1267,
      "estimate": 16.7658,
      "n": 2005,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 16.0864,
      "conf_low": 12.3693,
      "estimate": 14.2278,
      "n": 1659,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 15.9595,
      "conf_low": 11.9347,
      "estimate": 13.9471,
      "n": 1413,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 16.7352,
      "conf_low": 12.1209,
      "estimate": 14.4281,
      "n": 1055,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 19.2973,
      "conf_low": 13.6004,
      "estimate": 16.4489,
      "n": 811,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 19.1066,
      "conf_low": 14.0561,
      "estimate": 16.5813,
      "n": 1006,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 17.0199,
      "conf_low": 11.5112,
      "estimate": 14.2656,
      "n": 954,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 13.0987,
      "conf_low": 10.7318,
      "estimate": 11.9152,
      "n": 5203,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 11.0912,
      "conf_low": 8.65087,
      "estimate": 9.87106,
      "n": 3325,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 7.35004,
      "conf_low": 5.7543,
      "estimate": 6.55217,
      "n": 6737,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "conf_high": 7.69255,
      "conf_low": 5.54428,
      "estimate": 6.61842,
      "n": 4387,
      "series": "Strongly cross-pressured",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 46.7508,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 1984
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 47.7937,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 1986
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 46.9862,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 1988
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 48.9618,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 1990
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 45.0178,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 1992
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 43.6635,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 1994
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 43.8339,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 1996
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 44.8325,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 1998
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 46.2626,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 2000
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 44.254,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 2004
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 42.6908,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 2008
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 39.4663,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 2012
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 37.2129,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 32.7148,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "conf_high": null,
      "conf_low": null,
      "estimate": 32.7999,
      "n": null,
      "series": "Implied by the correlation",
      "year": 2024
    }
  ],
  "id": "cross_pressure",
  "notes": [
    "Each index is split at its weighted median within the study, so each index divides adults into two equal groups. The implied share is the value for two normally distributed (bell-shaped) indices with the observed correlation. It has no interval because it is a function of the correlation.",
    "Strongly cross-pressured means at least {fact:band_sd} standard deviations right of the median on one index and at least that far left of it on the other, in standard deviations of the index within the study. A band of {fact:band_narrow_sd} gives {fact:strong_narrow_1984} in 1984 and {fact:strong_narrow_2024} in 2024, and a band of {fact:band_wide_sd} gives {fact:strong_wide_1984} and {fact:strong_wide_2024}."
  ],
  "source": "ANES Cumulative Data File, 1984 to 2024; weighted (VCF0009z); intervals are model based",
  "spec": {
    "colors": {
      "Implied by the correlation": "muted",
      "Opposite sides of the medians": "cat1",
      "Strongly cross-pressured": "cat2"
    },
    "dashed": [
      "Implied by the correlation"
    ],
    "endLabels": false,
    "hi": "conf_high",
    "lo": "conf_low",
    "n": "n",
    "series": "series",
    "x": "year",
    "xDomain": [
      1982,
      2026
    ],
    "xLabel": "ANES study year",
    "y": "estimate",
    "yDomain": [
      0,
      60
    ],
    "yFormat": {
      "digits": 0
    },
    "yLabel": "Share of adults (%)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Weighted share of adults by ANES study, 1984 to 2024; 95% intervals",
  "title": "The share of adults on opposite sides of the medians fell from {fact:xp_1984} to {fact:xp_2024} and stays within {fact:implied_gap_max} points of the share the correlation implies",
  "type": "line",
  "width": "wide"
}