{
  "alt": "A scatter of country alignment scores against the Human Development Index, rising from left to right. Countries with low human development cluster near zero and countries with the highest human development reach the largest positive scores. A second view plots WVS scores against ESS scores for countries in both, with points rising from lower left to upper right.",
  "caption": "Countries to the right have higher human development and, on average, a higher alignment score, and the correlation across countries is {fact:wvs_hdi_r}. Each dot is a country, colored by world region, and the line is the least-squares fit across countries with a 95% band. It describes a pattern across countries and does not show that development changes how values relate to left-right. Switch the view to compare the WVS score with the ESS score.",
  "data": [
    {
      "alignment": -0.0190872,
      "country": "Bulgaria",
      "ess_alignment": -0.061988,
      "n": 634,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0174132,
      "country": "Cyprus",
      "ess_alignment": 0.0108565,
      "n": 1846,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0261092,
      "country": "Estonia",
      "ess_alignment": -0.0264088,
      "n": 1230,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0431579,
      "country": "Finland",
      "ess_alignment": 0.0825466,
      "n": 887,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0518611,
      "country": "France",
      "ess_alignment": 0.105593,
      "n": 905,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0652067,
      "country": "Germany",
      "ess_alignment": 0.0927325,
      "n": 3523,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.00610644,
      "country": "Hungary",
      "ess_alignment": 0.0095437,
      "n": 856,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.108779,
      "country": "Netherlands",
      "ess_alignment": 0.105123,
      "n": 2470,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0787702,
      "country": "Norway",
      "ess_alignment": 0.0704426,
      "n": 991,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.057144,
      "country": "Poland",
      "ess_alignment": 0.0470539,
      "n": 1428,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0223328,
      "country": "Romania",
      "ess_alignment": -0.00958806,
      "n": 1822,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0090211,
      "country": "Russia",
      "ess_alignment": -0.00431624,
      "n": 903,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.023459,
      "country": "Serbia",
      "ess_alignment": 0.00553015,
      "n": 815,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0533883,
      "country": "Slovenia",
      "ess_alignment": 0.0615149,
      "n": 1304,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0716822,
      "country": "Spain",
      "ess_alignment": 0.109477,
      "n": 2013,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0826089,
      "country": "Sweden",
      "ess_alignment": 0.0587195,
      "n": 2053,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.109152,
      "country": "Switzerland",
      "ess_alignment": 0.131727,
      "n": 1083,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.053083,
      "country": "Turkey",
      "ess_alignment": 0.0714639,
      "n": 2491,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.015835,
      "country": "Ukraine",
      "ess_alignment": 0.00690547,
      "n": 2026,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0666074,
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "ess_alignment": 0.0826032,
      "n": 857,
      "panel": "ess",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0315652,
      "country": "Algeria",
      "hdi": 0.754,
      "n": 496,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Middle East & North Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.103401,
      "country": "Andorra",
      "hdi": 0.858,
      "n": 906,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.092229,
      "country": "Argentina",
      "hdi": 0.825,
      "n": 1438,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Latin America & Caribbean"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.00961936,
      "country": "Armenia",
      "hdi": 0.755,
      "n": 629,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0818893,
      "country": "Australia",
      "hdi": 0.939,
      "n": 2683,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "East Asia & Pacific"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.00938271,
      "country": "Azerbaijan",
      "hdi": 0.757,
      "n": 1001,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0192908,
      "country": "Belarus",
      "hdi": 0.808,
      "n": 1454,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0313482,
      "country": "Brazil",
      "hdi": 0.759,
      "n": 2517,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Latin America & Caribbean"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0190872,
      "country": "Bulgaria",
      "hdi": 0.813,
      "n": 634,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0242907,
      "country": "Burkina Faso",
      "hdi": 0.423,
      "n": 958,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Sub-Saharan Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0948955,
      "country": "Canada",
      "hdi": 0.926,
      "n": 1585,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "North America"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0322024,
      "country": "Chile",
      "hdi": 0.843,
      "n": 1319,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Latin America & Caribbean"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0372984,
      "country": "Colombia",
      "hdi": 0.747,
      "n": 1238,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Latin America & Caribbean"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0174132,
      "country": "Cyprus",
      "hdi": 0.869,
      "n": 1846,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0137678,
      "country": "Ecuador",
      "hdi": 0.752,
      "n": 1140,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Latin America & Caribbean"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0406587,
      "country": "Egypt",
      "hdi": 0.696,
      "n": 4209,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Middle East & North Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0261092,
      "country": "Estonia",
      "hdi": 0.871,
      "n": 1230,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0202868,
      "country": "Ethiopia",
      "hdi": 0.463,
      "n": 1249,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Sub-Saharan Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0431579,
      "country": "Finland",
      "hdi": 0.92,
      "n": 887,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0518611,
      "country": "France",
      "hdi": 0.901,
      "n": 905,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0200638,
      "country": "Georgia",
      "hdi": 0.78,
      "n": 1594,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0652067,
      "country": "Germany",
      "hdi": 0.936,
      "n": 3523,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.00118792,
      "country": "Ghana",
      "hdi": 0.592,
      "n": 2299,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Sub-Saharan Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.00859822,
      "country": "Haiti",
      "hdi": 0.498,
      "n": 1932,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Latin America & Caribbean"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.00892753,
      "country": "Hong Kong SAR",
      "hdi": 0.933,
      "n": 964,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "East Asia & Pacific"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.00610644,
      "country": "Hungary",
      "hdi": 0.838,
      "n": 856,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0106074,
      "country": "India",
      "hdi": 0.64,
      "n": 3515,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "South Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0145838,
      "country": "Indonesia",
      "hdi": 0.694,
      "n": 1339,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "East Asia & Pacific"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0100664,
      "country": "Iraq",
      "hdi": 0.685,
      "n": 936,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Middle East & North Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0660619,
      "country": "Japan",
      "hdi": 0.909,
      "n": 2237,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "East Asia & Pacific"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.00443959,
      "country": "Kazakhstan",
      "hdi": 0.8,
      "n": 1500,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.00975025,
      "country": "Kyrgyzstan",
      "hdi": 0.672,
      "n": 1435,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.00820463,
      "country": "Lebanon",
      "hdi": 0.757,
      "n": 750,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Middle East & North Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0014621,
      "country": "Libya",
      "hdi": 0.706,
      "n": 1319,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Middle East & North Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0504919,
      "country": "Malaysia",
      "hdi": 0.802,
      "n": 1300,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "East Asia & Pacific"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0290874,
      "country": "Mali",
      "hdi": 0.427,
      "n": 977,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Sub-Saharan Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0219455,
      "country": "Mexico",
      "hdi": 0.774,
      "n": 3127,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Latin America & Caribbean"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0453098,
      "country": "Moldova",
      "hdi": 0.7,
      "n": 786,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.00200598,
      "country": "Morocco",
      "hdi": 0.667,
      "n": 685,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Middle East & North Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.108779,
      "country": "Netherlands",
      "hdi": 0.931,
      "n": 2470,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.109652,
      "country": "New Zealand",
      "hdi": 0.917,
      "n": 583,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "East Asia & Pacific"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0306524,
      "country": "Nigeria",
      "hdi": 0.532,
      "n": 1759,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Sub-Saharan Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0787702,
      "country": "Norway",
      "hdi": 0.953,
      "n": 991,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0207676,
      "country": "Pakistan",
      "hdi": 0.562,
      "n": 1129,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "South Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.00925672,
      "country": "Palestine",
      "hdi": 0.686,
      "n": 705,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Middle East & North Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.00103599,
      "country": "Peru",
      "hdi": 0.75,
      "n": 2022,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Latin America & Caribbean"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.000485586,
      "country": "Philippines",
      "hdi": 0.699,
      "n": 1186,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "East Asia & Pacific"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.057144,
      "country": "Poland",
      "hdi": 0.865,
      "n": 1428,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0223328,
      "country": "Romania",
      "hdi": 0.811,
      "n": 1822,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0090211,
      "country": "Russia",
      "hdi": 0.816,
      "n": 903,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0124843,
      "country": "Rwanda",
      "hdi": 0.524,
      "n": 2456,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Sub-Saharan Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.023459,
      "country": "Serbia",
      "hdi": 0.787,
      "n": 815,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0533883,
      "country": "Slovenia",
      "hdi": 0.896,
      "n": 1304,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0133276,
      "country": "South Africa",
      "hdi": 0.699,
      "n": 5449,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Sub-Saharan Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0883116,
      "country": "South Korea",
      "hdi": 0.903,
      "n": 2347,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "East Asia & Pacific"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0716822,
      "country": "Spain",
      "hdi": 0.891,
      "n": 2013,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0826089,
      "country": "Sweden",
      "hdi": 0.933,
      "n": 2053,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.109152,
      "country": "Switzerland",
      "hdi": 0.944,
      "n": 1083,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.000405964,
      "country": "Thailand",
      "hdi": 0.755,
      "n": 2664,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "East Asia & Pacific"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0269058,
      "country": "Trinidad and Tobago",
      "hdi": 0.784,
      "n": 1177,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Latin America & Caribbean"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0515948,
      "country": "Tunisia",
      "hdi": 0.735,
      "n": 667,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Middle East & North Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.053083,
      "country": "Turkey",
      "hdi": 0.791,
      "n": 2491,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.015835,
      "country": "Ukraine",
      "hdi": 0.751,
      "n": 2026,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0666074,
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "hdi": 0.922,
      "n": 857,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0830696,
      "country": "United States",
      "hdi": 0.924,
      "n": 3250,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "North America"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0484764,
      "country": "Uruguay",
      "hdi": 0.804,
      "n": 1663,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Latin America & Caribbean"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.0330799,
      "country": "Uzbekistan",
      "hdi": 0.71,
      "n": 566,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Europe & Central Asia"
    },
    {
      "alignment": 0.0533474,
      "country": "Vietnam",
      "hdi": 0.694,
      "n": 1277,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "East Asia & Pacific"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.00927234,
      "country": "Zambia",
      "hdi": 0.588,
      "n": 891,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Sub-Saharan Africa"
    },
    {
      "alignment": -0.011511,
      "country": "Zimbabwe",
      "hdi": 0.535,
      "n": 1500,
      "panel": "hdi",
      "region": "Sub-Saharan Africa"
    }
  ],
  "id": "alignment_hdi_agreement",
  "notes": [
    "Taiwan has no Human Development Index value and is left out of the first view.",
    "The alignment score averages eight values in both surveys. The ESS scale has {fact:n_pvq_items} items and the WVS scale has one item per value.",
    "The fit uses robust standard errors, which allow the spread around the line to differ across countries, and treats the countries as the sample.",
    "Country cells need an effective sample of {fact:neff_floor} respondents or more."
  ],
  "source": "World Values Survey, waves 5 and 6, 2005-2016; weighted (S017 within each country, every country counted once across countries); Human Development Index from the country context file (one value per country); second view also uses the European Social Survey, rounds 1 to 11, 2002-2024; weighted (analysis weight within each country, every country counted once across countries)",
  "spec": {
    "colors": {
      "East Asia & Pacific": "cat1",
      "Europe & Central Asia": "cat2",
      "Latin America & Caribbean": "cat3",
      "Middle East & North Africa": "cat4",
      "North America": "cat5",
      "Not classified": "muted",
      "South Asia": "cat6",
      "Sub-Saharan Africa": "cat7"
    },
    "group": "region",
    "highlight": [
      "United States",
      "Japan",
      "Malaysia",
      "Egypt"
    ],
    "label": "country",
    "x": "hdi",
    "xDomain": [
      0.4,
      1
    ],
    "xFormat": {
      "digits": 1
    },
    "xLabel": "Human Development Index (0 to 1)",
    "y": "alignment",
    "yDomain": [
      -0.08,
      0.14
    ],
    "yFormat": {
      "digits": 2,
      "signed": true
    },
    "yLabel": "Alignment in the WVS (eight values)"
  },
  "subtitle": "Alignment of values with left-right self-placement against the Human Development Index, by country, World Values Survey, waves 5 and 6, 2005-2016",
  "title": "Alignment is higher in countries with higher human development, with a correlation of {fact:wvs_hdi_r} across {fact:wvs_hdi_k} countries",
  "type": "scatter",
  "views": [
    {
      "filter": {
        "panel": "hdi"
      },
      "id": "hdi",
      "label": "Against human development",
      "spec": {
        "overlays": [
          {
            "hi": "hi",
            "kind": "band",
            "label": "Least-squares line with 95% band",
            "lo": "lo",
            "rows": [
              {
                "hi": -0.0220451,
                "lo": -0.0668469,
                "x": 0.423,
                "y": -0.044446
              },
              {
                "hi": -0.0191299,
                "lo": -0.0612538,
                "x": 0.445083,
                "y": -0.0401919
              },
              {
                "hi": -0.0162001,
                "lo": -0.0556753,
                "x": 0.467167,
                "y": -0.0359377
              },
              {
                "hi": -0.0132526,
                "lo": -0.0501146,
                "x": 0.48925,
                "y": -0.0316836
              },
              {
                "hi": -0.0102832,
                "lo": -0.0445756,
                "x": 0.511333,
                "y": -0.0274294
              },
              {
                "hi": -0.00728679,
                "lo": -0.0390638,
                "x": 0.533417,
                "y": -0.0231753
              },
              {
                "hi": -0.00425628,
                "lo": -0.033586,
                "x": 0.5555,
                "y": -0.0189211
              },
              {
                "hi": -0.00118242,
                "lo": -0.0281516,
                "x": 0.577583,
                "y": -0.014667
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.00194721,
                "lo": -0.0227729,
                "x": 0.599667,
                "y": -0.0104129
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.00514925,
                "lo": -0.0174667,
                "x": 0.62175,
                "y": -0.00615871
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.00844583,
                "lo": -0.0122549,
                "x": 0.643833,
                "y": -0.00190456
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0118655,
                "lo": -0.00716633,
                "x": 0.665917,
                "y": 0.00234959
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0154432,
                "lo": -0.00223576,
                "x": 0.688,
                "y": 0.00660373
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0192174,
                "lo": 0.00249833,
                "x": 0.710083,
                "y": 0.0108579
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0232231,
                "lo": 0.00700097,
                "x": 0.732167,
                "y": 0.015112
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0274815,
                "lo": 0.0112509,
                "x": 0.75425,
                "y": 0.0193662
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0319922,
                "lo": 0.0152484,
                "x": 0.776333,
                "y": 0.0236203
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0367334,
                "lo": 0.0190155,
                "x": 0.798417,
                "y": 0.0278745
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0416698,
                "lo": 0.0225874,
                "x": 0.8205,
                "y": 0.0321286
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.046763,
                "lo": 0.0260025,
                "x": 0.842583,
                "y": 0.0363828
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0519783,
                "lo": 0.0292955,
                "x": 0.864667,
                "y": 0.0406369
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0572873,
                "lo": 0.0324948,
                "x": 0.88675,
                "y": 0.0448911
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.062668,
                "lo": 0.0356224,
                "x": 0.908833,
                "y": 0.0491452
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0681041,
                "lo": 0.0386946,
                "x": 0.930917,
                "y": 0.0533993
              },
              {
                "hi": 0.0735831,
                "lo": 0.0417239,
                "x": 0.953,
                "y": 0.0576535
              }
            ],
            "x": "x",
            "y": "y"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "caption": "Countries with a higher score in the ESS tend to have a higher score in the WVS, and the country scores correlate at {fact:wvs_ess_r}. Each dot is a country in both surveys. The two surveys use different items, years and interviewers, and the scores are comparable in rank and not in size.",
      "filter": {
        "panel": "ess"
      },
      "id": "ess",
      "label": "Against the ESS",
      "spec": {
        "highlight": [
          "Bulgaria",
          "Estonia",
          "Switzerland",
          "Turkey"
        ],
        "overlays": [],
        "x": "ess_alignment",
        "xDomain": [
          -0.08,
          0.14
        ],
        "xLabel": "Alignment in the ESS (eight values)",
        "yLabel": "Alignment in the WVS (eight values)"
      },
      "title": "Country alignment in the WVS correlates at {fact:wvs_ess_r} with alignment in the ESS across {fact:wvs_ess_k} countries"
    }
  ],
  "width": "wide"
}